高考英語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)選擇解題技巧_7694

1、讀書破萬(wàn)卷下筆如有神高考英語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)選擇解題技巧一命題原則突出語(yǔ)境，強(qiáng)化語(yǔ)意，強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)用二單項(xiàng)選擇題命題特點(diǎn)覆蓋面廣，重點(diǎn)突出淡化語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，重視能力突出在語(yǔ)境中運(yùn)用知識(shí)的考查三英語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)選擇解題技巧（一）找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)1.It is_ any wonder that his friend doesn't like watching television much.(廣東 )A. noB. suchC. nearlyD. hardly此題的關(guān)鍵詞是any, 因?yàn)?any 常用于疑問句、否定句或條件句中,而此句不是疑問句，也不是條件句 ,所以應(yīng)該是否定句。no 本身就相當(dāng)于not any ，于是排除

2、A 。.因此，正確答案D(hardly=almost not) 。（二）分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)2.This is the main use that the scientists make_ natural resources.A. inB. up ofC. fromD. of有些試題的考本來(lái)十分簡(jiǎn)單,但命題者卻通過(guò)使用定語(yǔ)從句,或者將我們十分熟悉的固定詞組有意拆開 ,重新組合 ,使我們?cè)诮Y(jié)構(gòu)上產(chǎn)生錯(cuò)覺。that the scientists make 是定語(yǔ)從句 ,關(guān)系代詞 that 是代表先行詞use的 ,將其置入定語(yǔ)從句中,就得到 that the scientists make use.顯然是考

3、查 make use of 這一詞組。正確答案是D 。（三）適當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)換句式3.-Mr. Wang ,whom would you rather _ the importantmeeting?-Tom.A. have attendB. have attendedC. having attendD. have to attend有時(shí)將題干的句式轉(zhuǎn)換成自己更熟悉的句式，就很容易選出正確答案。如：將疑問句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、 感嘆句或倒裝句改為陳述句，將被動(dòng)句改為主動(dòng)句，將無(wú)序句調(diào)整為正常句。此題若將疑問句改為陳述句，就是I have Tom attend the important meeting 。其中 wo

4、uld rather后必須跟動(dòng)詞原形，have sb do sth.所以選 A 。（四）補(bǔ)全省略成分4.-What do you think made Mary so upset?- _her new bike.( 上海 )A. LostB. As she lostC. LosingD. Because of losing口語(yǔ)中會(huì)使用一些省略句，作題是若將被省略的成分補(bǔ)充完整，答案就會(huì)一目了然。此題將答句補(bǔ)全，就是Losing her new bike made Mary so upset 。顯然，只能選C，用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。（五）刪除干擾部分讀書破萬(wàn)卷下筆如有神5.We agree to ac

5、cept_ they thought was the best tourist guide.A. whicheverB. whoeverC. whateverD. whomever就是將起干擾作用的定語(yǔ)從句、介詞短語(yǔ)或插入語(yǔ)，如I think/ suppose/believe， do youthink/ suppose/believe ， you know ， of course 等刪除，從而更容易地選出正確答案。此題去掉插入語(yǔ)they thought，可知賓語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ)，又能與 the best tourist guide 搭配的， 只有答案 B 。（六）利用對(duì)稱結(jié)構(gòu)6.-English h

6、as a large vocabulary, hasn't it?-Yes._morewordsandexpressions andyouwillfinditeasier toreadandcommunicate.( 上海 )A. KnowB. KnowingC. To know就是在作題的過(guò)程中要善于利用D. Knownand, but 等并列連詞。若前面是個(gè)句子，后面也是個(gè)句子，反之亦然； 若連接的是幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞，這幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞也必定是同一時(shí)態(tài)或同一形式。此題第二個(gè) and 后面是個(gè)句子， 所以前面也必定是一個(gè)句子，但是前面這個(gè)句子沒有主語(yǔ)，只能選用動(dòng)詞原形，構(gòu)成一個(gè)祈使句，因此答案是A

7、。又如： On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, _some bananas and visitedher cousin.A. boughtB. buyingC. to buyD. buy（七）注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)7.There are eight tips in Dr. Roger lectures on sleep, and one of them is:_ to bed earlyunless you think it is necessary.( 重慶 )A. doesn t goB. not to goC. not goin

8、gD. don t go標(biāo)點(diǎn)有時(shí)對(duì)我們作題有提示的作用。此題很容易選B, 認(rèn)為是不定式做表語(yǔ)。其實(shí)冒號(hào)已經(jīng)表明后面是Dr.Roger講的原話，這原話應(yīng)當(dāng)是個(gè)句子，只有選D 才構(gòu)成一個(gè)否定的祈使句。（八）熟記固定搭配8.Mr. Smith used to smoke _ but he has given it up.( 天津 )A. seriouslyB. heavilyC. badlyD. hardly在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中注意積累一些常見的固定句式、動(dòng)詞與副詞的搭配、名詞和形容詞的搭配等。因?yàn)橹笩煱a或酒癮很重，要用 heavy 或 heavily ，因此答案是B。此外，雨雪下得 “大 ”、煙霧 “濃

9、 ”、交通 “擁擠 ”、波濤 “洶涌 ”等，也用heavy。（九）消除思維定勢(shì)9.Everyone here will thank the firefighter for the things they have done to prevent fires_ theenvironment safer.A. makeB. to makingC. to makeD. from making有些試題的題干，看上去好象就是固定搭配，我們高興地完成以后，結(jié)果卻做錯(cuò)了。要從句子結(jié)構(gòu)上或者句子意思上分析，以免步入命題者設(shè)計(jì)的陷阱。此題容易誤選D ，以為是考查 prevent sb. /sth. from d

10、oing這一固定搭配的。其實(shí)，“使環(huán)境更安全 ”是 “他們?yōu)榉阑鹚x書破萬(wàn)卷下筆如有神做的工作 ”的目的，所以用動(dòng)詞不定式，選C。（十）檢查有無(wú)謂語(yǔ)10.He wrote five novels, two of _translated into English.A. itB. themC. whichD. that有時(shí)看似有兩個(gè)句子，于是就選連詞，正好掉進(jìn)命題人設(shè)計(jì)的陷阱。事實(shí)上，有時(shí)貌似句子的 “句子 ”卻沒有謂語(yǔ)，其中的動(dòng)詞只是一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（多為分詞）。此題很容易誤選C，以為后面是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。事實(shí)上，面不是句子，無(wú)須連詞，所以答案是B。若在translated 是過(guò)去分詞，而不是謂

11、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，后translated 前加上 were，were translated 就是謂語(yǔ)，這時(shí)就選連詞 which 。（十一）查看有無(wú)連詞11.If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English, _means many more people in theworld can enjoy it.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that若經(jīng)查實(shí)，前后的確是兩個(gè)句子，就要看其中一個(gè)分句是否已經(jīng)用了連詞。若已經(jīng)用了連詞， 一般不選連詞， 若沒有用連詞，就一定要選連詞。此題已有連詞If ，選 D，若沒有 If ，就選 B ，

12、 which 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。（十二）識(shí)別相似句型12. _is known to everybody, light travels much faster than sound.A. It B. AsC. That D. What13._is known to everybody that light travels much faster than sound.A. It B. AsC. That D. What14. _ is known to everybody is that light travels much faster than sound.A. It B. AsC

13、. That D. What有的句型十分相似，若不仔細(xì)分辨，很容易出錯(cuò)。12 題選 B，as 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是后面整個(gè)句子。13 題選 A ，it是形式主語(yǔ)， that 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句；若又在 that前加個(gè) is，則應(yīng)選 D ， what 引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，that 引導(dǎo)的是表語(yǔ)從句。（十四）正確把握語(yǔ)境15. I agree withmost of what you said, but I don t agree with _.A. everythingB. anythingC. somethingD. nothing有時(shí)孤立地看留空格的那個(gè)句子，好象多個(gè)答案都可以，但與上

14、下句的意思聯(lián)系起來(lái)，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)問題。 因此，做題時(shí)一定要把握語(yǔ)境。此題答案選 A 。B 答案的意思是 I don t agreewith anything等于 I agree with nothing. 這就與前一分句的意思發(fā)生矛盾了。四方法歸納排除法：排除句子中某些附加成分，使其簡(jiǎn)單直接。推斷法：根據(jù)上下文依據(jù)，判斷空格所依據(jù)的信息。補(bǔ)全法：補(bǔ)全省略部分，連接思維序列中的斷點(diǎn)。還原法：通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)換句型還原句子本來(lái)面目，以便理解句意。分析法：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)或語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣，使句子“合法”。讀書破萬(wàn)卷下筆如有神小試牛刀：1.Which do you enjoy _ your spare time playin

15、g cards at home or taking a walk in the park?A. spendingB. to spendC. spent D. spend2.We must prevent the air pollution _.A. living betterB. live betterC. to live better D. live well3.The day he was looking forward to _ at last.A. cameB. comeC. comingD. have come4.Don t take the medicine, it can t h

16、elp_ rid of your cold.A. gettingB. to getC. to gettingD. gets5.She told us_ she had done.A. all whatB. all whichC. all thoseD. all of it6.I don t think Jack saw me, he_ into space.A. just staredB. was just staringC. has just staredD. had just stared7.-Susan,go and join your sister cleaning the yard.

17、-Why_ ? John is sitting there doing nothing.A. himB. heC.ID. me8.Shirley_a book about China last year but I don t know whether she has finished it.A. has writtenB. wroteC. had writtenD. was writing9.My mind wasn t on what he was saying so. I m afraid I _half of it.A. was missingB. had missedC. will

18、missD. missed10.I must be getting fat-I can_ do my trousers up.A. fairlyB. hardlyC. nearlyD. seldom11.It was not a serious illness, and she soon _it.A. got overB. got on withC. got roundD. got out of12.The number of people present at the corner was _ than expected. There were manytickets left.A. muc

19、h smallerB. much more C. much larger D. many more13.-You were out when I dropped in at your house.-Oh, I _ for a friend from English at the airport.A. was waitingB. had waitedC. am waitingD. have waited14. Charles Baggage is generally considered_ the first computer.A. to invent B. inventingC. to have inventedD. having invented15. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to _.A. sitB. sit o