2014年高考語(yǔ)法填空.doc

.2014年高考語(yǔ)法填空一（2014福建卷）第一節(jié)短文填詞（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分） 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)以下提示：1）漢語(yǔ)提示，2）首字母提示，3）語(yǔ)境提示，在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填人一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z(yǔ)單詞，所填單詞要求意義準(zhǔn)確，拼寫正確，并將該詞完整地寫在答題卡中相應(yīng)的橫線上。 Many of us were raised with the saying Waste not, want not.” None of us, (76) _h , can completely avoid waste in our lives. Any kind of waste is thoughtless. Whether we waste our potential talents, our own time, our limited natural(77) （資源）,our money, or other peoples time, each of us can become more aware and careful. The smallest good habits can make a big (78) _d . Its a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our(79)h in a world that is in serious trouble. By focusing on( 80) （節(jié)?。﹐il, water, paper, food, and clothing, we are playing a part (81) cutting down on waste. We must keep reminding (82) （白己）that it is easier to get into something (83) it is to get out of it. Actually, severe damage( 84)d _to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution. Its time for us to( 85)_no to waste so that our grandchildrens children will be able to develop well. We cant solve all the problems of waste, but we can encourage mindfulness.Waste not！76. 【答案】however 【試題解析】很多人都知道：勤儉節(jié)約，吃穿不愁。然而幾乎沒(méi)有人能夠做到不浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)句義可知上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以使用副詞However表示轉(zhuǎn)折，前后都需要使用符合隔開(kāi)。77. 【答案】resources 【試題解析】通常使用復(fù)數(shù)形式resources表示具體的資源，在本句中作為動(dòng)詞waste的賓語(yǔ)。78. 【答案】 difference 【試題解析】固定搭配make a difference起作用，有影響；小習(xí)慣會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大的作用和影響，所以我們一定要注意自己的一些微小的習(xí)慣，以避免浪費(fèi)。79. 【答案】best 【試題解析】固定搭配do ones best全力以赴，努力，盡最大的努力。80. 【答案】saving 【試題解析】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)focus on聚焦于；其中的on是介詞，后面要接動(dòng)名詞或者名詞作賓語(yǔ)。句義：通過(guò)聚焦節(jié)省石油，水，紙等，我們?cè)跍p少浪費(fèi)方面起著很大的作用。81. 【答案】in 【試題解析】考察固定搭配。Paly a part in在中起作用；本句告訴我們，通過(guò)節(jié)約，我們可以在減少浪費(fèi)方面起很大作用。82. 【答案】ourselves 【試題解析】本句中的反身代詞ourselves在句中作為remind的賓語(yǔ)，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。我們一定要提醒我們自己形成浪費(fèi)的習(xí)慣要比戒除這個(gè)習(xí)慣更容易。83. 【答案】than 【試題解析】 本句前面有形容詞比較級(jí)easier，說(shuō)明應(yīng)該使用than與之對(duì)應(yīng)。我們一定要提醒我們自己形成浪費(fèi)的習(xí)慣要比戒除這個(gè)習(xí)慣更容易。84. 【答案】 done 【試題解析】 固定搭配do damage to破壞；本句把名詞damage提前，后面的過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)done to our land作為定語(yǔ)修飾名詞gamage。85. 【答案】say 【試題解析】固定搭配say no to對(duì)說(shuō)不.；句義：是我們對(duì)浪費(fèi)說(shuō)不的時(shí)候了。二（2014廣東卷）閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為1625的相應(yīng)位置上。Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said_16_ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months_17_ （early）, but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18_（tell）that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, 19_ for the week after. I didnt understand 20_ this would happen. Whats worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22_（surprise）helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23_ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we werent charged extra.The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24_ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little_（sunburn），but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.16. 【答案】 it 【試題解析】考察代詞。在英語(yǔ)中通常使用it指代上文說(shuō)過(guò)的同一個(gè)事物，以避免重復(fù)。本句中的it就是指第一句里提及的Miami。句意：一些去過(guò)那里的朋友告訴我說(shuō)那是一個(gè)很理想的度假的地方。17. 【答案】 earlier 【試題解析】本句使用比較級(jí)，雖然沒(méi)有直接出現(xiàn)than等表示比較級(jí)的詞，根據(jù)上下文可知我們?cè)缭?個(gè)月前就預(yù)定好了賓館。18. 【答案】were told 【試題解析】本句是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)we和動(dòng)詞tell之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)文章第一句可知本文敘述的是我們?nèi)ツ甓燃俚氖虑椋允褂靡话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。19. 【答案】 but 【試題解析】句意：我們被告知我們的房間沒(méi)有被預(yù)定在這個(gè)星期，而是在下一個(gè)星期。本句中使用的是notbut不是而是的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)連接。20. 【答案】 why 【試題解析】本句是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。我不明白為什么會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事情，而且為了這次預(yù)定我的信用卡已經(jīng)被收費(fèi)了。名詞性從句的連詞的選擇主要通過(guò)上下文的語(yǔ)義實(shí)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)句意說(shuō)明使用why。21. 【答案】for 【試題解析】考察固定搭配chargefor因?yàn)槭召M(fèi)；其中的for表示目的。我的信用卡被收費(fèi)，是因?yàn)槲翌A(yù)定了這個(gè)房間。22. 【答案】 surprisingly 【試題解析】副詞surprisingly在句中做狀語(yǔ)，修飾形容詞helpful。本題要特別注意詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換，surprise可以作為名詞，也可以作為動(dòng)詞。句意：她是出人意料地樂(lè)于助人。23. 【答案】the 【試題解析】本句使用定冠詞the表示特指，特指她給了我們一個(gè)在頂樓上的VIP的套房。24. 【答案】where 【試題解析】本句是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是the beach，后面的定語(yǔ)從句we watched some people play volleyball.的句子結(jié)構(gòu)很完整，所以要使用關(guān)系副詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)橄刃性~是指地點(diǎn)的名詞，所以使用where。25. 【答案】sunburned/ sunburnt 【試題解析】本句考察的是過(guò)去分詞的一個(gè)特殊用法“get+過(guò)去分詞”表示被動(dòng)或者狀態(tài)。如“get paid/burnt”獲得報(bào)酬/被燙傷。前面的a little修飾sunburnt，指我們有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)曬傷了。四（2014湖南卷）We can choose our friends, but usually we cannot choose our neighbors. However, to get a happy home life, we have to get along with 48 as well as possible.An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for 49 . People should not do things 50 will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily. For example, television sets need not be played at full volume (音量） 51 loud pop music should not be played very late at night. By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors, you can enjoy 52 friendly relationship with them.An equally important quality is tolerance. Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people， 53 there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable. 54 neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their tolerance. In this way, everyone will live 55 peace.48. 【答案】them 【試題解析】考察上下文串聯(lián)。本句中的them就是指第一句中的neighbors。句義：我們可以選擇朋友，但是我們不能選擇鄰居。然而，為了幸福的家庭生活，我們不得不要和鄰居盡可能地好好相處。49. 【答案】others 【試題解析】考察代詞。Others其他人；句義：在鄰里相處方面一個(gè)很重要的品質(zhì)就是要為他人做考慮。Others是沒(méi)有范圍限制的其他人，本句中沒(méi)有提及范圍限制。50. 【答案】which/that 【試題解析】考察定語(yǔ)從句。本句是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是things，使用關(guān)系代詞that/which指代先行詞在句中做主語(yǔ)。句義：人們不應(yīng)該做一些打擾他們鄰居的事情。51. 【答案】and 【試題解析】考察句子結(jié)構(gòu)。本句是一個(gè)并列句。句義：訂書機(jī)不需要開(kāi)到最大的音量，吵鬧的音樂(lè)也不應(yīng)該在很晚的時(shí)候播放。本句中的兩句都是說(shuō)明我們不應(yīng)該做一些打擾鄰居的事情，所以使用and連接這兩個(gè)并列句。52. 【答案】 a 【試題解析】考察冠詞。本橫線后面的名詞relationship是一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞，使用a修飾表示泛指。句義：通過(guò)避免做這些讓鄰居難受的事情，你可以和鄰居有很好的關(guān)系。53. 【答案】 but 【試題解析】考察連詞辨析。句義：鄰居要做所有能做的事情來(lái)避免打擾他人，但是有時(shí)候一些打擾又是不可避免的。根據(jù)句義可知上下文之間存在著轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故使用but。54. 【答案】If/When 【試題解析】考察連詞辨析。句義：如果鄰居想要友好相處，他們就不得不表示出他們的容忍。本句可以使用if也可以使用when，在條件句或者時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，都可以使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。55. 【答案】 in 【試題解析】考察固定搭配in peace安靜，寧?kù)o；句義：通過(guò)這種方法，每個(gè)人都可以生活在安寧之中。五（2014遼寧卷） 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（不多于3個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Jonny: Hey! Im just practicing Tai Chi(太極). Would you like to join me?Peter: I know nothing about it. Is it difficult?Jonny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.Peter: OK. Dont laugh 61 me. I may look funny.Jonny: Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and 62 (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to keep your balance and dont let your body shake.Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become 63 (pain).Jonny: Keep 64 (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let 65 stay in the air for seconds.Peter: I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer.Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi 66 (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well 67 strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The 68 (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you!