初中英語簡單句的5種基本類型

1、簡單句簡單句的五種基本類型的五種基本類型nWe call him Xiao Liu.n S V O CnThe news made me happy.n S V O CnHe keeps his hand behind his back.n S V O CnThe story made us laugh.n S V O C nHe heard somebody opening the door.n S V O C劃分句子成分劃分句子成分:1. My sister is a nurse.2. They are drinking.3. They are drinking tea.4. The ol

2、d man walks in the park.5. She passed him the salt.6. We keep the table clean._ S _V_ P_ S_ V_ S_ V_ O_ S_ V_ S_ V_ IO_ DO_ S_ V_ O_ C劃分句子成分劃分句子成分:1. My sister is a nurse.2. They are drinking.3. They are drinking tea.4. The old man walks in the park.5. She passed him the salt.6. We keep the table cl

3、ean._ S _V_ P_ S_ V_ S_ V_ O_ S_ V_ S_ V_ IO_ DO_ S_ V_ O_ C7. They work hard.8. The flower is dead.9. Plants need water.10. He gives me some seeds.11. We should keep the plants in the shade.12. Many animals live in trees._ S_ V_ S_V_ P_ S_ V_ O_ S_ V_IO_ DO_ S_ V_ O_ C_ S_ V1. The spring is coming.

4、2. In spring, the weather becomes warmer.3. I have finished my homework.4. Show me your books.5. Keep them warm at night. S + VS + V + P S + V + O S + V + IO + DO S + V + O+ C1. They work hard.2. The flower is dead.3. Plants need water.4. He gives me some seeds.5. We should keep the plants in the sh

5、ade.6. Many animals live in trees. S + VS + V + PS + V + O S + V + IO + DOS + V + O+ CS + V 預備預備知識知識主語主語? ?謂語謂語? ?賓語賓語? ?PredicativePredicative表語表語? ?Full VerbFull Verb實義行為實義行為動詞動詞? ?Link VerbLink Verb連系動詞連系動詞? ?還還 “簡單句簡單句”呢呢-分不清了耶分不清了耶! 郁悶死郁悶死!休要擔心少要害怕休要擔心少要害怕-簡單句（簡單句（Simple SentencesSimple Sentenc

6、es）就是只包含就是只包含一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子的句子 -它的結(jié)構(gòu)就是這么簡單它的結(jié)構(gòu)就是這么簡單,所以才叫所以才叫簡單句簡單句的啊的啊!英語中千變?nèi)f化的句子歸根結(jié)底都是由簡單句的五種基本句英語中千變?nèi)f化的句子歸根結(jié)底都是由簡單句的五種基本句型組合、擴展、變化而來的型組合、擴展、變化而來的,只要把這些基本句型弄清楚只要把這些基本句型弄清楚,你你就會游刃有余了就會游刃有余了!-呵呵呵呵,就像俺這樣就像俺這樣:Practice makes perfect!-熟能生巧熟能生巧按結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)分一個完整的簡單句簡單句由 “主語部分主語部分+謂語部分謂語部分”構(gòu)成The man is a teache

7、r. 主語部分主語部分 謂語部分謂語部分 He works hard. 主語部分主語部分 謂語部分謂語部分 He teaches English well. 主語部分主語部分 謂語部分謂語部分哲學上說哲學上說:運動是絕對的運動是絕對的靜止是相對的靜止是相對的造句的關鍵就在于造句的關鍵就在于動詞動詞一般而言一般而言,每個句子都應該有個每個句子都應該有個動詞動詞( 除了省略句外除了省略句外 )連系連系動詞動詞be (am is are was were) / seem / keep /是是/好象好象(似乎似乎)是是/保保持持look / feel / taste / smell / sound /

8、 看看/感覺感覺/嘗嘗/聞聞/聽起來聽起來(上去上去)become / turn / get / grow / 變得變得表語表語:表示表示主語主語是什么是什么(身份身份)或者或者怎么樣怎么樣(處于什么狀態(tài)處于什么狀態(tài))。由名詞、形容詞或相當于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語等充當。由名詞、形容詞或相當于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語等充當。和連系動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語和連系動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語,也就是說也就是說: 連系動詞連系動詞后面的就后面的就/才是才是表語表語!He is a boy. She is a girl. They are students. They are good.He looks / seems i

9、ll.The apple tastes nice.Trees turn green.Your idea sounds good.主語主語 連系動詞連系動詞 表語表語主語主語 :表示句子所說的是表示句子所說的是“什么人什么人”或或“什么什么事物事物” 。也就是也就是動作的發(fā)出者動作的發(fā)出者。一般由一般由名詞、代詞名詞、代詞或或相當于名詞、代詞的相當于名詞、代詞的詞或短語等充當。詞或短語等充當。 謂語謂語 :說明主語說明主語“做什么做什么”、“是什么是什么”或者或者“怎怎么樣么樣”。也就是也就是做了什么行為做了什么行為動作動作或或處于什么狀態(tài)處于什么狀態(tài)。謂語（謂語部分里主謂語（謂語部分里主要的詞

10、）用要的詞）用動詞動詞。 賓語賓語 :表示動作、行為的表示動作、行為的對象對象。也就是也就是動作的接受動作的接受者者。一般由一般由名詞、代詞名詞、代詞或相當于名詞的詞或相當于名詞的詞或短語等充當?；蚨陶Z等充當。 狗狗 咬咬 人人 。主語主語 謂語謂語 賓語賓語 人人 咬咬 狗狗 。主語主語 謂語謂語 賓語賓語及物動詞是及物動詞是后面可以直接跟賓語的動詞后面可以直接跟賓語的動詞: see / hear / drank / eat / I saw him last week.We heard the bad news yesterday.They eat bread every day.He dr

11、ank a glass of milk just now.不及物動詞是不及物動詞是后面不可以直接跟賓語的動詞后面不可以直接跟賓語的動詞: laugh / smile / look / listen / She smiled happily.They laughed loudly. 如果要加賓語如果要加賓語,就要靠一個介詞來幫助就要靠一個介詞來幫助:She look at the blackboard carefully.He listened to his teacher in class.They laughed at us after the match. 什么是什么是及物動詞及物動詞和和

12、不及物動詞不及物動詞呢呢?!The doctor listened carefully.The worker ran fast.The boy is fishing.The duck is swimming.The woman walks slowly.主主謂謂結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)（SV） = =主語主語+ +謂語動詞謂語動詞不及物不及物動詞動詞The girl dances well.He likes basketball game.He plays computer games every day.He played soccer yesterday.He is playing the guitarn

13、ow.及物及物動詞動詞主主謂謂賓賓結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)（SVO） = =主語主語+ +謂語謂語+ +賓語賓語有些詞既是及物動詞又是不及物動詞，那就要看意思上的區(qū)別了：有些詞既是及物動詞又是不及物動詞，那就要看意思上的區(qū)別了：他們放風箏。他們放風箏。They fly the kites.風箏在天上飛。風箏在天上飛。The kites fly in the sky.He gave me a present.She teaches us.She teaches English.She teaches us English. She told me a story.及物及物動詞動詞主主謂謂雙賓雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)（SVO

14、iOd）= =主語主語+ +謂語謂語+ +間接賓語間接賓語+ +直接賓語直接賓語可以用于這種句式的動詞主要有可以用于這種句式的動詞主要有 (A) buy / build / catch / cut choose / cook / find / get / keep / make / draw / doHe bought me a new bike.也可以改為也可以改為for sb. 的句式的句式 He bought a new bike for me. (B) give / take / send / bring / teach / show / tell / pay / write / re

15、ad / sell / lend / pass / return / throw / offer / handShe lent me a book.也可以改為也可以改為 to sb. 的句式的句式 She lent a book to me.主主謂謂賓賓賓補賓補結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)（SVOC）= =主語主語+ +謂語謂語+ +賓語賓語+ +賓語的補足語賓語的補足語He told me to clean my room.I saw her dancing.Our teacher asks us to read English every day.及物及物動詞動詞可以用于這種句式的動詞主要有可以用于這種句式的

16、動詞主要有l(wèi)et / make sb. do sth.ask / tell / want / allow / wish / get / sb. to do sth.expect / encourage / invite / teach find / see / hear / watch / notice / feel sb. do sth. sb. doing sth.help sb. (to) do sth.hope和和welcome 比較特殊我們可以說比較特殊我們可以說:I hope to visit your school. I hope that you can visit our s

17、chool. I wish you to visit our school. Welcome to visit our school. You are welcome to visit our school. Welcome to our school.但不可以說：但不可以說：I hope / welcome you to visit our school. 1 主系表型主系表型 She is a very good girl . (_語語) (_詞詞) (_語語) The girl is very good. (_語語) (_詞詞) (_語語)2 主謂型主謂型_式式: They laughe

18、d. The kites fly in the sky. (_語語) (_詞詞) (_語語) (_詞詞)_式式: I bought a new bike. He plays volleyball. (_語語) (_詞詞) (_語語) (_語語) (_詞詞) (_語語)_式式: She told me a story. He gave me a good book. (_語語) (_詞詞) (_語語) (_語語) (_語語) (_詞詞) (_語語) (_語語)_式式 He asked me to help him. He made me happy. (_語語) (_詞詞) (_語語) (_語語) (_語語) (_詞詞) (_語語) (_語語)原來也蠻簡單的哦原來也蠻簡單的哦! !我來分析一下我來分析一下這些句子中所包含的成分這些句子中所包含的成分1 主系表型主系表型 She is a very good girl . (主語主語) (連系動詞連系動詞) (表語表語) The girl is very good. (主語主語) (連系動詞連系動詞) (表語表語)2 主謂型主謂型主謂式主謂式: They laughed. The kites