2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)解密08情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣含解析

1、解密08情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣序號題型真題part 1解密高考考點(diǎn)綜述 備考建議part 2對點(diǎn)解密考點(diǎn)精準(zhǔn)說1. 真題對點(diǎn)析1. 對點(diǎn)模擬練1.part 3強(qiáng)化集訓(xùn)真題模測、典題模測part 1解密高考【考點(diǎn)綜述】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣為中學(xué)英語考綱要求的內(nèi)容，并且是高考內(nèi)容中的難點(diǎn)之一。英語中常用的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。在學(xué)習(xí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：同一情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示不同的意義的情況；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟各種形式的用法；特別是注意“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

2、+完成式”是高考中的重點(diǎn)所在?！緜淇冀ㄗh】1. 考生應(yīng)掌握can, could, may, might, must, will, would, shall, should, ought to, need, dare, be able to, used to等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法。2. 考生應(yīng)掌握虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件句、名詞性從句及其他句型中的運(yùn)用。part 2對點(diǎn)解密【考點(diǎn)精準(zhǔn)說】1-情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法can，could與be able to的用法1表示現(xiàn)在的能力：can，am/is/are able to。2表示將來的能力：will be able to。3表示過去的能力：could表示過去的

3、能力，不表示是否成功地做了；was/were able to表示過去有能力做而且成功地做了。4can/could表示驚訝，常用在否定句和疑問句中。5can/could表示禮貌地請求別人做某事，意為“能，可以”。may與might的用法1表示請求、允許時(shí)，might比may的語氣更委婉一些，否定回答時(shí)要用mustnt，表示“不可以”“禁止”“阻止”之意。2may/might還可以表示推測，意為“可能”。3“may/might as well動(dòng)詞原形”意為“最好，倒不如”。must的用法1must用于否定句，表示“禁止”，表示說話者的命令或指令，語氣比較強(qiáng)烈。2must表示必要性，意為“必須”。3

4、must表示偏執(zhí)、固執(zhí)，意為“非得，偏要”。need與dare的用法1need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于否定句和疑問句中。2dare作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件從句中，一般不用在肯定句中。 注意在肯定句中need和dare通常為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，否定和疑問需借助助動(dòng)詞do及其變形。will與would的用法1表示請求、建議等，would比will委婉客氣。2will和would表示意志、愿望和決心。3will可以表示一種習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，有“總是”或“總要”之意。4would可以表示過去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，比used to正式，但沒有“現(xiàn)已無此習(xí)慣”的含義。shall，should與ought to的

5、用法1shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見和向?qū)Ψ秸埵尽?shall用于第二、第三人稱陳述句中，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。3should表示義務(wù)、職責(zé)等，意為“應(yīng)該”。 4“why/how should結(jié)構(gòu)”表示說話人對某事不能理解，有感到意外、驚訝等意思，意為“竟會(huì)”。5ought to表示“應(yīng)該”。6shall還可表示法律、規(guī)定和條例中規(guī)定的“應(yīng)該”?！菊骖}對點(diǎn)析】11.【2020全國新課標(biāo)i改錯(cuò)】i like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and i thought it must to be easy to

6、 cook.【答案】to去掉【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法。句意：并且我認(rèn)為它一定很簡單。must是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)詞原形，to多余，故將to去掉。2. （2018北京）12. in todays information age, the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.【答案】can【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。在今天的信息時(shí)代，數(shù)據(jù)的丟失有時(shí)會(huì)對一個(gè)公司造成嚴(yán)重的問題。數(shù)據(jù)丟失造成嚴(yán)重問題是客觀上會(huì)發(fā)生的情況，即“客觀可能性”，故該空應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can。3.（2017北京）21. samuel, the tallest boy in

7、 our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.【答案】can 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。samuel，我班最高的男生，能很輕松地夠著書架頂上的書，此處需要一個(gè)表示能力的詞，故用can。4.（2018全國ii卷）as the kid, i loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times i asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. 【答案】去掉not后的to【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。would是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表意愿，后

8、需跟動(dòng)詞原形，故to多余。 they would say to us that playing card games would help my brain.【對點(diǎn)模擬練】11.cant you stay a little longer? its getting late. i really _go now, my daughter is home alone.a .may b .can c . must d .dare 【參考答案】c【答案解析】句意：你不能再多待會(huì)兒嗎?很晚了，我必須得走了。我女兒一個(gè)人在家。a. may可能，可以，也許； can能，會(huì)；c. must必須，必然要，必定會(huì)；

9、d. dare敢，膽敢。結(jié)合句意，故選c。2. you _be careful with the camera. it costs!a .must b. may c. can d. will【參考答案】a【答案解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文的it costs可知，照相機(jī)很昂貴，可推斷此處是說，你一定要非常小心對待照相機(jī)。故選a 。may可能；can能夠，有時(shí)會(huì)；will會(huì)，愿意。3. you feel all the training a waste of time, but im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it

10、.a. should b. need c. shall d. may【參考答案】d【答案解析】句意：你可能覺得所有的訓(xùn)練都是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，但是我有100%的把握你以后會(huì)感激它的。should應(yīng)該；need需要；shall將會(huì)；may（不確定）可能。所以選d?！究键c(diǎn)精準(zhǔn)說】2-情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測的用法1can用于肯定句中表示客觀的可能性，意為“有時(shí)會(huì)”；用于疑問句中可以表示推測，意為“可能”，有時(shí)表示一種驚訝的語氣；用于否定句中也可以表示推測，cant意為“不可能”，語氣很強(qiáng)烈。2may/might用于肯定句中可以用來表示不十分肯定的推測，意為“有可能”；用于否定句中也可以表示推測，may not意為“

11、可能不”，表示一種不太確定的語氣。3must表示推測時(shí)只能用于肯定句中，意為“一定，必定”，表示十分肯定的語氣(在疑問句中或否定句中要用can/could)。4should用來表示推測時(shí)意為“應(yīng)該”，即含有“按道理來說應(yīng)當(dāng)如此”的意思。5. “情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have done”的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have done用法must have done一定做過某事，其否定形式為cant/couldnt have donecan/could have done1.本來能夠做但卻未做2可能做過某事cant/couldnt have done不可能做過某事may/might have done或許/可能做過某事sho

12、uld/ought to have done本該做但卻未做，其否定形式表示本不該做但卻做了neednt have done做了本沒有必要做的事情【真題對點(diǎn)析】21.【2018北京】12. in todays information age, the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.a. need b. should c. can d. must【答案】c【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：在今天的信息時(shí)代，數(shù)據(jù)的丟失有時(shí)會(huì)對一個(gè)公司造成嚴(yán)重的問題。數(shù)據(jù)丟失造成嚴(yán)重問題是客觀上會(huì)發(fā)生的情況，即“客觀可能性”，故該空應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can

13、。c選項(xiàng)正確。其余情態(tài)動(dòng)詞均沒有該用法。need需要；should應(yīng)該，竟然；must必須，肯定。2.【2017北京卷】21. samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.a. must b. should c. can d. need【答案】c【解析】a. must 必須 b. should 應(yīng)該 c. can 能 d. need 需要。句意:samuel，我班最高的男生，能很輕松地夠著書架頂上的書，此處需要一個(gè)表示能力的詞，故用can，答案為c。3.【2016天津】5. it

14、 was really annoying; i _ get access to the data bank you had recommended. a. wouldnt b. couldnt c. shouldnt d. neednt【答案】b【解析】句意：這真是令人生氣的；我不能進(jìn)入你推薦的數(shù)據(jù)庫。wouldnt不愿意；couldnt不能；shouldnt不應(yīng)該；neednt不必。故選b?？键c(diǎn)：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。4.【2016浙江】17. george _ too far . his coffee is still warm .a. must have gone b. might have g

15、one c. cant have gone d. neednt have gone【答案】c【解析】喬治不可能走得太遠(yuǎn)了。他的咖啡仍然是溫的。cant have done是對過去的否定推測；must have done過去一定做了某事；might have done過去可能做了某事；neednt have done過去本不必做某事。故選c。5.【2015重慶】12. you _ be carol. you havent changed a bit after all these years.a. must b. can c. will d. shall【答案】a 【解析】句意：你肯定是卡羅，這

16、些年你一點(diǎn)也沒有變化。 must表示對現(xiàn)在的肯定推測。 故選a?！緦c(diǎn)模擬練】21.sorry, mum! i failed the job interview again.oh, its too bad. you _ have made full preparations.a. mustb. canc. wouldd. should【參考答案】d【答案解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：對不起，媽媽，我面試又失敗了。噢，那太糟糕了，你應(yīng)該做好充分準(zhǔn)備的。a.must必須；b.can可以；c.would將會(huì)；d.should應(yīng)該。can have done表示對過去行為的懷疑，用

17、于疑問句，譯成可能做過嗎？；could have done表示對過去事情的假設(shè)，意思是本來能夠做某事而沒有做；must have done表示對過去事情的肯定推測，譯成一定做過某事，該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句；should have done的意思是本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒做。故選d。2there _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.amustntbshantcshouldntdneednt【答案】c【解析】試題分析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：a.

18、mustnt禁止b. shant 不可以，c. shouldnt（按道理講）應(yīng)該，d. neednt不必，句意：既然你在駕校練習(xí)了這么多，通過駕駛測試應(yīng)該沒問題。選c?！久麕燑c(diǎn)評】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞要記住基本含義，和肯定，否定的區(qū)別，象must肯定是“必須”，而mustnt 是禁止的意思，而should（nt）則表示按道理（不）應(yīng)該。做題時(shí)關(guān)鍵看上下文?？键c(diǎn)：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞3harry is feeling uncomfortable. he _ too much at the party last night.acould drinkbshould drinkcwould have drunkdmust

19、 have drunk【答案】d【解析】根據(jù) last night 可知該處是對過去的推測，故排除a、b項(xiàng)；must have done 表示對過去有把握的推測，可能性較大，一般有一定根據(jù)。would have done 表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)或結(jié)果。結(jié)合語境，該句是對過去有把握的推測，而非與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)或結(jié)果。故正確答案為d?？键c(diǎn)：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。4george _ too far. his coffee is still warm.amust have gonebmight have goneccant have gonedneednt have gone【答案】c【解析】考查

20、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done。句意：喬治不可能走得太遠(yuǎn)。他的咖啡仍然是溫的。cant have done一定不可能做了某事；must have done過去一定做了某事；might have done過去可能做了某事；neednt have done過去本不必做某事。故選c。51 have one regret about the time i spent in high school: i _ more advanced classes that are really helpful in college.acouldnt have takenbshould have takencneedn

21、t have takendmust have taken【答案】b【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我對我的高中時(shí)光有一個(gè)遺憾：我本應(yīng)該上一些在大學(xué)里很有用的高級課程。a. couldnt have done不可能做過；b. should have done本應(yīng)該做而沒有做；c. neednt have done本不必做卻做了；d. must have done一定做過。根據(jù)“1 have one regret”可知此處表示“本應(yīng)該做而沒有做，所以才有遺憾”，故b項(xiàng)正確。6more and more countries have come to realize that th

22、e world_ do without huawei and its more advanced technology.acantbneedntcmustntdshouldnt【答案】a【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：越來越多的國家意識(shí)到世界上離不開華為和它更先進(jìn)的科技。a. cant不能；b. neednt不需要；c. mustnt一定不能；d. shouldnt不應(yīng)該。cant do without意為“離不開”，為固定搭配。故選a?！究键c(diǎn)精準(zhǔn)說】3-虛擬語氣if條件句中的虛擬語氣if條件句中虛擬語氣的用法if條件從句從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式表示現(xiàn)在情況動(dòng)詞過去式(be的過去式用were)

23、should/would/could/might動(dòng)詞原形表示過去情況had過去分詞should/would/could/mighthave過去分詞錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句的虛擬語氣當(dāng)條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為“錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句”，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間做出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。省略if的倒裝句在虛擬條件狀語從句中可省略if，把were，had，should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式。含蓄條件句中的虛擬語氣有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況并不用條件從句表示，而是由otherwise，but，or，without，but for等來引導(dǎo)或者通過上下文引出。(should)do.結(jié)構(gòu)的虛擬1用于

24、表示建議、愿望、命令等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中常見的動(dòng)詞有：demand，order，require，insist，suggest，propose，advise，request，urge，command，prefer，desire，recommend等。賓語從句中的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)為“should動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略2用于主語從句中在it is desired/suggested/proposed/recommended/necessary/important/strange/natural/a pity/essentialthat從句中，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用“should動(dòng)詞原形”，shoul

25、d可以省略。3用于表語從句和同位語從句中在suggestion，proposal，order，plan，idea，request，advice等名詞后的表語從句和同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，其構(gòu)成是“should動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。 其他句型中的虛擬語氣1would rather后的賓語從句中，表示愿望，意為“寧愿；但愿”。用一般過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦?shí)相反；用過去完成時(shí)表示與過去事實(shí)相反。2在“it is (about/high)timethat從句”中，謂語動(dòng)詞常用過去式或“should動(dòng)詞原形”表示虛擬語氣。3as if，as though引導(dǎo)的表語從句和方式狀語從句中常用

26、虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反用一般過去時(shí)；與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成時(shí)。4if only引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，用虛擬語氣表示愿望?！菊骖}對點(diǎn)析】31.（2018天津）15. if we _（catch）the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach【答案】had caught 【解析】考查虛擬語氣。如果我們昨天趕上飛機(jī)的話，現(xiàn)在我們正在海灘享受我們的假日了。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語yesterday可知，從句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，故用had + v-ed。故填had caught。2. （2018天津）10. i cant find

27、 my purse. i_ （could leave）it in the supermarket yesterday, but im not sure.【答案】could have left 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。我不能找到我的錢包了，昨天我有可能把它落在超市了，但我不確定。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語yesterday可知，是對過去事實(shí)的推測，故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+done，再根據(jù)后句but im not sure可知，由此推測為不能肯定的推測，故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could，故填could have left。3.（2018北京）13. they might have found a better hot

28、el if they _（drive） a few more kilometers.【答案】had driven【解析】考查虛擬語氣。如果他們多開幾公里的話，他們也許會(huì)找到一個(gè)更好的旅館。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知，該句是表示對過去的虛擬。if _ a few more kilometers是條件句部分，表示對過去的虛擬，條件句部分要用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，故填had driven?！緦c(diǎn)模擬練】31. lucas failed his driving test again. _ harder, he _the test now.a. if he

29、 practiced; would passb. had he practiced; would passc. did he follow; would have passedd. should he practice; would have passed【答案】b【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：lucas駕照考試又失敗了，如果他更加努力地練習(xí)，現(xiàn)在他就通過考試了。根據(jù)語境可知，從句表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，省略if，had提前使用倒裝句。主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，謂語動(dòng)詞用would+原形動(dòng)詞。故選b。 2. if we_ a table in advance, we wouldnt

30、 be standing here in the long queue.a. reserveb. reservedc. have reservedd. had reserved【答案】d【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果我們事先預(yù)定了一張桌子，我們就不會(huì)站在這長長的隊(duì)伍里了。根據(jù)句意可知，從句是對過去的虛擬，與過去事實(shí)相反，所以從句中應(yīng)使用過去完成時(shí)；主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，使用would/ could/ might/ should do結(jié)果。故選d。3. instead of making choices for their children, liberal parents usually sa

31、y, “go where you _ .”a. willb. shouldc. cand.must【答案】a【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：開明的父母通常會(huì)說：“去你想去的地方吧”，而不是替他們的孩子做選擇。a. will愿意，意志；b. should應(yīng)該；c. can能夠；d. must必須。故選a。4. all the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _ badly wounded and that he _ at once.a. should be; be operated onb. were; must be operated onc. b

32、e; was operated ond. was; be operated on【答案】d【解析】考查insist的用法。句意為：醫(yī)院里所有的醫(yī)生都堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為他傷情很嚴(yán)重并堅(jiān)決主張他必須馬上做手術(shù)。insist表示“堅(jiān)持說、堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”之意時(shí)，后面的從句使用陳述語氣，表示“堅(jiān)決主張、堅(jiān)決要求” 之意時(shí)，后面的從句使用（should）do的虛擬語氣。part 3強(qiáng)化集訓(xùn)【真題模測】一單句語法填空1.【2020全國新課標(biāo)i改錯(cuò)】i like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and i thought it must to be easy to cook.2. （20

33、18北京）12. in todays information age, the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.3.（2018天津）15. if we _（catch）the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach4. （2018天津）10. i cant find my purse. i_ （could leave）it in the supermarket yesterday, but im not sure.5.（2018北京）1

34、3. they might have found a better hotel if they _（drive） a few more kilometers.6.（2017北京）21. samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.【答案】1.【答案】to去掉【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法。句意：并且我認(rèn)為它一定很簡單。must是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)詞原形，to多余，故將to去掉。2.【答案】can【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。在今天的信息時(shí)代，數(shù)據(jù)的丟失有時(shí)會(huì)對一個(gè)公司造成嚴(yán)重的問題。數(shù)據(jù)丟失造成

35、嚴(yán)重問題是客觀上會(huì)發(fā)生的情況，即“客觀可能性”，故該空應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can。3.【答案】had caught 【解析】考查虛擬語氣。如果我們昨天趕上飛機(jī)的話，現(xiàn)在我們正在海灘享受我們的假日了。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語yesterday可知，從句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，故用had + v-ed。故填had caught。4. 【答案】could have left 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。我不能找到我的錢包了，昨天我有可能把它落在超市了，但我不確定。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語yesterday可知，是對過去事實(shí)的推測，故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+done，再根據(jù)后句but im not sure可知，由此推測為不能肯定的推測，

36、故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could，故填could have left。5.【答案】had driven【解析】考查虛擬語氣。如果他們多開幾公里的話，他們也許會(huì)找到一個(gè)更好的旅館。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知，該句是表示對過去的虛擬。if _ a few more kilometers是條件句部分，表示對過去的虛擬，條件句部分要用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，故填had driven。6.【答案】can 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。samuel，我班最高的男生，能很輕松地夠著書架頂上的書，此處需要一個(gè)表示能力的詞，故用can。二單項(xiàng)選擇1（2020江蘇省高考真題）if i

37、hadnt been faced with so many barriers, i _where i am.awont bebwouldnt have beencwouldnt bedshouldnt have been2（2020天津高考真題）jim says we _ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy .amustbcancneeddshould3（2020天津高考真題）you _ have scolded him for his poor performance. after all, he had done

38、his best.amustbshouldcmustntdshouldnt4（2019天津高考真題）marys description of the party was so vivid that i felt as if i there.awould bebmight have beencwould have beendhad been5.（2019天津高考真題）the workers were not better organized, otherwise they _ the task in half the time.aaccomplishedbhad accomplishedcwou

39、ld accomplishdwould have accomplished6（2018天津高考真題）(2018天津) i cant find my purse. i_ it in the supermarket yesterday, but im not sure.ashould leavebmust have leftcmight leavedcould have left7（2018天津高考真題）whats wrong with the door?the key has got stuck in it and _ come out.ashouldntbmustntcneedntdwont8

40、（2018北京高考真題）(2018北京) in todays information age, the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.aneedbshouldccandmust9（2016北京高考真題）(2016北京)i love the weekend, because i _ get up early on saturdays and sundays.aneedntbmustntcwouldntdshouldnt10（2019天津高考真題）the professor warned the students that

41、on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.ashould theybthey shouldcdare theydthey dare11（2019天津高考真題）paul did a great job in the speech contest. he many times last week.aneed have practisedbmight practisecmust have practiseddcould practise12（2016天津高考真題）(2016天津) it was really annoying; i _ get ac

42、cess to the data bank you had recommended.awouldntbcouldntcshouldntdneednt13（2019江蘇高考真題）what a pity! you missed the sightseeing, or we _ a good time together.ahadbwill havecwould have haddhad had14（2015江蘇高考真題） it might have saved me some trouble _ the schedule.adid i knowbhave i knowncdo i knowdhad

43、i known15（2018江蘇高考真題）（2018江蘇）itsstrangethathe_ havetakenthebookswithouttheownerspermission.awouldbshouldccoulddmight16（2017江蘇高考真題）（2017江蘇） _ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.ait werebwere itcit wasdwas it17（2018江蘇高考真題）（2018江蘇）there is a good social l

44、ife in the village, and i wish i _ a second chance to become more involved.ahadbwill havecwould have haddhave had18（2016浙江高考真題）(2016 浙江)had the governments and scientists not worked together, aids-related deaths _ since their highest in 2005.ahad not fallenbwould not fallcdid not falldwould not have

45、 fallen19（2018天津高考真題）jane wishes that she _ foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.astudiedbhad studiedcwould studydmight have studied20（2017北京高考真題）if the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened.ahad been putbwere putcshould be putdwould be put【答案】1【答案

46、】c【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果我沒有面對那么多的障礙，我現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在這里。分析句子成分可知，此處是錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬語氣，根據(jù)空后where i am可知，此處是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用would/could/might/should+do。故選c。2【答案】b【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意:吉姆說我們可以住在他的房子里，只要我們保持它干凈整潔。a. must必須；b. can能，可以；c. need需要；d. should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)后面的“as long as we leave it clean and tidy”可知，jim許可我們待在他的房子里，即:我們”能，可以”待在他的房

47、子里。故選b。3【答案】d【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have done。句意：你本不應(yīng)該因?yàn)樗憩F(xiàn)不好而責(zé)罵他。畢竟，他已經(jīng)盡力了。根據(jù)前后句關(guān)系可知此處表示“本不該”是 shouldnt have done指做了本不該做的事，must have done表示對過去發(fā)生的事情的肯定性推測；should have done表示應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事而實(shí)際上未做；mustnt不和have done連用。故選d?！军c(diǎn)睛】must have done表示對過去事情的肯定推測，指“一定做過某事”，該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句：1. it must have rained last night, for the ground i

48、s wet.昨晚一定下雨了，因?yàn)榈孛孢€是濕的。2. you must have been mad to speak to the servant.你和仆人說話，一定是發(fā)瘋了。should have done意思是“本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒做?！?shouldnt have done表示本來不應(yīng)該做某事,而實(shí)際做了。含有指責(zé)對方或自責(zé)的含意.1. tom, you are too lazy. the work should have been finished yesterday.湯姆,你太懶惰了,這項(xiàng)工作本來應(yīng)該昨天就做完的。 2. look, tom is crying. i shouldn

49、t have been so harsh on him.看，湯姆哭了，我本來不應(yīng)該對他如此嚴(yán)厲。本題是 shouldnt have done的用法。4【答案】d【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：瑪麗對這次聚會(huì)的描述是如此生動(dòng)，以至于我覺得我好像去過那里一樣。根據(jù)句意及句中felt可知，此處描述的是與過去事實(shí)相反的情況，應(yīng)使用過去完成時(shí)。故d選項(xiàng)正確。5.【答案】d【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：工人們沒有被更好的組織起來，否則他們用一半的時(shí)間就能完成任務(wù)。根據(jù)上句the workers were not better organized可知，這是對過去事情的虛擬。表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：

50、從句：if+主語+過去完成時(shí)+其他，主句：主語+should(would, could, might)+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+其他，故選d。6d【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測。句意：我不能找到我的錢包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不確定。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語yesterday可知，是對過去事情的推測，故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have done，再根據(jù)后句but im not sure.可知，此推測為不能肯定的推測，故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could，表示“可能”。故選d?！军c(diǎn)睛】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是每年高考的熱點(diǎn)也是難點(diǎn)。本題抓住兩點(diǎn)：第一、時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語可以判斷出是對過去事情的推測，故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have done；如果

51、是對現(xiàn)在事情的推測，才用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+v原形。第二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的選擇。must為肯定推測，表示“一定”，could為不肯定推測，表示“可能”，這樣就能選出正確答案。7d【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：-門怎么了?-鑰匙卡在里面出不來了。a. shouldnt不應(yīng)該；b. mustnt禁止；c. neednt 不需要；d. wont不會(huì)。wont表示拒絕時(shí)，其主語有時(shí)可以是“物”。故選d項(xiàng)。8c【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：在今天的信息時(shí)代，數(shù)據(jù)的丟失有時(shí)會(huì)對一個(gè)公司造成嚴(yán)重的問題。數(shù)據(jù)丟失造成嚴(yán)重問題是客觀上會(huì)發(fā)生的情況，即“客觀可能性”，故該空應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can。c選項(xiàng)正確。其余情態(tài)動(dòng)詞均沒有該用法。n

52、eed需要；should應(yīng)該，竟然；must必須，肯定。點(diǎn)睛：can的基本用法：1. (表示能力、功能)能，會(huì)；2. (表示推測)可能，可能會(huì)；3.（表示允許，請求）可以；4.（表示客觀可能性）有時(shí)會(huì)。9a【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：我喜歡周末，因?yàn)橹芰椭苋瘴也恍枰缙?。a. neednt不需要；b. mustnt禁止；c. wouldnt不愿；d. shouldnt不應(yīng)該。根據(jù)常識(shí)及前一句i love the weekend可知，周六、周日不用早起，故選a。10a【解析】考查部分倒裝和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：這位教授警告學(xué)生們，在他的課堂上，決不應(yīng)該使用手機(jī)。on no account意為“決不”

53、，否定詞放在句首，句子使用部分倒裝，排除b、d項(xiàng)；這里表示應(yīng)該，故選a。11c【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：保羅在演講比賽中表現(xiàn)得很好。他上星期一定練習(xí)了很多次。must have done是對過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作最有把握的猜測，意思是“一定”。故c選項(xiàng)正確。12b【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：這真是令人生氣的；我不能進(jìn)入你推薦的數(shù)據(jù)庫。a. wouldnt不愿意；b. couldnt不能；c. shouldnt不應(yīng)該；d. neednt不必。故選b。13c【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：真遺憾！你錯(cuò)過了這次觀光，否則，我們本應(yīng)該在一起度過一段愉快時(shí)光的。根據(jù)上文可知，是對過去事情的虛擬，是與過去事實(shí)相反的

54、假設(shè)。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：從句：if+主語+過去完成時(shí)+其他，主句：主語+should(would, could, might)+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+其他，故選c。14d【解析】考查虛擬倒裝句。句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能會(huì)省去我一些麻煩。根據(jù)題干中might have saved可知主句是對過去的虛擬，從句應(yīng)用if i had known與主句保持一致。if虛擬條件句中含有had時(shí)，可將if省去，同時(shí)將had提前構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故選d項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】虛擬語氣重要做題原則：根據(jù)題干中主句或從句中動(dòng)詞形式判斷所考查的動(dòng)詞的虛擬時(shí)間, 一般要保持一致，但要注意錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬語氣要根據(jù)各自所表示的虛擬時(shí)間做出調(diào)整。另外，