九上英語被動語態(tài)的總結(jié)與復(fù)習(xí)

1、The Passive Voice Lesson Style: Revision（被動語態(tài)）（被動語態(tài)）.Focus on the Passive Voice()主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)(The Active Voice)和被動語和被動語態(tài)態(tài)(The Passive Voice) Many people speak English. (主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài):主語是動作的執(zhí)行者主語是動作的執(zhí)行者)English is spoken by many people. (被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài):主語是動作的承受者主語是動作的承受者)Turn the following sentence into the Passive

2、 Voice: We planted many trees last month. Many trees were planted by us last month.1.主動語態(tài)改被動語態(tài)的步驟及注意事項主動語態(tài)改被動語態(tài)的步驟及注意事項:Conclusion (1).步驟步驟: 首先首先, 要弄清楚主動語態(tài)中的主語、謂語和賓要弄清楚主動語態(tài)中的主語、謂語和賓 語及其時態(tài)語及其時態(tài); 其次其次, 把主動語態(tài)的賓語改成被動語態(tài)的主語把主動語態(tài)的賓語改成被動語態(tài)的主語;然后然后, 把主動語態(tài)的謂語動詞改成相應(yīng)時態(tài)的把主動語態(tài)的謂語動詞改成相應(yīng)時態(tài)的 被動結(jié)構(gòu)被動結(jié)構(gòu); 最后最后, 當(dāng)需要指出動作的

3、執(zhí)行者時當(dāng)需要指出動作的執(zhí)行者時,由由by引出組引出組 成介詞短語成介詞短語,其它句子成分不變其它句子成分不變 .Conclusion :要使用被動語態(tài)的幾種場合：要使用被動語態(tài)的幾種場合： 1.不知道或者沒有必要指出誰是動作執(zhí)行者時不知道或者沒有必要指出誰是動作執(zhí)行者時; The cars are made in Japan. 2.需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出調(diào)動作的承受者時需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出調(diào)動作的承受者時; English is used most widely in the world. 3.有的動作的發(fā)出者不是人時有的動作的發(fā)出者不是人時; His house was washed away in t

4、he flood. 4.文章的標(biāo)題、廣告、新聞等用語文章的標(biāo)題、廣告、新聞等用語. Waiters Wanted (招聘服務(wù)員招聘服務(wù)員,省去了省去了are.)總結(jié)各種不同時態(tài)中總結(jié)各種不同時態(tài)中被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成1.Football is played all over the world.2.Cameras are used for taking photos.3.I am taught by him this year.4.The telephone was invented in 1876 . 5. Five eggs were used to make this big c

5、ake. Lets read and observe (觀察觀察)carefully, then draw some conclusions(結(jié)論結(jié)論).一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時6.The ground will be covered with trees in a few years. 7.They will be sent to the hospital right now. 8. A talk is going to be given soon.9.My watch is being repaired now.10.Some computers are being che

6、cked there.11.I am being watched by everyone. 一般將來時一般將來時現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 進(jìn)行進(jìn)行時時12.Trees must be planted around our school.13.Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes .14.Must our homework be handed in now?15.The food has been eaten up already.16.Those mobile phones have been stolen.17.Have the ap

7、ples been paid for yet?含情態(tài)動詞含情態(tài)動詞現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 完成時完成時構(gòu)成構(gòu)成不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 一般過去時一般過去時： was / were + vt.p.p. 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞： must /can /could /may + be + vt.p.p.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時: (am / is / are) + being + vt.p.p. 一般將來時一般將來時: will be + vt.p.p. be going to be + vt.p.p.現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時: have / has +been + vt.p.p.過去進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時

8、: (was /were ) + being + vt.p.p. 我們該如何變被動語態(tài)呢？我們該如何變被動語態(tài)呢？1 動作承受者動作承受者+be +過去分詞過去分詞+（by + 動作執(zhí)行者）動作執(zhí)行者）+其余部分其余部分2 根據(jù)實際情況變化一下根據(jù)實際情況變化一下 be .（根據(jù)被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成根據(jù)被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成）（目的是為了保持時態(tài)和形式與原句一致目的是為了保持時態(tài)和形式與原句一致。）。）(2). 注意事項注意事項:時態(tài)與原句保持一致時態(tài)與原句保持一致 ; 人稱代詞主格、賓格的變化人稱代詞主格、賓格的變化; 大小寫的變化大小寫的變化; 變化后被動句中主謂在人稱和數(shù)上的一變化后被動句中主謂在人稱

9、和數(shù)上的一致致.練習(xí)練習(xí) 主動變被動主動變被動1.They use a recorder in class.2.He writes some letters to his classmate.3.The workers built our new building a month ago.4.The boy turned on a light when he left. A recorder is used by them in class.Some letters are written by him to his classmate.Our new building was built b

10、y the workers a month ago.A light was turned on by the boy when he left.5、We should plant the trees around the lake 6、We must repair the computer now .7、Students should correct their mistakes .8、We must water the trees well.The trees should be planted around the lake .The computer must be repaired n

11、ow .Their mistakes should be corrected .The trees must be watered well.被動語態(tài)的注意事項被動語態(tài)的注意事項1.含被動語態(tài)的句子的句型轉(zhuǎn)換含被動語態(tài)的句子的句型轉(zhuǎn)換特殊疑問句的被動語態(tài)特殊疑問句的被動語態(tài)2.簡單句的五種基本句型中的兩種句型沒有語動語態(tài)簡單句的五種基本句型中的兩種句型沒有語動語態(tài) 主語主語+系動詞系動詞+表語表語 主語主語+不及物動詞不及物動詞不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)形式不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)形式.常用的不及物動詞或短語常用的不及物動詞或短語動詞有動詞有: happen, break out, take pla

12、ce, belong to ,break down , appear, disappear等等.表感官功能或變化的系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)形式表感官功能或變化的系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)形式. 這類詞主這類詞主要有要有: smell, taste , sound, look, feel, get, turn,become等等.There be 結(jié)構(gòu)沒有被動語態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)沒有被動語態(tài)。主動句中賓語是反身代詞的沒有被動語態(tài)。主動句中賓語是反身代詞的沒有被動語態(tài)。3. 有些及物動詞用作不及物動詞有些及物動詞用作不及物動詞,表示主語表示主語(表表物物)的某種性質(zhì)時，不用被動語態(tài)的某種性質(zhì)時，不用被動語態(tài) 。這類詞這類詞

13、主要有主要有:open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash, cut, ride ,draw等等,且這些詞后多有副詞且這些詞后多有副詞 well . The pen _ (write) very well. This kind of sweater _ (sell) well.writessells4. 一些相當(dāng)于及物動詞的短語動詞一些相當(dāng)于及物動詞的短語動詞(動詞動詞+介詞或介詞或動詞動詞+副詞）變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時副詞）變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,應(yīng)將該短語動詞應(yīng)將該短語動詞視為一個整體視為一個整體,不能漏掉其中的介詞或副詞不能漏掉其中的介詞或副詞. eg.We sh

14、ould speak to the old politely. The old should be spoken to politely.We can take good care of your child. Your child can be taken good care of .5.及物動詞后有復(fù)合賓語及物動詞后有復(fù)合賓語,即動詞后有賓語即動詞后有賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語時和賓語補(bǔ)足語時(主語主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足賓語補(bǔ)足語語),只需將賓語提前變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z只需將賓語提前變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z,賓語補(bǔ)賓語補(bǔ)足語保留在原位足語保留在原位.We call him Tom. He is ca

15、lled Tom. (by us).We must keep our classroom clean every day. Our classroom must be kept clean every day.6. 帶雙賓的謂語動詞，即有些動詞帶有兩個賓帶雙賓的謂語動詞，即有些動詞帶有兩個賓語，直接賓語和間接賓語語，直接賓語和間接賓語（主語（主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語+賓語）賓語）有兩種改法有兩種改法: 通常把間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語通常把間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語,直接直接賓語仍保留在原位賓語仍保留在原位; 當(dāng)把直接賓語改成被動語態(tài)的主語，間接賓當(dāng)把直接賓語改成被動語態(tài)的主語，間接賓語前必須

16、加介詞語前必須加介詞 to 或或 for. 間接賓語前加間接賓語前加 to的動詞有的動詞有g(shù)ive, show, send, pass, bring, lend, tell等等;間接賓語前加間接賓語前加 for 動動詞有詞有buy, sing, make, draw, cook, mend, do, get, find等等.e.g. He bought me a new bike yesterday. I was bought a new bike yesterday.A new bike was bought for me yesterday. He gave me a dictionary

17、. I was given a dictionary (by him). A dictionary was given to me (by him).7.使役動詞使役動詞have ,let, make和感官動詞和感官動詞see, hear, watch, notice在主動語態(tài)中后接省略在主動語態(tài)中后接省略to的不定的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語式作賓語補(bǔ)足語, 改成被動語態(tài)時改成被動語態(tài)時, to必須還必須還原原。We heard him sing the song last Sunday. He was heard to sing the song last Sunday.但注意但注意:We hea

18、rd him playing the piano just now.He was heard playing the piano just now.被動語態(tài)加上被動語態(tài)加上toto1.They heard him say good-bye to his 1.They heard him say good-bye to his teacher after class.teacher after class. He _ _ _ _ good-bye to his He _ _ _ _ good-bye to his teacher after class.teacher after class.2

19、.They made him do the work just now.2.They made him do the work just now. He _ _ _ _ the work just He _ _ _ _ the work just now.now.3.His teacher notices him play a computer.3.His teacher notices him play a computer. He _ _ _ _ a computer. He _ _ _ _ a computer.was heard to saywas made to do is noti

20、ced to play常用常用 被動語態(tài)的詞組被動語態(tài)的詞組：1.被用來做某事被用來做某事 被某人使用被某人使用 被用作被用作2.由由制造制造 在某地在某地/某時制造某時制造3.被制成被制成4.由由組成組成/構(gòu)成構(gòu)成5.裝滿裝滿6.由由/被被覆蓋覆蓋7.被迫做某事被迫做某事be used for doing sth / to do sth. be used by +人人be used asbe made of/from +原料原料be made in +地點地點/時間時間(年年月月) be made into +成品成品be made up of be filled withbe covere

21、d withbe made /forced to do.即時演練即時演練:1. If the work _, you can go and play games. A. finished B. has finished C. will be finished D. is finished2. It was raining heavily outside, the children were made _ in the classroom. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed3. Ten letters _ by Kate so far. A. has written B. was written C. have been written D. is writingDBC4. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may not