九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)Unit 10 教案2(新人教版)_初三英.doc

初中英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)網(wǎng) /九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)Unit 10 教案2(新人教版)_初三英語(yǔ)教案Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)（Language Goal）1Learn to narrate past events學(xué)會(huì)描述過(guò)去所發(fā)生的事情。2Learn to express something with Past Perfect Tense. 學(xué)習(xí)使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。3Strengthen the consciousness of doing things regularly做事加強(qiáng)連續(xù)性，有條不紊。二、重點(diǎn)詞組（Key phrases）1by the time 到時(shí)候?yàn)橹?get outside 到外邊3get to school 到學(xué)校4get up 起床5get into the shower 去洗澡6get home 到家7start doing / to do sth. 開(kāi)始做某事8be late for 遲到9go off （鬧鐘）鬧響10wake up 醒來(lái)11come out 出來(lái)，出現(xiàn)12run off 迅速離開(kāi)，跑掉13on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)14in time 及時(shí)15come by （走）過(guò)來(lái)16give sb. a ride 讓某人搭車17break down 損壞，壞掉18show up 出席，露面19stay up 熬夜20a costume party 一個(gè)化裝舞會(huì)21sth. happen to sb. 某事發(fā)生在某人身上22so that 如此以至于23set off 出發(fā)，開(kāi)始24April Fools Day 愚人節(jié)25get married 結(jié)婚26marry sb. 與某人結(jié)婚27both and 二者都28get dressed 穿好衣服29on the first day 在第一天三、交際用語(yǔ)1By the time she got up, her brother had already gone into the bathroom2By the time she went outside, the bus had already gone3By the time she got to class, the teacher had already started teaching4When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home5Have you ever overslept? 6Have you ever been late for school? 四、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)釋義(Language Points)1get to 意為“到達(dá)”。例如：When did you get there last night? 你昨晚什么時(shí)候到那兒的？I get home at 7:00 every day我每天7:00到家。When I got to the cinema, the film had already begun我到電影院時(shí)，電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。辨析：get, arrive與reach這三個(gè)詞都可以用來(lái)表示“到達(dá)”，但是用法不同。（1）get和arrive都是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后只能跟表示地點(diǎn)的副詞，若是跟名詞則須再加介詞，即get to 地點(diǎn)名詞，arrive in / at 地點(diǎn)名詞（in 之后跟表示大地方的詞，at之后跟表示小地方的詞）。若是只說(shuō)“到達(dá)”，而不指出到達(dá)哪里，則只能用arrive。例如：How did you get / arrive there? 你怎么到那兒的？I got to / arrived in Beijing the day before yesterday我前天到的北京。When do you often get to / arrive at school? 你經(jīng)常什么時(shí)候到校？When will you arrive? 你什么時(shí)候到？（2）reach為及物動(dòng)詞，其后既可跟名詞也可跟副詞。例如：I reached Beijing the day before yesterday我前天到的北京。We reached here on foot我們步行到這兒的。2關(guān)于get的詞組小結(jié)在本單元出現(xiàn)大量關(guān)于get的詞組，要注意背誦：get to school 到學(xué)校get into the shower 去洗澡get outside 到外邊get home 到家get up 起床get married 結(jié)婚get dressed 穿好衣服get to class 到班級(jí)get bored 變得無(wú)聊get tired 變得疲勞3Ive never been late for school, but yesterday I came very close.我上學(xué)從未遲到過(guò)，但是昨天差一點(diǎn)兒就遲到了。（1）Ive 是I have的縮寫，have been late是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是指一個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能繼續(xù)下去，而且對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了一定的影響，其構(gòu)成是have / has動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞。例如：I have been here since 1999自1999年以來(lái)我就在這兒。We have lived in Jinan for 20 years我們已經(jīng)在濟(jì)南住了20年了。She hasnt worked for 2 years她已2年不工作了。（2）be late for 意為“遲到”，for為介詞，所以其后須跟名詞。例如：Dont be late for the meeting開(kāi)會(huì)別遲到了。Jim was late for school again吉姆上學(xué)又遲到了。Tom has been late for classes twice. 湯姆上課已經(jīng)遲到兩次了。（3）close在此為副詞“接近地，靠近地”。此外came very close意為“到時(shí)與遲到很接近”。4My alarm clock didnt go off, 鬧鐘沒(méi)有大響go off 意為“爆發(fā)，大響”。例如：Although the alarm clock went off, he didnt wake up雖然鬧鐘大響，但是他還是沒(méi)有醒來(lái)。與go有關(guān)的詞組還有：（1）go in for“參加”（競(jìng)賽、考試）；（作為嗜好、工作）“愛(ài)好”。例如：She goes in for birdwatching她愛(ài)好賞鳥(niǎo)。（2）go on“進(jìn)行，繼續(xù)”。例如：Please go on請(qǐng)繼續(xù)。（3）go on doing sth. 或go on with sth. “繼續(xù)做”。例如：He went on working without having a rest他一直工作，沒(méi)停下來(lái)休息過(guò)。（4）go over“調(diào)查，視察；越過(guò)”。例如：You must go over your lessons before the exam考試前你必須復(fù)習(xí)。5and I had to wait for him to come out我不得不等他出來(lái)。（1）have to 意為“必須，不得不”。例如：Do you have to take the test? 你必須考試嗎？Tom has to practice speaking Chinese every day湯姆每天必須練習(xí)講漢語(yǔ)。辨析：have to 與must這兩個(gè)詞都可以表示“必須”。have to 更加強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀原因，而must則強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀原因；含有have to 的句子在作句型轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)須借助于助動(dòng)詞do，does或did，而must本身是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)可以直接通過(guò)must改變。例如：It is raining, we have to stay at home. 天在下雨，我們不得不待在家里。We must work hard我們必須努力工作。Lucy doesnt have to stand露茜不必站著。You mustnt play in the street你不能在街道上玩。（2）wait 是不及物動(dòng)詞“等待，等候”的意思?？梢杂糜谠~組wait for sb“等某人”，wait to do sth“等著做某事”，wait for sb. to do sth“等某人做某事”。例如：Who are you waiting for? 你在等誰(shuí)？They cant wait to open the presents他們迫不及待地打開(kāi)禮物。You can wait for him to help you你可以等著他幫你。6Unfortunately, by the time I got there, the bus had already left不幸的是，我到那兒的時(shí)候，公交車已經(jīng)走了。unfortunately 是副詞“不幸地”，是由fortunately加否定前綴“un”構(gòu)成的。英語(yǔ)中有一部分詞在詞首或詞尾加上前綴或后綴就可以變成另外一個(gè)詞。如：lucky（幸運(yùn)的）unlucky（不幸的），use（用）useful（有用的），forget（忘記）forgetful（健忘的），un作前綴表示“not”的含義，即“un”是一個(gè)否定前綴。例如：fit（合適的）unfit（不合適的），fair （公平的）unfair（不公平的），known（聞名的）unknown（不聞名的）等。 7Luckily, my friend Tony and his Dad came by in his Dads car and they gave me a ride.幸運(yùn)的是，我的朋友托尼和他爸爸坐著他爸爸的車經(jīng)過(guò)，他們讓我搭了個(gè)便車。（1）come by 意為“經(jīng)過(guò)，走過(guò)；獲得，獲有”。例如：Please let the car come by請(qǐng)讓車過(guò)去。Good jobs are not easy to come by好工作不容易找到。與come有關(guān)的其他詞組：come out 出來(lái)；開(kāi)花；出版 例如：The moon has come out月亮出來(lái)了。Its too cold for the flowers to come out天太冷了，花不開(kāi)了。come about 發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生 例如：Tell me how the accident came about告訴我事情是怎么發(fā)生的。come across“（偶然）發(fā)現(xiàn)，遇見(jiàn)”。例如：I came across his name on the list我無(wú)意中在名單上發(fā)現(xiàn)他的名字。come after 繼之后，接而來(lái) 例如：Sunday comes after Saturday星期天在星期六之后。come back 回來(lái) 例如：When did he come back? 他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)的？come to oneself 蘇醒，醒過(guò)來(lái) 例如：At last, he came to himself最后他醒了。come from 來(lái)自 例如：Julia comes from Australia朱莉婭來(lái)自澳大利亞。（2）give sb. a ride 意為“讓某人搭便車”。ride在此為名詞“搭車，乘車”的意思。get a ride 意為“搭便車”。例如：Can you give me a ride, Jack? 杰克，能讓我搭個(gè)便車嗎？I want to get a ride. 我想搭個(gè)便車。8I only just made it to my class我恰好到教室。make it 意為“成功了，做成了”。這里指的是沒(méi)有遲到，準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)。例如：Have you got the job? 你得到那份工作了嗎？Yes, I made it是的，我成功了。9Have you ever forgotten to bring your homework to school? 你曾忘了把作業(yè)帶到學(xué)校嗎？（1）辨析：forget to do 與forget doing forget to do 指的是“忘了去做”，即該事還未做；而forget doing 則指“忘了做了”，即該事已經(jīng)做完。例如：Dont forget to turn off lights when you go out出去時(shí)別忘了關(guān)燈。Sorry, I forgot to bring the books again對(duì)不起，我又忘了帶書(shū)來(lái)了。Lucy forgot locking the door露茜忘了已鎖了門了。Tom forgot turning off TV湯姆忘了關(guān)了電視了。（2）辨析：bring, takebring 意為“把拿來(lái)，取來(lái)”。即把某物從別處拿到說(shuō)話者所在地；take 意為“把拿走，取走”，即把某物從說(shuō)話者所在地拿到別處。例如：Please bring my English book here. 請(qǐng)把我的英語(yǔ)書(shū)拿到這兒來(lái)。You cant take these magazines home. 你不能把這些雜志拿回家。10What happened to David on April Fools Day? 愚人節(jié)那天，大衛(wèi)出什么事了嗎？（1）happen to sb. 意為“某人怎么了，發(fā)生在某人身上”。例如：What happened to you? 你怎么了？What happened to Jim? 吉姆出什么事了？（2）英語(yǔ)中表示節(jié)日時(shí)須注意以下幾點(diǎn)：表示“在節(jié)”用介詞on；表示節(jié)日的每個(gè)詞的首字母大寫；用day來(lái)表示“節(jié)”，且無(wú)冠詞；一般用復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格，如：Teachers Day 教師節(jié)，Childrens Day 兒童節(jié)，Womens Day 婦女節(jié)等；但也有用單數(shù)名詞所有格的，如：Mothers Day 母親節(jié)，F(xiàn)athers Day 父親節(jié)等。例如：Do you often go to parks on Childrens Day? 你們兒童節(jié)經(jīng)常去公園嗎？What do you usually do on New Years Day? 新年你們通常干什么？Do your friends play jokes on you on April Fools Day? 你的朋友愚人節(jié)跟你開(kāi)玩笑嗎？11Welles was so convincing that hundreds of people believed the story, and panic set off across the whole countryWelles 是如此地讓人信任，以致于成百上千的人都相信了這個(gè)故事，進(jìn)而激起了全國(guó)性的恐慌。（1）So that句型中，so后面應(yīng)加一個(gè)形容詞或副詞，意為“如此以至于” e.g. This book is so interesting that everyone in our class wants to read it這本書(shū)是如此的有趣以至于全班同學(xué)都想看看。（so形容詞）He ran so fast that I couldnt catch up with him他跑得那么快，以致于我跟不上他。（so副詞）Sothat引導(dǎo)的是表示結(jié)果的狀語(yǔ)從句，但不“一定要死套”“如此以至于”的模式來(lái)譯成漢語(yǔ)。e.g. It was so dark that he couldnt see the faces of his companions天太黑了，他不能看見(jiàn)同伴的臉。（2）so that 主要用來(lái)引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。其從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常和can，may，should等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用，而且主句和從句之間不使用逗號(hào)，意為“以便，使能夠”。e.g. They set out early so that they might arrive in time他們?cè)缭绲爻霭l(fā)以便按時(shí)到達(dá)。Lets take the front seats so that we may see more clearly我們坐在前排吧，以便可以看得更清楚。（3）set off 意為“出發(fā)，開(kāi)始；引爆；襯托”。例如：Theyll set off on a journey around the world他們將要出發(fā)環(huán)球旅行。Use blue eyeshadow to set off your green eyes用藍(lán)色眼影襯托你的綠眼睛。與set有關(guān)的其他詞組：set about sth“開(kāi)始，著手”。例如：I must set about my packing我必須開(kāi)始收拾行裝了。set sbagainst sb“使某人和某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、對(duì)抗”。例如：Set yourself against her跟她競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。set in 開(kāi)始 例如：The rainy season has set in雨季已開(kāi)始了。“set out” 出發(fā)，啟程 “set sth. out” 展示，陳列 例如：They set out at dawn他們?cè)诜鲿猿霭l(fā)。He sets out his ideas clearly in his essay他在這篇文章中明確地列出了他的觀點(diǎn)。set up“建立，設(shè)立”。例如：The memorial will be set up紀(jì)念碑要建成了。12because the spaghetti farmers in Italy had stopped growing spaghetti因?yàn)樯a(chǎn)意大利面條的農(nóng)民停止了生產(chǎn)。辨析：stop doing 與stop to do stop doing 指的是“停止做”，即不做了；而stop to do 則是指“停下來(lái)去做”，即停下來(lái)的目的是去做，也就是開(kāi)始做。例如：Stop talking, lets begin our class不要講話了，我們開(kāi)始上課。You are too fat and you must stop eating too much你太胖了，你不能吃那么多了。Please stop to listen to me請(qǐng)停下來(lái)聽(tīng)我說(shuō)。The mother stopped to look after her baby那位母親停下來(lái)去照顧她的小寶寶。13She was thrilled, because she really wanted to get married她震驚了，因?yàn)樗拇_想結(jié)婚。（1）thrill為動(dòng)詞“震顫，使激動(dòng)”，多用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be thrilled，表示“很感動(dòng)，受到震顫的”。例如：We were thrilled with joy我們高興極了。She was thrilled at the good news她聽(tīng)到那個(gè)好消息很興奮。（2）want在此為動(dòng)詞“想，想要”，其后可跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞不定式to do。例如：Do you want an icecream? 你想要個(gè)冰激凌嗎？I want some bread and milk我想要些面包和牛奶。Tom wants to learn to play Chinese chess湯姆想學(xué)下中國(guó)象棋。Does Lucy wants to learn to dance? 露茜想學(xué)跳舞嗎？（3）marry為動(dòng)詞“嫁，娶，結(jié)婚”。表示“嫁給某人”或“娶了某人”都可以用marry sb.。另外，詞組get married 意為“結(jié)婚”，但這是一個(gè)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，即它不能跟表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用。be married 也可以用來(lái)表示“結(jié)婚”，它是一個(gè)延續(xù)性詞組，可以與表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用。例如：John is going to marry Jane約翰要和簡(jiǎn)結(jié)婚了。Henry didnt marry until he was over fifty亨利直到過(guò)了50歲才結(jié)婚。When are you going to get married? 你準(zhǔn)備什么時(shí)候結(jié)婚？We have been married for ten years我們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚十年了。His uncle will get married next month他叔叔下個(gè)月結(jié)婚。五、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)1Past perfect Tense 過(guò)去完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：had過(guò)去分詞（had沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化）過(guò)去完成時(shí)可以表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。也就是說(shuō)發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。既然過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前，那么，使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)就必須先有這樣一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間。e.g. I had finished my homework before supper 我在晚飯前把作業(yè)做完了。句中的supper既是過(guò)去某一時(shí)間，而had finished 這一動(dòng)作就是在supper 之前完成的。如果只說(shuō)I had finished my homework聽(tīng)者會(huì)覺(jué)得難以理解。由此可見(jiàn)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)是個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)，它不能離開(kāi)過(guò)去的時(shí)間而獨(dú)立存在。e.g. By the end of that year Henry had collected more than one thousand foreign stamps 到那年年底，亨利已經(jīng)收集了一千多張外國(guó)郵票。（過(guò)去時(shí)間是the end of that year）e.g. When we got there, the football match had already started 當(dāng)我們到那里時(shí)，足球比賽已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。（過(guò)去時(shí)間是when從句）動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成與一般過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成相似，一般情況下在動(dòng)詞詞尾加ed,特殊動(dòng)詞須特殊記憶,如：havehadhad，getgotgotten，beginbeganbegun，leaveleftleft，gowentgone等。例如：She had learnt 2000 English words by the end of last month到上個(gè)月末，她已經(jīng)學(xué)了2000個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞了。I hadnt learnt Japanese before I went to Japan我去日本之前沒(méi)學(xué)過(guò)日語(yǔ)。注意：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的否定句和疑問(wèn)句直接通過(guò)had的變化即可。2when 和by the time引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句by the time 到時(shí)候?yàn)橹?，指從過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)到，從句所示的時(shí)間為止，這一時(shí)間段。when當(dāng)時(shí)候，指過(guò)去的某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)。從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句為過(guò)去完成時(shí)。e.g