外研英語必修1《Module 4 A Social SurveyGrammar》[李老師]市一等獎優(yōu)質(zhì)課

1、一、教材語句回顧,判斷黑體部分的時態(tài) 1.It has been six years since we last saw each other,you know. 時態(tài): 2.And this is the first time Ive visited your hometown. 時態(tài): 3.You know,Ive seen quite a lot of China and Ive visited some beautiful cities,but this is one of the most attractive places Ive been to. 時態(tài): 4.Yes,theyve

2、 just completed it. 時態(tài): 5.Theyve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. 時態(tài),現(xiàn)在完成時 Present perfect tense,現(xiàn)在完成時 Present perfect tense,現(xiàn)在完成時 Present perfect tense,現(xiàn)在完成時 Present perfect tense,現(xiàn)在完成時 Present perfect tense,Present perfect tense,現(xiàn)在完成時,I ve seen quite a lot of China. Ive visited some b

3、eautiful cities. Theyve just completed it. Theyve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. A friends told me about a nice little fish restaurant near here It has been six years since we last saw each other,you know,Look at these sentences,Form,Usage,1. An action completed in the past but connec

4、ted with the present situation,have/has done,GrammarPresent perfect tense 時態(tài):現(xiàn)在完成時構成:have/has+動詞的過去分詞 一、現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的響影。 He has lost his wallet.他丟了錢包。 用法:動作已結束,但是現(xiàn)在沒有錢花了。 She has read the book twice. 這本書她已經(jīng)讀了兩遍。 用法:twice表示次數(shù),常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用,Up to the present everything has been going well. 到目前為止,一切

5、進展順利。 用法:up to the present意為“到目前為止”,與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。 歸納:現(xiàn)在完成時往往同表示不確定的過去時間狀語連用,如:already,yet,just,before,recently,lately等,這種用法的動詞多為短暫動詞;還常與表示頻度的時間狀語如:often,ever,never,twice等連用;還可以同包括現(xiàn)在時間在內(nèi)的時間狀語如:now,up to now,so far,up to the present,till now,today等連用,I lost my pen yesterday. 我昨天丟了鋼筆。 （強調(diào)昨天的動作） I have lost

6、 my pen. 我把鋼筆丟了。（強調(diào)現(xiàn)在的結果） He worked in that hospital 8 years ago,我八年前在那家醫(yī)院工作。（單純指過去的動作,He has worked in that hospital for 8 years,他在醫(yī)院已經(jīng)工作了八年了。（強調(diào)動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn) 在,考點延伸 1)現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別 I wont go to see the film,because I have already seen it. 我不會去看那部電影,因為我已經(jīng)看過了。 I saw a film last week. 上周我看了一部電影。 歸納:現(xiàn)在完成時

7、表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響,強調(diào)現(xiàn)在的情況,不與過去時間狀語連用;一般過去時只表示過去的動作或狀態(tài),與現(xiàn)在沒有關系,與過去時間狀語連用。 2)句型:This/That/It is the+序數(shù)詞+time+從句 This is the first time I have won in the game. 這是我在游戲中第一次獲勝。 歸納:句型中從句中用現(xiàn)在完成時,1 And youve lived here all your life 2 Ive worked for it for four years now. 3 weve started a holiday club for chil

8、dren 4 A lot of children have joined it,Look at these sentences from the passage. Decide which sentences A describe events that continue over a period of time B describe events that happen at a particular point of time,A,A,B,B,A verbs to describe events that continue over a period of time B verbs to

9、 describe events that happen at a particular point of time Borrow buy give know leave live open put remain send stay,Put the words into two groups,A,B,Usage,2. An action begins in the past and still continues,二、現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(可能還會繼續(xù)下去,也可能剛剛結束) His brother has worked in this factory since 19

10、90. 他哥哥從1990年以來就在這家工廠工作。 考點延伸 1)閱讀下列句子,指出與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的時間狀語及意義 It has been three years since I began to live on the farm. 自從我在農(nóng)場居住以來已經(jīng)三年了。 時間狀語:since引導的時間狀語從句意義:自從以來 He left home two weeks ago and we havent heard from him since then/ever since. 他兩星期以前離開了家,到現(xiàn)在我們一直沒有他的消息。 時間狀語:since then/ever since意義:從那時以來

11、,We havent had a vacation for a long time. 我們好久沒放假了。 時間狀語:for a long time意義:很長一段時間 What have you been busy with these days? 這些天來你忙什么呢? 時間狀語:these days意義:這些天來 歸納:這種用法與表示一段時間的狀語如:for.,since.,these days,in/over the past 10 years,this year等連用。since后跟過去的時間點,since引導的時間狀語從句中用一般過去時;for后跟時間段,2)句型:It is/has b

12、een+時間段+since. It has been half a year since I saw you last. 自從上次我見到你以來時間過了半年了。 3)短暫動詞如:arrive,begin,borrow,buy,come,die,join,leave,finish等不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用,如與時間段連用,須用相應的持續(xù)性動詞如:be,have,keep等。 I bought the new car a month ago. =I have kept/had the new car for a month. 我買這輛新車已經(jīng)有一個月了,答案:1)have tried/have

13、been trying2)has increased,3)In order to find the missing child,villagers (do) all that they can over the past five hours. 4)I remember you were a talented pianist at college.Can you play the piano for me? Sorry,I (not play) the piano for years. 5)The manager (tell) the workers how to improve the program since 9 am. 6)The lift (break down),so I have to walk upstairs,答案: 3)have done4)havent played5)has told6)has broken down,一、現(xiàn)在完成時的基本概念 現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作發(fā)生在過去，強調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在有關，屬于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。 二、現(xiàn)在完成時的構成,today,Present perfect tense time expressions,this week,this mo