2018福建中考英語(yǔ)B卷解析.doc

2018福建省中考英語(yǔ)試卷(B卷).選擇填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）從每小題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的正確答案。(2018福建B卷) 21. I will give a T-shirt _ my brother as a birthday present. A. by B. to C. from21. B 考查介詞的用法。句意：我會(huì)給我哥哥一件T恤作為他的生日禮物。giveto sb.意為“給某人”，是固定搭配。故選B。(2018福建B卷) 22. Do you enjoy Chinese Folk Songs?Yes, the folk songs _ nice.A. sound B. smell C. look22. A 考查感官動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：你喜歡中國(guó)民歌嗎？是的，民歌聽(tīng)起來(lái)不錯(cuò)。欣賞歌曲需要用耳朵聽(tīng)，sound 聽(tīng)起來(lái)，smell聞起來(lái)，look看起來(lái)。故選A。(2018福建B卷) 23. Must I hand in the survey on the use of bicycle-sharing right now?No, you _.A. neednt B. cant C. shouldnt23. A 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：我必須要現(xiàn)在交共享單車(chē)調(diào)查嗎？不，不必。以must提問(wèn)的一般疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答用must（必須），否定回答用neednt或dont/doesnt have to（不必）。由答語(yǔ)No可知該題為否定回答。故選A。(2018福建B卷) 24. Tony is the best student in the class because he works _ than the others. A. hard B. harder C. hardest24. B 考查副詞的比較級(jí)用法。句意：托尼是班上（成績(jī)）最好的學(xué)生，因?yàn)樗劝嗌掀渌麑W(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)更努力。副詞hard的比較級(jí)為harder。故選B。(2018福建B卷) 25. I tried many ways to solve the problem, but _ of them worked. Never give up. Youll surely make it. A. all B. none C. neither25. B考查代詞用法辨析。句意：我試了很多方法來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，但是沒(méi)一個(gè)有用。永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄。你一定可以做到。根據(jù)連詞but可知，空白處表示否定意義，none表示對(duì)三者及以上的否定，neither表示對(duì)兩者否定，由many可知此處表示對(duì)多種方法的否定。故選B。 (2018福建B卷) 26. _ does Liu Chuanjian do?Hes a pilot of Sichuan Airlines. Hes a hero!A. What B. Where C. When26. A考查疑問(wèn)詞辨析。句意：劉傳建是做什么的？他是四川航空的一名飛行員。他是一名英雄！詢(xún)問(wèn)職業(yè)的問(wèn)句有：1. What be + sb.? 2. What do/does sb. do? 3. What is sb.s job? 故選A。 (2018福建B卷) 27. Blue whales are _. We should try to protect them. A. in time B. in public C. in danger27. C 考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：藍(lán)鯨處境危險(xiǎn)，我們應(yīng)該盡力保護(hù)它們。in time及時(shí)，in public當(dāng)眾，在公共場(chǎng)所，in danger處于危險(xiǎn)中。故選C。(2018福建B卷) 28. How _! There are no workers in the bank.Its the first self-service bank in China.A. strange B. scary C. boring28. A 考查形容詞辨析。句意：真奇怪！這家銀行里沒(méi)有工作人員。這是中國(guó)第一家自助銀行。strange奇怪的，scary可怕的，恐怖的，boring無(wú)聊的。根據(jù)句意，可知空白處意為“奇怪的”。故選A。 (2018福建B卷) 29. You can surf the Internet _ you want to know about the 2020 World Middle School Games.A. until B. after C. if29. C考查連詞辨析。句意：如果你想了解2020世界中學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的話(huà)，你可以上網(wǎng)搜索。根據(jù)句意可知空格處應(yīng)填if來(lái)引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。故選C。 (2018福建B卷) 30. China _ great achievements in science and technology since 1978. A. makes B. made C. has made30. C考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自從1978年以來(lái)中國(guó)在科學(xué)技術(shù)方面取得了很大的成就。由句意及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)since 1978，可知句子時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)為：have/has done。故選C。(2018福建B卷) 31. I dont know how to use the APP Fun Dubbing. Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of _ in doing it.A. experience B. trouble C. courage31. A 考查名詞辨析。句意：我不知道怎么用“趣配音”這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序。找吉米幫忙。他做這個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)，trouble困難，courage勇氣。由句意可知，吉米對(duì)于這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，所以才建議找他幫忙。故選A。 (2018福建B卷) 32. Paper-making _ by the Chinese in the Western Han dynasty(朝代). A. is invented B. invented C. was invented32. C 考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：中國(guó)在西漢時(shí)發(fā)明了造紙術(shù)。造紙術(shù)是在過(guò)去被發(fā)明的，因此應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：was/were+done，。故選C。(2018福建B卷) 33. Grandma wants to watch the program Legal Report. Please _ the TV. A. turn off B. turn on C. turn down33. B 考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：奶奶想看今日說(shuō)法這個(gè)節(jié)目，請(qǐng)打開(kāi)電視。turn off關(guān)閉，turn on打開(kāi)，turn down調(diào)低。由句意可知，奶奶想看電視，因此需要打開(kāi)電視。故選B。(2018福建B卷) 34. Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist _ is leading a research to develop “sea rice”. A. who B. which C. whom34. A 考查關(guān)系代詞辨析。句意：袁隆平是一位中國(guó)水稻科學(xué)家，他正在主導(dǎo)一項(xiàng)開(kāi)發(fā)“海水稻”的研究。這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，空格處缺少指代“a Chinese rice scientist”的關(guān)系詞，因此應(yīng)用who。故選A。(2018福建B卷) 35. Karl Marx is a great thinker. Do you know_?In 1818.A. where he was from B. when he was born C. how he learned foreign languages35. B 考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：卡爾馬克思是一名偉大的思想家。你知道他出生于什么時(shí)候嗎？1818年。由答語(yǔ)“In 1818”可知，上文應(yīng)是詢(xún)問(wèn)的是卡爾馬克思出生的時(shí)間，故選B。. 完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）從每小題所給A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。(2018福建B卷)Ewan Drum has always liked superheroes. He admires how they help people. At the age of seven, he told his parents, “I want to 36._ like a superhero and help the homeless.” A few months later, Ewans family planned a day of 37._. Wearing his red superhero costume, Ewan 38._ helped pass out 70 bag lunches to hungry people in a park in Detroit, Michigan. Thats 39._ Super Ewan was born. World spread about Ewans good deeds(事跡). People donated(捐贈(zèng)) money and something else, and Ewan handed them out to those in need. When 40._ donated bottles of water, Ewan and his family held a drive to get even more. They 41._ the water to Flint, Michigan, a city that had unsafe drinking water. Another time, a business donated six turkeys for Thanksgiving. 42._ his parents help, Ewan used social media(媒體) to ask for more turkeys, plus side dishes. “In the end,” he says, “we handed out 64 turkey dinners to 43._ all around Detroit.”Ewan has a motto: Everyone can be a superhero to someone. At an event called the Hero Round Table, Ewan told the listeners, “Its not 44._ to help people. You can keep some socks and snacks in your car to help people in need. Every 45._ thing helps and can make someone feel happy.”36. A. get up B. dress up C. look up37. A. giving B. playing C. showing38. A. safely B. seriously C. happily 39. A. what B. why C. how40. A. someone B. everyone C. no one41. A. sold B. took C. lent42. A. From B. With C. In43. A. heroes B. listeners C. families44. A. difficult B. possible C. necessary45. A. private B. little C. interesting體裁記敘文話(huà)題人物故事詞數(shù)218【短文大意】本文是記敘文。伊萬(wàn)德拉姆從小就很喜歡超級(jí)英雄，因?yàn)闅J佩他們總是幫助別人。從七歲開(kāi)始，他就盡自己所能幫助別人，同時(shí)，受他影響，越來(lái)越多的人投入到這樣的捐贈(zèng)活動(dòng)當(dāng)中。伊萬(wàn)的座右銘是：每個(gè)人都可以是別人的超級(jí)英雄。36. B 考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我想打扮成超級(jí)英雄，幫助那些無(wú)家可歸的人。get up起床，dress up打扮，look up查閱。故選B。37. A 考動(dòng)詞辨析。句意： 幾個(gè)月后，伊萬(wàn)的家人計(jì)劃了“一天贈(zèng)予”活動(dòng)。根據(jù)上文可知伊萬(wàn)一直想幫助別人，用giving符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。38. C 考查副詞辨析。句意：伊萬(wàn)在密歇根州底特律的一個(gè)公園里，愉快地為饑餓的人們分發(fā)了70份袋裝午餐。伊萬(wàn)一直想要幫助別人，因此給他人分發(fā)午餐，他肯定覺(jué)得很高興。故選C。39. C 考查連詞辨析。句意：這就是超級(jí)伊萬(wàn)是怎么產(chǎn)生的。這段講述的是超級(jí)伊萬(wàn)產(chǎn)生的由來(lái)。表示詢(xún)問(wèn)事物的緣由應(yīng)用how。故選C。40. A 考查不定代詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)有人捐出幾瓶水時(shí)，伊萬(wàn)和他的家人就舉辦了一次駕車(chē)活動(dòng)來(lái)獲得更多的水。根據(jù)句意，可知空格處應(yīng)用someone表示“某人”。故選A。41. B 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他們把水送到密歇根州的弗林特，一個(gè)飲用水不安全的城市。根據(jù)句意可知A項(xiàng)（賣(mài)）和C項(xiàng)（借）都不符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。 42. B 考查介詞辨析。句意：在父母的幫助下，伊萬(wàn)利用社交媒體請(qǐng)求更多的火雞和配菜。with ones help為固定搭配，意為“在某人的幫助下”。故選B。43. C 考查名詞辨析。句意：我們給底特律附近的家庭分發(fā)了64份火雞大餐。根據(jù)句意，可知空白處應(yīng)用families來(lái)表示“家庭”。故選C。44. A 考查形容詞辨析。由下上下文語(yǔ)境，可知此處作者想表達(dá)的是幫助別人很簡(jiǎn)單。句意：幫助別人并不難。故選A。45. B 考查形容詞辨析。句意：每一件小事都有幫助且能使人感到快樂(lè)。private私人的，little小的，interesting有趣的。根據(jù)句意B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。.閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，25小題；滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié) 閱讀下面A、B、C、D四篇短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。（共20小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分40分）(2018福建B卷)AMy interest in cooking started when I was 11, partly thanks to my mother. She didnt really like cooking and when she did cook, I didnt like her food. Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this, so I went to the bookstore and looked for the biggest cookbook I could find. During a year, I had produced most of its recipes(食譜) and was ready for a big challenge(挑戰(zhàn)). I wanted to create my own dishes and I started cooking for more people than just my family. To my joy, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking to test my dishes in it and my skill improved quickly. Later, my mom and I set up a dinner club that organized monthly events inside my home. Now as a teen chef(主廚), I have also cooked in top-class restaurants around the country. I am not doing it for the money, but because I love cooking. Now I know that when you stop caring whether youll be famous or do well, you dream will come to you.46. The writer is now _.A. a TV star B. a news reporterC. a well-known bookseller D. a good chef47. What made the writer begin to cook?A. His parents wish B. The customs adviceC. His mothers delicious food D. The information about cooking on TV.48. After producing most of the recipes in the cookbook, the writer wanted to _.A. taking cooking lessons B. write his cookbookC. make new dishes of his own D. open a restaurant49. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to (指代) “_”.A. the bookstore B. a test kitchen C. a dinner club D. the country50. What is important for the writer?A. Finding a good job. B. Making lots of money.C. Doing what he loves. D. Because famous.題材記敘文話(huà)題興趣愛(ài)好詞數(shù)197【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。作者介紹了自己的興趣愛(ài)好烹飪以及這個(gè)興趣愛(ài)好的由來(lái)。46. D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Now as a teen chef(主廚), I have also cooked in top-class restaurants around the country可知，作者現(xiàn)在是一名主廚。故選D。47. D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this可知，作者是在電視上看到一些與烹飪相關(guān)的東西才萌生了自己做飯的想法。故選D。48. C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由I wanted to create my own dishes可知，作者在做完菜譜上所有的食物之后，他想創(chuàng)造自己的菜肴。故選C。49. B 指代理解題。由上文“To my joy, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen.”可知，本句中it代指上文中的a test kitchen。50. C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由I am not doing it for the money, but because I love cooking可知，作者做廚師不是為了錢(qián)，而是因?yàn)橄矚g。故選C。(2018福建B卷)BJackie is writing a summary(總結(jié)) and feedback about School Day to his teacher.Summary School Day was held successfully on May 6th. Twenty-four student helpers from Grade 8 were divided into four groups of six. Each group had a task to raise money for the disabled. All of the groups performed well on School Day and received praise from the visitors. In short, our School Day went well and we got no poor opinions from the visitors.Feedback: Opinions from 100 students have been collected. Most students thought the activities were good. However, some students thought the prices of the school postcards were a little high.Follow-up: Have a meeting with the headmaster about prizes for excellent student helpers. 51. The text is written to _.A. give a report B. have a School DayC. collect opinions from visitors D. hold a meeting with teachers52. What were sold in Tinas group?A. School postcards. B. Chinese paintings.C. Recycling bags. D. Homemade snacks.53. How did the visitors feel about the activities?A. Disappointed. B. Satisfied. C. Worried. D. Surprised.54. How many students like the recycling bags according to the feedback?A.50. B. 25. C. 15. D. 10.55. Which of the following is TRUE about the activities? A. Nick was the leader of Group 1.B. Twenty- four students offered their feedback. C. The postcards were cheap. D. Students helpers who did well can get prizes.題材應(yīng)用文話(huà)題活動(dòng)總結(jié)與反饋詞數(shù)163【主旨大意】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，杰克為學(xué)校日活動(dòng)寫(xiě)了一份總結(jié)并收集了100名學(xué)生的反饋意見(jiàn)，還安排了活動(dòng)后續(xù)事項(xiàng)。51. A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由開(kāi)頭句Jackie is writing a summary and feedback about School Day to his teacher可知，本文是一份活動(dòng)總結(jié)與反饋。故選A。52. B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由圖表可知，Tina 在第二組，主要出售中國(guó)畫(huà)，故選B。53. B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由All of the groups performed well on School Day and received praise from the visitors中 . received praise from the visitors可知，來(lái)訪者對(duì)活動(dòng)是很滿(mǎn)意的，故選B。 54. A推理判斷題。由Opinions from 100 students have been collected可知共有100名學(xué)生接受了調(diào)查，從反饋表中可知，可回收塑料袋的滿(mǎn)意度為50%，所以有50名學(xué)生喜歡可回收塑料袋。故選A。55. D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由圖表可知Nick是第四組的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由Opinions from 100 students have been collected可知100名學(xué)生提交了反饋，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由some students thoughts the prices of the school postcards were a little high可知部分學(xué)生認(rèn)為明信片的價(jià)格有點(diǎn)高，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由文章最后一句可知要和校長(zhǎng)討論優(yōu)秀學(xué)生的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)事項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)正確。故選D。(2018福建B卷)CBirth order does it matter? Are you different because you are the first, second, or third child in your family or maybe the last of nine?A study found that first-borns have an average(平均) IQ that is three points higher than people who fall into a different place in the birth order, perhaps because first-borns often help younger brothers and sisters, which improves their own skills. In 2007, an international organization of CEOs found that 43% of CEOs are first-borns, 33% are middle children, and 23% are last-borns. First-borns are more likely(可能的) to be doctors and astronauts and get higher pay.If first-borns are more successful, last-borns are generally more agreeable. They are also more likely to be funny, possibly to get attention from all the biggest people at the dinner table. Mark Twain and Stephen Colbert were both youngest in large families, and Jim Carrey was the youngest of four. According to a 2007 Time magazine article, “The POWER of Birth Order,” last-borns are more likely to be artists and successful businessmen. Then there are the middle children; we have not ignored(忽視) them! Many children are short of one-on-one time with their parents. They often feel short-changed: the oldest gets more rights, and the youngest is “spoiled(寵壞的).” Though they may be ignored, middle children more likely to grow into easygoing adults. Many factors(因素) make us who we are, but if the research is correct, birth order may be one of the most important factors.56. Who is most likely to be a CEO?A. A first-born. B. A second-born. C. A third-born. D. A last-born.57. What can we learn about Jim Carrey?A. He was likely to be given low pay. B. He was likely to be agreeable.C. He was a first-born. D. He was a middle child.58. What does the underlined word “short-changed” in Paragraph 4 probably mean in Chinese?A. 受虧待的 B. 受控制的 C. 受寵愛(ài)的 D. 受歡迎的59. We can learn from the research that birth order _.A. has no influence on IQ B. matters a lot at the dinner table.C. may decide who we are D. is a factor in making us powerful60. What would be the best title for the text?A. Where Is Your Place in the family? B. Who Improves Your Social Skills?C. What Makes You Successful in life? D. How Can You Grow into a Big Man?題材說(shuō)明文話(huà)題出生順序?qū)θ说挠绊懺~數(shù)262【主旨大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。調(diào)查表明，人的出生順序不一樣，能力、性格、職業(yè)都會(huì)受到其出生順序的影響。出生順序可能是影響人成功與否的一個(gè)重要的因素之一。56. A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由In 2007, an international organization of CEOs found that 43% of CEOs are first-borns可知，第一個(gè)出生的人成為CEO的比例是最大的。故選A。57. B 推理判斷題。由第三段和If first-borns are more successful, last-borns are generally more agreeable可知，Jim Carrey是家里最小的一個(gè)。故選B。58. A 詞義猜測(cè)題。由the oldest gets more rights, and the youngest is “spoiled” 以及Though they may be ignored.可知，中間出生的孩子容易被忽視。與其意思接近的選項(xiàng)為“受虧待的”。故選A。59. C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段Many factors make us who we are, but if the research is correct, birth order may be one of the most important factors可知，出生順序可能會(huì)決定一個(gè)人的命運(yùn)。故選C。60. A 標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要說(shuō)明出生順序(即在家庭的位置)可能是影響人的一生的重要因素之一。故選A。(2018福建B卷)DNatural scenes often become the themes of poetry. Poets watch nature closely and present(呈現(xiàn)) its beauty in their poems. For example, poets may describe natural scenes such as a spring day or a snowy day. Besides, poets often express their feelings about nature by creating lively images(形象) in poems. With images, poets can describe the details(細(xì)節(jié)) of something colorfully. Readers, on the other hand, can connect their own experiences with the images in the poems so that they can share the poets ideas. Now lets read the poem “Who Has Seen the Wind?” When we read the lines ”When the leaves hang trembling” and “When the trees bow down their heads,” they remind us of a windy day. The poet successfully creates an image of the wind by describing details of the scene. These help the readers think of the moment when the wind passes by. We might even bow our own heads, imagining that we are the trees. In the poem “Night,” Blake describes many details of a night scene. People know very well what they can see at night, like stars or the moon. However, Blake sees more than just the moon itself; he sees the moon as a flower, smiling at us from up in the sky. So the moon is really compared to a flower and personified(擬人化) as a smiling person.61. Whats the purpose of writing Paragraph 1?A. To have an argument. B. To have a discussion.C. To give an introduction. D. To give a suggestion.62. Which picture best describes the underlined part in the poem “Who Has Seen the Wind”?63. _ sits and smiles on the night in the poem “Night”.A. The sun B. The star C. The bird D. The moon64. What do the two poems have in common? Seeing natural scenes as humans. Using imagination. Praising the same natural scene. Describing details of the scenes. Creating images by hearing and touching.A. B. C. D. 65. How does the writer present the text to us?A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons.C. By using personifications. D. By asking questions.題材說(shuō)明文話(huà)題詩(shī)歌賞析詞數(shù)238【主旨大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。自然景色經(jīng)常會(huì)成為詩(shī)歌的主題，本文以?xún)蓜t詩(shī)歌為例，介紹了詩(shī)人如何將自然景色及內(nèi)心的情感通過(guò)詩(shī)歌表達(dá)出來(lái)。61. C 段落大意題。第一段為總起段落，講述了詩(shī)人描述自然景色和表達(dá)內(nèi)心情感的方式。故選C。62. B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由When the leaves hang trembling可知，該句是描寫(xiě)樹(shù)葉在大風(fēng)中搖曳的場(chǎng)景，因此B圖合適，故選B。63. D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由he sees the moon as a flower, smiling at us from up in the sky可知詩(shī)人用擬人化的手法描寫(xiě)天上的星星。故選D。 64. C 推理判斷題。由短文可知，第一首詩(shī)是描寫(xiě)風(fēng)；第二首詩(shī)是描寫(xiě)夜晚，兩首詩(shī)并不是描寫(xiě)同一個(gè)景色，故可排除；Creating images by hearing and touching意為“通過(guò)聽(tīng)覺(jué)和觸覺(jué)創(chuàng)造形象”，詩(shī)歌中風(fēng)和夜晚沒(méi)有提到觸覺(jué)，故可排除。故選C。65. A 推理判斷題。作者在第一段中提出問(wèn)題，隨后用兩首詩(shī)歌進(jìn)行示例分析?？芍髡呤峭ㄟ^(guò)舉例子的方式來(lái)寫(xiě)作的，故選A。第二節(jié) 閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入短文空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使短文通順、連貫，意思完整。（共5小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分5分）(2018福建B卷) EGreenHome campaigners (發(fā)起者) really love the nature world. In fact, we love it so much that were determined(決心) to do our best to protect it. 66._ For that, we need money too. GreenHome can be strong only with the support from people like you. 67._ If the joy of walking through the green forest, the excitement of climbing ancient rocks, or even the simple pleasure of watching wildlife in its own habitat(棲息地) really moves you, then share GreenHomes idea of the world. Please turn that idea into some support today. 68._ So take action right now! Even a very small amount, like $1 a month, will soon build up into a valuable contribution(貢獻(xiàn)) to protecting the na