連續(xù)介質(zhì)學(xué)外語詞

1、連續(xù)介質(zhì)力學(xué)流體動力學(xué) fluid dynamics yAL連續(xù)介質(zhì)力學(xué) mechanics of continuous media ;介質(zhì) medium j流體質(zhì)點 fluid particle F&e無粘性流體 nonviscous fluid, inviscid ( fluid qU連續(xù)介質(zhì)假設(shè) continuous medium hypothesis QoZ流體運動學(xué) fluid kinematics L=o(水靜力學(xué) hydrostatics !py液體靜力學(xué) hydrostatics ,Gz支配方程 governing equation .#1rEm伯努利方程 Bernoulli

2、equation Qe4Pu伯努利定理 Bernonlli theorem WXW畢奧-薩伐爾定律 Biot-Savart lawyv-D0歐拉方程 Euler equation ?亥姆霍茲定理 Helmholtz theorem /va開爾文定理 Kelvin theorem fiZKbH渦片 vortex sheet s庫塔-茹可夫斯基條件 Kutta-Zhoukowski condition Za-n布拉休斯解 Blasius solution |gCbE達朗貝爾佯廖 dAlembert paradox O雷諾數(shù) Reynolds number T施特魯哈爾數(shù) Strouhal numb

3、er X隨體導(dǎo)數(shù) material derivative 0Z?+-不可壓縮流體 incompressible fluid WE0(8質(zhì)量守恒 conservation of mass )N動量守恒 conservation of momentum XAD)E能量守恒 conservation of energy j%動量方程 momentum equation 1u能量方程 energy equation D,X控制體積 control volume F!液體靜壓 hydrostatic pressure 1&渦量擬能 enstrophy q壓差 differential pressure

4、h5流動 flow G%B5流線 stream line ?h流面 stream surface SsAr流管 stream tube 0sWz$跡線 path, path line PVv?+流場 flow field d流態(tài) flow regime #U流動參量 flow parameter YPw9M流量 flow rate, flow discharge K6?P渦旋 vortex v(:Fi渦量 vorticity Du#渦絲 vortex filament 4qC渦線 vortex line +l渦管 vortex tube i(ZC渦街 vortex street bq卡門渦街

5、Karman vortex street Gm馬蹄渦 horseshoe vortex #X/J對流渦胞 convective cell t卷筒渦胞 roll cell )RAy渦 eddy gS#/i渦粘性 eddy viscosity Ra=YKI環(huán)流 circulation i環(huán)量 circulation O*K)速度環(huán)量 velocity circulation *_i=0D偶極子 doublet, dipole D駐點 stagnation point +_:u總壓力 total pressure C總壓頭 total head 靜壓頭 static head ;)O總焓 total

6、 enthalpy 14wVC能量輸運 energy transport _速度剖面 velocity profile Z(ZaJ庫埃特流 Couette flow 單相流 single phase flow k$Xi單組份流 single-component flow Q均勻流 uniform flow nDPt非均勻流 nonuniform flow wDmB二維流 two-dimensional flow RS!d三維流 three-dimensional flow $Pu&u準定常流 quasi-steady flow |5X非定常流 unsteady flow, non-steady

7、 flow 9暫態(tài)流 transient flow ;sH周期流 periodic flow vE振蕩流 oscillatory flow 5(|;不可壓縮性 incompressibility w不可壓縮流動 incompressible flow 49浮體 floating body QU定傾中心 metacenter y!bi/阻力 drag, resistance Ne=減阻 drag reduction e,表面力 surface force 10:s表面張力 surface tension (C毛細管作用 capillarity oIv來流 incoming flow 3自由流 f

8、ree stream _,)u自由流線 free stream line b2dC外流 external flow 2W進口 entrance, inlet #Zi!出口 exit, outlet zuW%擾動 disturbance, perturbation 9分布 distribution u)eY傳播 propagation 6N色散 dispersion #Y2R彌散 dispersion 附加質(zhì)量 added mass ,associated mass |Z|YSu收縮 contraction $52ZJ鏡象法 image method 7&SW無量綱參數(shù) dimensionles

9、s parameter -幾何相似 geometric similarity ?BN運動相似 kinematic similarity c-r1L動力相似性 dynamic similarity 8平面流 plane flow hiL)勢 potential g勢流 potential flow -Ko5速度勢 velocity potential *復(fù)勢 complex potential v 5復(fù)速度 complex velocity Q2f;流函數(shù) stream function u源 source 匯 sink 33YP$速度水頭 velocity head 6AX拐角流 corner

10、 flow 8V7$空泡流 cavity flow DjU超空泡 supercavity o_3p超空泡流 supercavity flow ce空氣動力學(xué) aerodynamics 7 低速空氣動力學(xué) low-speed aerodynamics zYlT#高速空氣動力學(xué) high-speed aerodynamics cQi.氣動熱力學(xué) aerothermodynamics c s$V%亞聲速流動 subsonic flow bGA跨聲速流動 transonic flow Q$5ON超聲速流動 supersonic flow QVn W錐形流 conical flow 楔流 wedge f

11、low M/葉柵流 cascade flow HM非平衡流動 non-equilibrium flow %K細長體 slender body bKF細長度 slenderness c( (o鈍頭體 bluff body Yf=鈍體 blunt body ;P_b翼型 airfoil GZ&翼弦 chord A6*Io薄翼理論 thin-airfoil theory :構(gòu)型 configuration #%aF后緣 trailing edge m迎角 angle of attack vg失速 stall v9;Ds脫體激波 detached shock wave deF U波阻 wave dra

12、g Ey*)V誘導(dǎo)阻力 induced drag X|S7m誘導(dǎo)速度 induced velocity n/ATy臨界雷諾數(shù) critical Reynolds number #J前緣渦 leading edge vortex ZJwj附著渦 bound vortex l3約束渦 confined vortex Fm5氣動中心 aerodynamic center f,氣動力 aerodynamic force o2氣動噪聲 aerodynamic noise Fo氣動加熱 aerodynamic heating TUbMh離解 dissociation (h地面效應(yīng) ground effec

13、t e)氣體動力學(xué) gas dynamics #dv49$稀疏波 rarefaction wave $熱狀態(tài)方程 thermal equation of state j3zv噴管 Nozzle L普朗特-邁耶流 Prandtl-Meyer flow瑞利流 Rayleigh flow kDDa可壓縮流動 compressible flow ze可壓縮流體 compressible fluid o絕熱流 adiabatic flow P非絕熱流 diabatic flow !K=未擾動流 undisturbed flow a等熵流 isentropic flow dhF勻熵流 homoentrop

14、ic flow !出口壓力 exit pressure A超壓強 over pressure i74pb,反壓 back pressure u4爆炸 explosion 3爆轟 detonation ep緩燃 deflagration )?lH/水動力學(xué) hydrodynamics tdw液體動力學(xué) hydrodynamics 3p泰勒不穩(wěn)定性 Taylor instability 蓋斯特納波 Gerstner wave lqv斯托克斯波 Stokes wave u52瑞利數(shù) Rayleigh number kCARHl自由面 free surface vGVhd波速 wave speed,

15、wave velocity (波高 wave height k 水動力噪聲 hydrodynamic noise |!水擊 water hammer R|K空化 cavitation 4空化數(shù) cavitation number mS7s空蝕 cavitation damage CLouA超空化流 supercavitating flow H水翼 hydrofoil M水力學(xué) hydraulics irW/洪水波 flood wave XH漣漪 ripple 5GR消能 energy dissipation 1ei海洋水動力學(xué) marine hydrodynamics F謝齊公式 Chezy

16、formula )R歐拉數(shù) Euler number m弗勞德數(shù) Froude number z7V!8s泊肅葉流 Poiseuille flow (/oC奧辛流 Oseen flow )HL剪切流 shear flow wpi粘性流動 viscous flow -層流 laminar flow XMt分離流 separated flow Q=zz二次流 secondary flow g近場流 near field flow z 遠場流 far field flow *=A滯止流 stagnation flow ?YFl尾流 wake flow Z5D0co回流 back flow ZC+反流

17、 reverse flow lAJ?射流 jet ,!自由射流 free jet snIoV管流 pipe flow, tube flow )Ey內(nèi)流 internal flow #擬序結(jié)構(gòu) coherent structure L2猝發(fā)過程 bursting process 5x.#表觀粘度 apparent viscosity k?)運動粘性 kinematic viscosity SC-A厘沱 centistoke ir剪切層 shear layer 2次層 sublayer 1R流動分離 flow separation 90層流分離 laminar separation MMW湍流分離

18、 turbulent separation W分離點 separation point e|&%Q附著點 attachment point Rm再附 reattachment 6K&%#再層流化 relaminarization NT9s起動渦 starting vortex ;lZX駐渦 standing vortex O S渦旋破碎 vortex breakdown zL:,&*渦旋脫落 vortex shedding pHo壓力降 pressure drop g+o.M.壓差阻力 pressure drag a壓力能 pressure energy I1型阻 profile drag +

19、%vbgL滑移速度 slip velocity *?V6E無滑移條件 non-slip condition BKq$Rd壁剪應(yīng)力 skin friction, frictional drag cT|Wy+液體動力潤滑 hydrodynamic lubrication k!+,m漿體 slurry juH泰勒數(shù) Taylor number p=4納維-斯托克斯方程 Navier-Stokes equationgv牛頓流體 Newtonian fluid Q邊界層理論 boundary later theory L=m邊界層方程 boundary layer equation r+x+=*邊界層

20、boundary layer r附面層 boundary layer C層流邊界層 laminar boundary layer jMK湍流邊界層 turbulent boundary layer 7T溫度邊界層 thermal boundary layer 5C8cFI邊界層轉(zhuǎn)捩 boundary layer transition 7x邊界層分離 boundary layer separation G邊界層厚度 boundary layer thickness &Jk)位移厚度 displacement thickness #動量厚度 momentum thickness 4SJxc能量厚度

21、 energy thickness xL2焓厚度 enthalpy thickness IGK/ot注入 injection dn6吸出 suction $wa泰勒渦 Taylor vortex 0_fpsF速度虧損律 velocity defect law Kq9?形狀因子 shape factor 8測速法 anemometry 3U粘度測定法 viscosi metry n3G流動顯示 flow visualization zmpd2 油煙顯示 oil smoke visualization 1WVumX孔板流量計 orifice meter Hr頻率響應(yīng) frequency respo

22、nse =:b9油膜顯示 oil film visualization nD陰影法 shadow method 6|g渦量計 vorticity meter bC,bk傳感器 transducer, sensor d+壓強傳感器 pressure transducer DK+%熱敏電阻 thermistor (示蹤物 tracer 4時間線 time line cpd脈線 streak line 4尺度效應(yīng) scale effect c壁效應(yīng) wall effect CA堵塞 blockage 5堵寒效應(yīng) blockage effect #動態(tài)響應(yīng) dynamic response 響應(yīng)頻率

23、response frequency YZGQ底壓 base pressure nN菲克定律 Fick law pWqRZo巴塞特力 Basset force rH&h,?？颂財?shù) Eckert number 5O$kG格拉斯霍夫數(shù) Grashof number z努塞特數(shù) Nusselt number VbLodL普朗特數(shù) prandtl number LwM 雷諾比擬 Reynolds analogy &X施密特數(shù) schmidt number +)dJ斯坦頓數(shù) Stanton number id對流 convection $|8pCT自由對流 natural convection, fre

24、e convec-tion 2強迫對流 forced convection S|c|熱對流 heat convection Foo質(zhì)量傳遞 mass transfer yE傳質(zhì)系數(shù) mass transfer coefficient IKY熱量傳遞 heat transfer twFac傳熱系數(shù) heat transfer coefficient $:對流傳熱 convective heat transfer A輻射傳熱 radiative heat transfer K&動量交換 momentum transfer W能量傳遞 energy transfer )m*V傳導(dǎo) conductio

25、n =zCp熱傳導(dǎo) conductive heat transfer BFI!D3熱交換 heat exchange ;MtH臨界熱通量 critical heat flux S!.F#濃度 concentration RR擴散 diffusion L5b擴散性 diffusivity l3擴散率 diffusivity _f,擴散速度 diffusion velocity -l%h分子擴散 molecular diffusion _沸騰 boiling ; UQ9蒸發(fā) evaporation z氣化 gasification ehT9凝結(jié) condensation KM成核 nucleati

26、on DMX&計算流體力學(xué) computational fluid mechanics BLl7多重尺度問題 multiple scale problem O伯格斯方程 Burgers equation Ddim馮.諾伊曼條件 von Neumann conditionsl近似因子分解法 approximate factorization3method s人工壓縮 artificial compression LGK:jL人工粘性 artificial viscosity 72y8o邊界元法 boundary element method 3,8eS配置方法 collocation metho

27、d %c7能量法 energy method G有限體積法 finite volume method qKRO流體網(wǎng)格法 fluid in cell method, /FLIC method pc83通量校正傳輸法 flux-corrected transport method d#:L通量矢量分解法 flux vector splittingmethod r:j伽遼金法 Galerkin method Y積分方法 integral method h#=標記網(wǎng)格法 marker and cell method, MAC method .特征線法 method of characteristic

28、s !*m_多重網(wǎng)格法 multi- grid method L$板塊法 panel method k+Fz*o質(zhì)點網(wǎng)格法 particle in cell method, PIC method WRA質(zhì)點法 particle method )ex預(yù)估校正法 predictor-corrector method 3tmH投影法 projection method B5io準譜法 pseudo-spectral method :cB:Cp隨機選取法 random choice method ?2_激波捕捉法 shock-capturing method t激波擬合法 shock-fitting

29、method P3X譜方法 spectral method XFjF稀疏矩陣分解法 split coefficient matrix+:method UY不定常法 time-dependent method 時間分步法 time splitting method +變分法 variational method 9#f渦方法 vortex method v隱格式 implicit scheme mw ;顯格式 explicit scheme 6o=交替方向隱格式 alternating direction8implicit scheme, ADI scheme QqyS克蘭克-尼科爾森格式 Cr

30、ank-Nicolson scheme杜福特-弗蘭克爾格式 Dufort-Frankel schememAJh指數(shù)格式 exponential scheme戈本諾夫格式 Godunov scheme g*高分辨率格式 high resolution scheme l0Z,8z拉克斯-溫德羅夫格式 Lax-Wendroff scheme蛙跳格式 leap-frog scheme W單調(diào)差分格式 monotone difference scheme ucFdm保單調(diào)差分格式 monotonicity preser diffe-rence scheme 44穆曼-科爾格式 Murman-Cole scheme半隱格式 semi-implicit sch