[專業(yè)英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料]專業(yè)八級分類模擬291

1、專業(yè)英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料專業(yè)八級分類模擬291專業(yè)英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料專業(yè)八級分類模擬291專業(yè)八級分類模擬291LANGUAGE USAGE A broad public discussion of environmental problems began in the mid-1980s, when the first green groups formed in opposition to Erevans intense industrial air pollution and to nuclear power generation in wake of the 1986 reactor exp

2、losion at Chernobyl. 1 Environmental issues helped form the basis of the nationalist independence movement when environmental demonstrations subsequently merged with these for other political causes in the 2 late 1980s. In independent Armenia, environmental issues divide society into those who fear

3、of environmental time bombs and those who 3 view resumption of pollution-prone industrial operations as the only mean of improving the countrys economy. In the early 1990s, the 4 latter group blamed Armenias economic woes on a role played by 5 the former in closing major industries. In 1994 three na

4、tional environmental laws were in effect: the Law on Environmental Protection, the Basic Law on the Environment, and the Law on Mineral Resources. The Council of Ministers, Armenias cabinet, includes a minister of the environment. Therefore, no comprehensive environmental protection 6 program has em

5、erged, and decisions on environmental policy have been made on an ad hoc basis. Environmental conditions in Armenia have been worsened by the Azerbaijani blockade of supplies and electricity from outside. The results of the blockade and the failure of diplomatic efforts to lift it led the government

6、 propose reconstruction of the Armenian Atomic 7 Power Station at Metsamor, which was closed after the 1988 earthquake because of its location in an earthquake-prone area and what had the same safety problems as reactors listed as dangerous in 8 Bulgaria, Russia, and Slovakia. After heating debates

7、over startup 9 continued through 1993, French and Russian nuclear consultants declared operating conditions basically safe. Continuation of the blockade into 1994 gave added emergency to the decision. 10 1.答案:wakethe解析 固定搭配中的冠詞缺失。in the wake of為固定短語，意思是“隨著而來，作為的結(jié)果”，故在wake前加上定冠詞the。2.答案:thesethose解析

8、代詞誤用。指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示“那些”時通常用those，而非these，故將these改為those。3.答案:ofof解析 介詞冗余。fear為及物動詞，其后直接跟賓語，故將介詞of去掉。4.答案:meanmeans解析 詞義混淆。means為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，意思是“方法，手段”，而mean作名詞時，意思是“平均值”。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)將mean改為means。5.答案:athe解析 冠詞誤用。該處role被后置定語played by the former in closing major industries修飾，可見其為特指，故將不定冠詞a改為定冠詞the。6.答案:ThereforeHoweve

9、r解析 銜接副詞誤用。該處銜接副詞前后句的意思分別是“亞美尼亞的內(nèi)閣中有環(huán)保部長”和“沒有綜合的環(huán)保項目出現(xiàn)”，這兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，而此處銜接副詞后面有逗號，故將Therefore改為However。7.答案:proposeto解析 動詞不定式符號to的缺失。該句中l(wèi)ed為lead的過去式。lead sb. to do sth. 為固定用法，意思是“導(dǎo)致做”，故在propose前加上動詞不定式符號to。8.答案:whatwhich解析 關(guān)系代詞誤用。該句為定語從句，與and前面由which引導(dǎo)的定語從句并列，先行詞同為the Armenian Atomic Power Station at

10、Metsamor，故將what改為which。9.答案:heatingheated解析 詞義混淆。heating的意思是“加熱的，供熱的”，heated的意思是“激昂的，激烈的”，這里用來修飾名詞debates，應(yīng)該用后者，故將heating改為heated。10.答案:emergencyurgency解析 詞義混淆。emergency的意思是“突發(fā)情況”，urgency的意思是“緊急事件，緊迫性”，根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)該表示“緊迫性”，故將emergency改為urgency。 Are you considering traveling to a native English speaking

11、country to improve your English languages skills at a language school in the USA? Learning a foreign language can be helpful in your career. Nowadays many companies offer on-site assignments abroad but then it is always better to know the language 11 of the country you are traveling. 12 Staying abro

12、ad also becomes easier with the knowledge of the local language in day to day life. You can easily converse with people if you need information about food, hotels, calling cards, sightseeing, etc. However, it is always advisable to learn at 13 most one foreign language. 14 America established itself

13、 as a mind-blowing continent where dreams and fantasies transpire and elevate, while offer outstanding 15 opportunities to learn the English language. Figures taken from the 2002 census indicates that 82.1% of citizens in the USA speak 16 English only. Not only is the USA overflowing with adventure,

14、 but consider how it accelerates the economic markets. Why not to learn 17 a foreign language in our English classes and discover how this metropolis of leading stock markets makes the world go round. The USA is brimming with English language schools of excellent quality of their English classes and

15、 services from state to state, with a 18 friendly face waiting to welcome you and teach you English 19 Language. Consider the complexity of everything the USA offers; from the sun splashed beaches of the Pacific or Atlantic Ocean wit crystal clear waters, to the soaring Rocky Mountain Range, encount

16、er all of this while being immerse in the sea of multiculturalism when 20 choosing the USA as your destination to improve your English language skills. 11.答案:butand解析 連詞誤用。該處連詞前后句的意思分別是“現(xiàn)在很多公司提供去國外學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)?shù)卣Z言的課程”和“了解你要去的國家的語言會更好”。這兩句話的邏輯關(guān)系是順承，而不是轉(zhuǎn)折，故將but改為and。12.答案:travelingto解析 介詞缺失。travel是不及物動詞，其后需加上介詞

17、to才能接賓語，故在traveling后加上to。13.答案:HoweverTherefore解析 銜接副詞誤用。該處銜接副詞前后句的意思分別是“如果你想了解有關(guān)食品、酒店、電話卡、旅游觀光等方面的信息，你可以輕松地與外國人交流”和“至少學(xué)習(xí)一門外語是可取的”。這兩句話在邏輯上是因果關(guān)系，且銜接副詞后有逗號，故將However-改為Therefore。14.答案:mostleast解析 語義錯誤。通過上下文語境可知，該處句意為“至少學(xué)習(xí)一門外語是可取的”。at least是“至少”，而at most是“至多”，故將。most改為least。15.答案:offeroffering解析 動詞形式錯

18、誤。這里while的意思是“同時，當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”，其后為省略了主語和be動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，故將offer改為offering。16.答案:indicatesindicate解析 主謂不一致。該句的主語為figures“數(shù)字，數(shù)據(jù)”，其為復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動詞也應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故將indicates改為indicate。17.答案:toto解析 動詞不定式符號to冗余。why not do sth. 是表示建議的句型，意思是“為什么不”，not后接動詞原形，故將動詞不定式符號to去掉。18.答案:theirits解析 代詞誤用。該句的主語為the USA，其為單數(shù)形式，物主代詞應(yīng)該用its，故將the

19、ir改為its。19.答案:Englisththe解析 冠詞缺失。English單獨使用時，意思是“英語”，為專有名詞，前面不加冠詞。但是當(dāng)其后有l(wèi)anguage時，其為形容詞，修飾后面的名詞language，應(yīng)該用the來限定，故前面加上定冠詞the。20.答案:thea解析 冠詞誤用。in a sea of.的意思是“在的海洋中”，表示泛指，故將the改為不定冠詞a。 To a comparative educationalist many questions about the selection and training of doctors and lawyers in differ

20、ent countries are questions almost without meaning. Asking whether European schools are better than schools in the United States are like asking a 21 comparative anatomist whether a whale is a better mammal than an elephant. The comparative anatomist is interested in examining the similarities and d

21、ifferences to be found in animal or plant organs which carry on the same function; he is very cautious, 22 therefore, about proclaiming the virtues of a device found in one 23 particular species over a device for a similar purpose found in other. 24 Of course, the anatomist knows that mammals are mo

22、dified ony slowly by changes in environment; like schools or colleges, no man- 25 made decisions will radically alter the structure of the functioning organism he is examining. Some will argue that this damages my analog; they may claim that the essence of human organizations lies in the fact consci

23、ous 26 acts of men and women can change them, and as history shows, overnight if need be. But wait a moment, the student of the comparative anatomy of schools will say, not overnight surely, except at the point of a bayonet or in our time under the shadow of armored vehicles and tanks. And such chan

24、ges, he will argue, are the equivalent of pathological alterations. 27 History shows that, except in conditions of threat brought about 28 by external forces, schools and colleges have developed gradually in different parts of the world in response to variety of different 29 conditions. They are a p

25、roduct of the society they serve for and they 30 also influence the future of this society. 21.答案:第二個areis解析 主謂不一致。該句的主語為Asking.，其為動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)，視為單數(shù)，謂語動詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式，故將are改為is。22.答案:onout解析 介詞誤用。carry out的意思是“實現(xiàn)，完成，執(zhí)行”，而carry on的意思是“從事，繼續(xù)進(jìn)行”，根據(jù)后面出現(xiàn)的名詞function，可知短語carry out符合句意，故將on改為out。23.答案:thereforehowever解析

26、 銜接副詞誤用。根據(jù)上文中的interested in和下文中的cautious可知，此處應(yīng)用一個表示轉(zhuǎn)折的銜接詞，且其前后均有逗號，故將therefore改為however。24.答案:otheranother解析 代詞誤用。another的意思是“又一個，另一個”，而other表示“(兩個中的)另一個”，文中并沒有給出限定范圍，故將代詞other改為another。25.答案:likeunlike解析 語義錯誤。根據(jù)上文提到的mammals are modified only slowly by changes in environment“哺乳動物的緩慢演變只受到環(huán)境變化的影響”可知，該

27、處句意是“與學(xué)校不同，解剖學(xué)家所研究的機(jī)體并不受人為因素的影響”。此處指生物和學(xué)校并不一樣，故將like改為unlike。26.答案:factthat解析 從句引導(dǎo)詞缺失。fact后面為同位語從句，應(yīng)該由that來引導(dǎo)，故在fact后加上that。27.答案:equivalentequivalens解析 名詞單復(fù)數(shù)錯誤。由于前面的主語changes及系動詞are均為復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面的表語也應(yīng)該為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故將equivalent改為equivalents。28.答案:inunder解析 固定搭配中的介詞誤用。under conditions of為固定搭配，意思是“在的情況下”，故將介詞in改為

28、under。29.答案:varietya解析 冠詞缺失。a variety of是固定搭配，意思是“各種各樣的”，故在variety前面加上不定冠詞a。30.答案:forfor解析 介詞冗余。serve為及物動詞，其后不需接介詞，故將for去掉。 The United States is considered a multilingual country but it has never employed an official language policy. Even though English is clearly the dominant language, a variety of

29、 indigenous and immigrant languages are also spoken. The framers of the Constitution purposefully decided not to select an official language because of present linguistic diversity; however, due to the German 31 communitys active involvement in the Revolution, the Continental Congress published many

30、 documents in German to facilitate communication. Ultimately, the official language was never 32 specified in the U. S. Constitution. Proponents of bilingual education felt that poor academic achievement in certain students was attributed in part to insufficient 33 English instruction. They believed

31、 that because language-minority 34 students were taught some subjects in their native tongue, then these students could potentially learn English by sacrificing the 35 content. Critics of bilingual education argue that this approach of instruction facilitates native language dependency and ultimatel

32、y deters their progress in English language acquisition. Bilingual advocates counter this argument in stating that bilingual instruction looks at deeper issues of cultural difference and prevents the sort of alienation often empowering in English only mandates. 36 The issue of bilingual education is

33、 both complicated and controversial. The range of programs, as well as the different meanings in different states, complicate the debate. The debate 37 continues and all sides offer research and studies that are 38 diametrically opposed to one another. In 1998, California voters overwhelmingly approved Proposition 227, an initiative that basically in attempts to eliminate bilingual education from its public 39 schools. The state of Arizona has mustered a different sentiment and 40 Mayor Giuli