短文填空如何拿取滿分.doc

【中考英語】短文填空如何拿取滿分，滿滿的方法和技巧！ 英語組-杜元珍老師Last week, I went to an art show. A painting caught my eye. To my amazement, it was painted by Steven, one of my 61.students . Then many things about him came into my mind.Steven was from a poor family. His parents 62.could not afford to buy him some basicthings that he needed. Once our school provided gloves for poor children. I put Stevens name on the list. He was so 63.happy when he received a pair. He loved to wear themand they were always 64.cleaner than anybody elses.Steven had a gift for painting and he could 65.easily understand what I described in class. But he didnt have money to buy the paper for painting. So sometimes, I 66.gave him some. He practicedhard. And I often showed some of 67.encouraged .One day just before the summer vacation, he came to 68.borrowsome art books. When the new term began, he showed some of 69.his paintings to me. I felt shocked. They were very good. Then we talked a lot. He said he would keep on.Later he was admitted to a famous art university . After graduation, he had many difficulties, but he never gave up. He was always 70.trying his best to improve himself. His hard work and strong mind led to his success.方法解題步驟（一）瀏覽方框中所給的十個單詞，注意它們各自的詞義，詞性，可能的變形以及相關的搭配。如clean為形容詞原形，可能存在的變形是它的比較級cleaner，最高級cleanest!再比如give為動詞原形，可能存在的變形是過去式gave,現(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞giving以及過去分詞形式given。（二）跳過空格，不看選項，快速地閱讀全文，從整體上感知全文，掌握大意。注意：重視首尾句；記敘文抓故事性文章的時間、地點、人物、事物。（三）復讀短文，確定語義，判斷詞形。注意：先易后難易：固定詞組、常見句型或明顯的語法結(jié)構(gòu)難：名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞，注意聯(lián)系上下文（四）三讀短文，上下參照，驗證答案。內(nèi)容：上、下文內(nèi)容是否協(xié)調(diào)一致、順理成章。語法：語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確無誤。具體解題技巧（一）考慮該空填什么詞性1、名詞：單復數(shù)形式, 所有格的用法表示某一事物，有具體的和抽象的之分。分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。強調(diào)：不可數(shù)名詞都默認為單數(shù)，所以總是用is或者was；最好不要根據(jù)some、any、a lot of等詞去作判斷，以免受誤導。1）可數(shù)名詞如何變“復數(shù)形式”：a一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 。b以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 。c以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries。d以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves。e以“o”結(jié)尾的詞，一般直接加s，mango除外：mango-mangoes。f不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese不可數(shù)名詞沒有復數(shù)。如果要計算不可數(shù)名詞所表達的數(shù)量，就得在數(shù)詞和不可數(shù)名詞之間加上“量詞+of”。例如：a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice2、形容詞、副詞：比較等級的用法形容詞、副詞比較級的規(guī)則變化如下：（1）一般直接+er。如：tall - taller, fast - faster 單音節(jié)詞如果以-e結(jié)尾，只加-r。如：late - later（2）重讀閉音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個輔音字母，須雙寫這個字母，再加-er。如：big - bigger, fat - fatter（3）以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i，再加-er。如：heavy - heavier, early - earlier（4）雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比較級應在原級前加more構(gòu)成。如：beautiful - more beautiful, careful - more careful, quietly - more quietly, interesting - more interesting有些不規(guī)則變化的，須逐一加以記憶。如：good/well better, bad/ill worse, many/much more, far farther/further, old older/elder1.One of the 84 differences between Chinese restaurants and western ones is that2.I thought I was the _78_ unlucky person in the world.3、代詞：單復數(shù)、人稱代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、關系代詞、不定代詞等的用法反身代詞myself、yourself, themselves、ourselves 關系代詞which 、that、who、whom 、what、when、while、how指示代詞this、that、those、these 不定代詞some，any，all ，none，both，either，neither，each，every，other，another，much，many，few，little，one3.about 350 million Chinese smoke. Among79 , 50 million are teenagers. 4.Whenever I got angry or sad, he would help _82_ to cool down.5.Here are some ideas about 77to eat healthily. 6.In a western restaurant，each person usually asks for their82 food or dishes and eats83 they ask for7.Most American parents let their sons or daughters make friends by 85 .8.American like to spend 79 than they have.9.I believe you can find86 other ways besides these.4、連詞：并列與從屬連詞的用法1）從屬連詞：引導從句。隨著從句作用不同，它們又可分為幾類：時間從句when, while, as, before, after, until, till, whenever 條件從句if, unless, supposing, provided, suppose, 目的從句in order that, so that, that, so, lest, 結(jié)果從句sothat, suchthat, so that, so 原因從句because, as, since 讓步從句although, though, even though(if), while 方式從句as, like, the way, as if, as though 地點從句where, wherever 比較從句than, as I was so angry _79_ I hit him in the face. Its better for you to 81a glass of warm milk 82going to bed.2）并列連詞：連接兩個互不依從的次、短語或分句：Slow but sure. 要慢而穩(wěn)。（連接單詞）Shell be back either this week or next week. 她將在這周或下周回來。（連接短語）I went and she went also. 我去了，她也去了。（連接分句）并列連詞有下面幾類：表示意思轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but ,yet, however, nevertheless, 表示因果關系的連詞for, so, therefore, hence, 其他并列連詞and, or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, bothand, as well as. 1.Yao Ming was Tangs favorite star, 77 his words meant a lot to him.2.Dont eat too much chocolate 84ice-cream.3.Keep this space, which may be a desk82 just a corner of your room.4.Dont shout to the waiters，86 people may think that you are rude (粗魯?shù)?. 5、介詞短語及其它固定搭配1.He started smoking 76 the age of 14.2.He decided to78 up smoking.3.Its very important82 parents to help their children stop smoking.4.My classmates didnt want to talk _77_ me.5.My parents dont shout at me _85_ more.6.That means eating lots of different 83of food.7.Try to eat healthy food as much as 86.8.she has found many differences 78 Chinese and American.9.Most Chinese kids always 81 their parents for money10.Chinese parents usually enjoy knowing more about their childrens friends86 many different ways.11.In77 , anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to.12.Look around the house81 a good study place.13.Sometimes it is all right to80 a table for yourself動詞：時態(tài)、語態(tài)的變化聯(lián)系上下文（二）聯(lián)系上下文1.重復出現(xiàn)原則2.語境School：lecture，paper，exam，grades，playground，teacher.Restaurant：menu，soup，drink，order，bill. Airport/Station ：train，time table，take off，passenger，flight. Post office：parcel，package，stamp，postage. Hospital：cold，fever，pain，cough，trouble，temperature. Hotel: Check in,check out,luggage,book a room,double room. 1.Teenagers can get cigarettes80 , especially when their parents smoke or shops81 cigarettes to them. 2.But now I cant see my best friend because he is seriously _86_ and is staying in hospital.3、常見的人物關系：Husbandwife Teacherstudent Bossemployee Waitercustomer Doctorpatient Parentskid/children Shop assis