詩(shī)篇46篇英文注釋Psalm464CommentariesThereisariverwhosestreamsmakegladthecityofGod,Th

1、詩(shī)篇 46 篇 英文注釋 Psalm 464 Commentaries There is a river whose streams make glad the city of God, The holEXPOSITORY (ENGLISH BIBLE)Ellicotts Commentaryfor English Readers(4) A river .Heb., n a har, i.e., a perennial stream, as distinguished from n , a torrechaed dry except in the rainy season. Plainly,

2、then, the“ Cedron ” is not here alludto. But many commentators think“ Siloam ” is intended. (SeeStanley, Sinai and Palestine, p. 180, and comp. Isaiah 12:3;Ezekiel 47:1-5; John 7:37.)There may not, however, be any such local allusion. The river, flowing calmly and smoothly along, may be only a symbo

3、l of the peace and blessing of the Divine presence, as the tumult and tempest of the sea in the last verse are of the world s noisy troubles. IndeeeLdX,Xt.h(comp.Prayer Book version) seems to connect the river of this verse with the waters of the preceding.Streams.See Note on Psalm 1:3, where the sa

4、me word occurs.MacLarens ExpositionsPsalmsTHE CITY AND RIVER OF GODPsalm 46:4 - Psalm 46:7. There are two remarkable events in the history of Israel, one or other of which most probably supplied the historical basis upon which this psalm rests. One is that wonderful deliverance of the armies of Jeho

5、shaphat from theattacking forces of the bordering nations, which is recorded in the twentieth chapter of the Book of Chronicles. There you will find that, by a singular arrangement, the sons of Korah, members of the priestly order, were not only in the van of the battle, but celebrated the victory b

6、y hymns of gladness. It is possible that this may be one of those hymns; but I think rather that the more ordinary reference is the correct one, which sees in this psalm and in the two succeeding ones, echoes of that supernatural deliverance of Israel in the time of Hezekiah, when The Assyrian came

7、down like a wolf on the fold,andSennacherib and all his army were, by the blast of the breath of His nostrils, swept into swift destruction. The reasons for that historical reference may be briefly stated. We find, for instance, a number of remarkable correspondences between these three psalms and p

8、ortions of the Book of the prophet Isaiah, who, as we know, lived in the period of that deliverance. The comparison, for example, which is here drawn with such lofty, poetic force between the quiet river which makes glad the cityof God, and the tumultuous billows of the troubled sea, which shakes th

9、e mountain and moves the earth, is drawn by Isaiah in regard to the Assyrian invasion, when he speaks of Israel refusing the waotfeSrshiloah, which go softly, and, therefore,having brought upon them the waters of the river-the power of Assyria- which shall fill the breadth of Thy land, O Immanuel! N

10、otice, too, that the very same consolation which was given to Isaiah, by the revelation of that significant appellation, Immanuel, God with us, appears in this psalm as a kind ofrefrain, and is the foundation of all its confident gladness,Lord of Hosts is with us. Besides these obvious parallelisms,

11、there are others to which I need not refer, which, taken together, seem to render it at least probable that we have in this psalm the devotional echo of the great deliverance of Israel from Assyria in the time of Hezekiah. Now, these verses are the cardinal central portion of the song. We may call t

12、hem The Hymn of the Defence and Deliverance of the City of God. We cannot expect to find in poetry the same kind of logical accuracy in the process of thought which we require in treatises; but the lofty emotion of devout song obeys laws of its own: and it is well to surrender ourselves to the flow,

13、 and to try to see with the Psalmist for a moment his sources of consolation and strength. I take the four points which seem to be the main turning-points of these verses-first, the gladdening river; second, the indwelling Helper; third, the conquering voice; and fourth, the alliance of ourselves by

14、 faith with the safe dwellers in the city of God.I. First, wehave the gladdening river-an emblem of many great and joyous truths. The figure is occasioned by, or at all events derives much of its significance from, a geographical peculiarity of Jerusalem. Alone among the great cities and historical

15、centres of the world, it stood upon no broad river. One little perennial stream, or rather rill of living water, was all which it had; but Siloam was mightier and more blessed for the dwellers in the rocky fortress of the Jebusites than the Euphrates, Nile, or Tiber for the historical cities which s

16、tood upon their banks. One can see the Psalmist looking over the plain eastward, and beholding in vision the mighty forces which came against them, symbolised and expressed by the breadth and depth and swiftness of the great river upon which Nineveh sat as a queen, and then thinking upon the little

17、tiny thread of living water that flowed past the base of the rock upon which the temple was perched. It seems small and unconspicuous-nothing compared to the dash of the waves and the rise of the floods of those mighty secular empires, still, There is a rivrear mthsewsthereof shall makeglad the city

18、 of God. Its waters shall never fail, and thirst shallflee whithersoever this river comes. It is also to be remembered that the psalm is running in the track of a certain constant symbolism that pervades all Scripture. From the first book ofGenesis down to the last chapter of Revelation, you can hea

19、r the dashing of the waters of the river. It went out from the garden and parted into four heads. Thou makest them drink of theriver of Thy pleasures. Behisoslude, dwaotuetrfsrom underthe threshold of the house eastward, and everything shall livwhithersoever the river cometh. He that believeth on me

20、, outof His belly shall flow rivers of living water. And he sme a pure river of water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb. Isaiah, who has alreadyafforded some remarkable parallels to the words of our psalm, gives another very striking one to the image now

21、under consideration, when he says,The gloriolul bseLourndtowui sa place of broad rivers and streams, wherein shall go no galley with oars. The picture in that metaphor is of a stream lying round Jerusalem, like the moated rivers which girdle some of the cities in the plains of Italy, and are the def

22、ence of those who dwell enclosed in their flashing links. Guided, then, by the physical peculiarity of situation which I have referred to, and by the constant meaning of Scriptural symbolism, I think we must conclude that this river,the streams whleardeothf emcaiktye gof God, is God Himself in the o

23、utflow and se-clfommunication of His own grace to the soul. The stream is the fountain in flow.The gift of God, which is living water, is God Himself, considered as the ever-imparting Source of all refreshment, of all strength, of all blessedness.This spake He of the Spirit,which they that believe s

24、hould receive. We must dwell for a moment or two still further upon these words, and mark how this metaphor, in a most simple and natural way, sets forth very grand and blessed spiritual truths with regard to this communication of God s grace to them that love Him and trust Him. First, I think we ma

25、y see here a very beautiful suggestion of the manner, and then of the variety, and then of the effects of that communication of the divine love and grace. We have only to read the previous verses to see what I mean.God is ourrefuge and strength, a very present help in trouble. Therefore will not we

26、fear, though the earth be removed, and though the mountains be carried into the midst of the sea; though the waters thereof roar and be troubled, though the mountains shake with the swelling thereof. There you can hear the wild wavesdashing round the base of the firm hills, sapping their strength, a

27、nd toppling their crests down in the bubbling, yeasty foam.Remember how, not only in Scripture but in all poetry, the sea has been the emblem of endless unrest. Its waters, those barren, wandering fields of foam, going moaning round the world withunprofitable labour, how they have been the emblem of

28、 unbridled power, of tumult and strife, and anarchy and rebellion! Then mark how our text brings into sharpest contrast with all that hurly-burly of the tempest, and the dash and roar of the troubled waters, the gentle, quiet flow of t he river, the streamswhereof make glad the city of God; the tran

29、slucent little ripplespurling along beds of golden pebbles, and the enamelled meadows drinking the pure stream as it steals by them. Thus, says our psalm, not with noise, not with tumult, not with conspicuous and destructive energy, but in silent, secret underground communication, Gods grace, God s

30、love, Hispeace, His power, His almighty and gentle Self flow into men souls. Quietness and confidence on our sides correspond to the quietness and serenity with which He glides into the heart.Instead of all the noise of the sea you have within the quiet impartations of the voice that is still and sm

31、all, wherein God dwells. The extremest power is silent. The mightiest force in all the universe is the force which has neither speech nor language. The parent of all physical force, as astronomers seem to be more and more teaching us, is the great central sun which moveth all things, which operates

32、all physical changes, whose beams are all but omnipotent, and yet fall so quietly that they do not disturbliterally,s householAll thesethe motes that dance in their path. Thunder and lightning are child s play compared with the energy that goes to make the falling dews and quiet rains. The power of

33、the sunshine is the root power of all force which works in material things. And so we turn, with the symbol in our hands, to the throne of God, and when He says, Not by might, nor by power, but by My Spirit, we are aware of an energy, the signature of whose might is its quietness, which is omnipoten

34、t because it is gentle and silent. The seas may roar and be troubled, the tiny thread of the river is mightier than them all. And then, still further, in this first part of our text there is also set forth very distinctly the number and the vari ety of the gifts of God. The streams whereof,divisions

35、 whereof, -that isto say, going back to Eastern ideas, the broad river is broken up into canals that are led off into every man s little bit of garden ground; coming down to modern ideas, the water is carried by pipes into every man and chamber. The stream has its divisions; listen to words that are

36、 a commentary upon the meaning of this verse, worketh that one and the selfsame Spirit, dividing unto every man severally as He will -an infinite variety, an endless diversity, according to all the petty wants of each that is supplied thereby. As you can divide water all but infinitely, and it will

37、take theshape of every containing vessel, so into every soul according to its capacities, according to its shape, according to its needs, this great gift, this blessed presence of the God of our strength, will come. The varieties of His gifts are as much the mark of His omnipotence as the gentleness

38、 and stillness of them. And then I need only touch upon the last thought, the effects of this communicated God. The streams make-gwlaitdh the gladness which comes from refreshment, with the gladness which comes from the satisfying of all thirsty desires, with the gladness which comes from the contac

39、t of the spirit with absolute completeness; of the will, with perfect authority; of the heart, with changeless love; of the understanding, with pure incarnate truth; of the conscience, with infinite peace; of the child, with the Father; of my emptiness, with His fulness; of my changeableness, with His immutability; of my incompleteness, with His perfectness. They to whom this stream passes shall know no thirst; they who possess it from th