高考英語語法復習教案非謂語動詞

1、學習必備歡迎下載非謂語動詞考綱新研讀1.非謂語動詞的形式 (以動詞 do 為例 )動詞不定式動詞的 -ing 形式 動詞過去分詞一般式to dodoingdone一般被動式to be donebeing done完成式to have donehaving done完成被動式to have been donehaving been done進行式to be doing完成進行式to have been doing2.非謂語動詞在句子中的作用主語賓語表語定語狀語補語動詞不定式動詞的 -ing 形式 動詞過去分詞3.非謂語動詞的用法動詞不定式(1)用作主語：To learn a foreign la

2、nguage well is not easy.It is not easy to learn a foreign language well.(2)用作賓語：What do you like to do besides swim?Do you think it necessary to go there?(3)用作表語：學習必備歡迎下載All she would do was to go home.(4)用作賓補：I warned the boy not to be late again.He saw her leave the house.She was seen to leave the

3、 house.He often helps me (to) learn English.With no one to help him, he can t do it.With so many problems to settle, the manager can t leave for holidays.【注意】用于不帶 to 的不定式作賓補的的動詞有： feel, hear, see, notice, observe, watch, listen to, look at, have, make, let等。但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時需要帶to。例如：I noticed her enter the o

4、ffice.We heard him sing every day.Santa s fathermade her promise that she wouldn t write to me or send me any word.(5)用作定語：I have nothing to write (to write on/to write with).I was the first to come to school.We have no time to think about rest.(6)用作狀語：常表示原因、結(jié)果、條件、目的等。He stopped to talk to an old ma

5、n.目(的 )I rushed to the station, only to find the train already gone結(jié).(果 )He was happy to hear the news原.(因 )另外： in order to; so as to引導目的狀語， “為了 ,以便 ” ;so.as to 引導結(jié)果狀語， “太 以致 ”。(7)用在疑問詞后面，如 what to do,構(gòu)成不定式復合結(jié)構(gòu) ,相當于名詞，作主語、賓語和表語。 例如：The question is where to get a computer表.(語 )I really don t knowwhat

6、 to do.(賓語 )How to get rid of the pollution is still a problem主.(語 )【注意】不定式也有一定的時態(tài)和語態(tài)；有否定式、完成式、進行式、被動式等和自己的邏輯主語：(1)被動形式：He asked to be sent to the front.(2)進行式：He pretended to be listening attentively.(3)完成式：He is said to have gone abroad.學習必備歡迎下載(4)否定式： (to)前加 not：He pretended not to have seen me.(

7、5)不定式的邏輯主語有兩種情況(用 for sb.或 of sb.)：It s high timefor us to plant trees.It s very kindof you to say so.動詞的過去分詞(1)作定語及物動詞的過去分詞，既表被動又表完成；不及物動詞的過去分詞，只表示完成。單個的分詞作定語，放在它所修飾的詞的前面 ;分詞短語作定語，放在它所修飾的詞的后面。例如：A broken cup is lying on the floor.The meeting held yesterday was very important.(2)作表語：表狀態(tài)，與句子主語是被動關(guān)系。例

8、如：He seemed quite delighted at the idea.The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains.(3)作狀語動詞的過去分詞相當于副詞，可以在句子中作狀語，與句子主語是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，兩者往往是被動關(guān)系，即主語是過去分詞動作的承受者。Seen from space, the earth looks like a ball.Compared with the people in Iraq, we are much happier.名詞加過去分詞，構(gòu)成獨立結(jié)構(gòu)，用作狀語。All things considered

9、, her paper is of greater value than yours.(4)作賓補作賓語補足語的過去分詞，大都來自及物動詞。分詞與賓語是被動關(guān)系。不及物動詞的過去分詞作賓補 ,與賓語是主動關(guān)系 , 表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。I saw the house broken into.There is something wrong with my radio. I will have it repaired.The emperor ordered the cloth (to be) woven for him at once.He came in, with his hands tied

10、at the back.動詞的 -ing 形式動詞的 -ing 形式相當于名詞、形容詞、副詞等,也保留了動詞的某些特征。(1)作主語：Talking is easier than doing.It s no usetalking about it.(2)作賓語：學習必備歡迎下載He is afraid of being scolded.I found it no use talking with him.有些動詞后面只能接doing。如： admit, avoid, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep, miss, men

11、tion, practice, risk, stop, suggest等。有些動詞后面只能接 to do。 如： agree, decide, expect, hope, long(渴望 ),manage, plan, pretend,refuse, wish等。有些動詞后面接doing和 to do 都可以，且意思差別細微，或看作沒差別。如： begin, start, hate, like, love, continue, refer等；但另一類詞差別很大。如：forget, remember, mean, try, regret等。還有 go on; remind sb. of doin

12、g sth使.(人想起 )和 remind sb. to do(提醒 )。另外， stop doing停止干； stop to do停下來去干某事， to do 是目的狀語。(3)作表語：Seeing is believing.The story is moving/exciting/interesting.(4)作賓補：I saw them coming across the road.They had their lights burning all night long.(5)作定語：There is a swimming pool in our school.China is a de

13、veloping country.(6)作狀語：Being ill, she went home.Having finished their homework, they had a rest.While reading the book, he nodded from time to time.【注意】1.動詞 -ing 形式的邏輯主語有三種形式：(1)doing 前加物主代詞。如： my doing；(2)doing 前加名詞所有格。如： Tom s doing；(3)作賓語時 doing 前可加人稱代詞賓格。如：me doing。例如 :Mary s cominglate made Mr

14、. Smith angry.She didn t mindhis (him) crying.2.否定式在其前面加not;完成式 having done;被動式 being done。例如 :Not knowing what to do, he turned to his teacher for help.Having finished their homework, they watched TV.He had hoped to take his seat without being seen.學習必備歡迎下載3.獨立結(jié)構(gòu)：Weather permitting (If weather perm

15、its), we ll have a sports meetnext week.Weather being so fine (As weather is so fine), we have decided to go on an outing.There being no buses, we had to walk home.4.with 復合結(jié)構(gòu)：They slept, with the lights burning.高考新剖析1. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it _.20XX 年

16、高考湖南卷A. reusingB. reusedC. reusesD. to be reused2. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, _reduce unemployment pressures. 20XX 年高考江蘇卷A. helpB. to have helpedC. to helpD. having helpedDC3. Dis

17、tinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school._the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni(校友 )from home and abroad.20XX 年高考江蘇卷A. AttendB. To attendC. AttendingD. Having attended4. They use computers to keep the traffic_ smoothly. 20XX 年高考全國卷A. being runB. runC. to runD.

18、running5. Now that we ve discussed our problem, are people happy withthe decisions？ 20XX 年高考全國卷A. takingB. takeC. takenD. to take6. If there s a lot of work_, I m happy to just keep onuntil it is finished. 20XX 年高考上海卷A. to doB. to be doingC. doneD. doingCDC學習必備歡迎下載A7. I feel greatly honored_ into th

19、eir society.20XX 年高考北京卷A. to welcomeB. welcomingC. to be welcomedD. welcomed8. Something as simple as_ some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure. 20XX 年高考上海卷A. to drinkB. drinkingC. to be drinkingD. drunk9. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on thebicycle_ to balance

20、 it.20XX 年高考上海卷A. having tiredB. tryingC. to tryD. tried10. Ideally_ for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favorite with many guests. 20XX 年高考上海卷A. locatingB. being locatedC. having been located D. locatedCBBD11. The children all turned_ the famous actress as she enter

21、ed the classroom. 20XX 年高考全國卷A. looked atB. to look atC. to looking atD. look at12. _,you need to give all you have and try your best.20XX 年高考遼寧卷A. Being a winnerB. To be a winnerC. Be a winnerD. Having been a winner13. _in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the ch

22、eque in the car.20XX 年高考福建卷A. WaitingB. To waitC. Having waitedD. To have waited14. Can those_ at the back of the classroom hear me?No problem.20XX 年高考福建卷A. seat B. sitC. seatedD. satBBC學習必備歡迎下載C15. My parents have always made me _about myself, even when I was twelve.A. feeling wellB. feeling goodC.

23、 feel wellD. feel good精題新探究1. Which do you enjoy_ your holiday, going abroad or staying at home?A. spendingB. to spendC. being spentD. spend2. The pilot felt something_ wrong with the engine justbefore the plane took off.A. goB. wentC. was goingD. to go3. Why do you look sad?There are so many proble

24、ms_.A. remaining to settleB. remained settlingC. remaining to be settled D. remained to be settledDBAC4. Do you know why they practise_ basketball every day? They practise_ in the basketball match of our school.A. playing; to joinB. playing; joiningC. to play; to joinD. to play; joining5. Lily s mob

25、ile phone was left in a taxi accidentally, never_ again.A. to findB. to be foundC. findingD. being found6. We didn t find the Blacks_ the lecture.No one had told them about_ a lecture the followingday.A. to attend; there to beB. attending; there beingC. attended; there beD. attend; there was7. The i

26、nternational agreement, _encourage children notto smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on February27.A. intending toB. being intended toC. intended toD. to intend toAB學習必備歡迎下載BC8. _twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.A. Being examinedB.