新版仁愛英語八年級下冊unit8topic2知識點

1、unit 8 our clothes topic 2 we can design our own uniforms. 重點句型。section a 1.our school plans to make uniforms for you. 學校計劃給你們定做校服。plan to do sth. 計劃做某事；a. uniform n. (尤指軍人、學生或警察飛行員等的)制服； e.g. a school uniform 學校制服；b. clothes n. 通常指身上的各種服裝，包括上衣、褲子、內(nèi)衣等。它是復數(shù)名詞，不能直接與數(shù)詞連用。e.g. she often wears beautiful

2、clothes. 她經(jīng)常穿漂亮的衣服。c. clothing n. 是物質名詞，服裝的總稱，除衣服外還包括帽子、鞋襪等。沒有復數(shù)形式。一件衣服要說an article of clothing 。e.g. this shop sells womens clothing. 這家商店出售女士服裝。d. dress n.作可數(shù)名詞時，指一件女服，連衣裙。dress 作不可數(shù)名詞時，指某種特殊服裝，尤指在社交場合穿的衣服。e.g. my sister is wearing a red dress. 我妹妹穿著一件紅色連衣裙。evening dress 晚禮服；2.can you tell me what

3、 miss wang says? 你能告訴我王老師說了什么嗎？本句為含有特殊疑問詞what 引導的賓語從句的復合句。拆散為兩個簡單句看看其變化：(1) can you tell me ? (2) what does miss wang say? 把特殊疑問句轉為賓語從句的變化步驟：引導詞：特殊疑問詞(不能省略 )；語序：陳述句語序，即“主語+謂語 +其他”人稱變化時態(tài)變化 (第八單元三話題學習) e.g. can you tell me ? who are you waiting for ? can you tell me who you are waiting for ? 你能告訴我你在等誰

4、嗎？3.i like to wear my own clothes because school uniforms will look ugly on us. 我喜歡穿自己的衣服，因為校服穿在身上會很難看。look ugly on us 穿在我們身上會很難看；注意： on sb.穿在某人身上，in sth.穿著某件衣服。e.g. she was all in black. 她穿著一身黑。the dress looks very nice on her. 那件禮服穿在她身上非常漂亮。4.it depends on who will design our uniforms. 那取決于誰設計我們的校

5、服。depend on/upon sb./sth. 意為“依靠” ，依賴；取決于；由決定。e.g. you shouldnt always depend on your parents.你不能總是依賴父母。5.its true that suitable uniforms can show good discipline. 得體的校服的確能展示我們良好的風紀。1）本句是一個用it 作形式主語的復合句，真正的主語是that 從句，類似的用法還有：it is necessary/important/ well-known/possible/wonderful that . 意為“是必要的/重要的

6、/眾所周知的 / 可能的 / 極好的”。e.g. it is necessary that we drink enough water every day. 每天喝足夠的水是很有必要的。2） suitable adj. 合適的，適合的；show good discipline 展示良好的風紀；a. show sth. 意為“展示某物” 。1 e.g. please show your id card. 請出示你的身份證。b. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 意為“把指給看；出示”。e.g. jackie showed her the passport. 杰基向

7、她出示了護照。c. show sb. around/ round意為“帶某人參觀” 。e.g. ill show you around/ round the school. 我會帶你到學校四處看看。6.i agree with you. 我同意你的意見。agree with 意為“同意” 。表示和某人的觀點一致用agree with sb. 。e.g. he agrees with me. 他同意我的意見。7.could you tell me when you wear your uniforms? 你能告訴我你們什么時候穿制服嗎？a. when 引導賓語從句時譯為“什么時候”。e.g. i

8、 dont know when he will come. 我不知道他什么時候會來。（賓語從句）b. when 引導時間狀語從句時譯為“當 時”。如：e.g. patients can find us easily when they are in need. 當病人有需要時，他們能夠很容易地找到我們。（時間狀語從句）8.we usually wear uniforms when we are at work, but sometimes we wear plain clothes to carry out special tasks. 我們通常上班期間穿制服，但有時候穿便裝執(zhí)行特殊任務。we

9、ar uniforms 穿制服；at work （人）在工作， （機器）在運轉；e.g. they are at work. 他們在工作。the machines are not at work. 這些機器沒有在運轉。plain clothes 便裝；carry out 執(zhí)行，實施；special tasks 特殊任務；9.and our uniforms may stop some people from doing bad things. 我們的制服可以阻止一些人干壞事。1）a. stop . from doing sth. = keep . from doing sth. 阻止，防止 干

10、某事；e.g. you cant stop people from saying what they think. 你無法阻止人們說出自己的想法。her parents tried to stop her from seeing him. 她父母試圖阻止她和他見面。b. stop doing sth. 停止做某事（停止正在做的事情）；e.g. suddenly everyone stopped talking. 突然每個人都停下來不說話了。c. stop to do sth. 停下（正在做的事）去做（另一件事）；e.g. we stopped to take pictures. 我們停下來去照

11、相。2）bad things 意為“壞事” 。e.g. mother asks me not to do bad things. 媽媽讓我不要做壞事。section b 1.could you tell me what i should wear here? 你能告訴我在這里該穿什么嗎？what i should wear是由 what 引導的賓語從句，在句中作賓語，意為“我應該穿什么”。賓語從句除了由that, whether引導外，還可以由疑問詞引導，并用陳述語序。e.g. could you tell me where the special shoes are? 你能告訴我專用的鞋子在

12、哪里嗎？2.you should take off your shoes when you enter someones home in japan. 在日本，當你進入別人家里時應該脫鞋。a. take off 意為“脫下(衣服 )，摘掉”，接代詞時應置于take off 之間，反義短語為put on . e.g. to take off your hat/glasses 摘掉帽子 /摘下眼鏡；to take it/them off 把它 /它們脫下；2 b. take off 意為“ (飛機等 ) 起飛” 。e.g. the plane will take off in ten minute

13、s.飛機將在10 分鐘后起飛。3.it is important to wear suitable clothes on every occasion. 在每一個場合穿的得體是很重要的。1）本句型為： it is +adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. ，it 是形式主語， 真正的主語是to do sth. ，意為“ （對于某人來說）做.是.的” ?？梢耘cit is +adj.+that . 句型轉換。e.g. it is important for us to take care of the environment. =it is important that we shou

14、ld take care of the environment. 對我們來說，保護環(huán)境很重要。2） on every occasion 在每一個場合，occasion 為可數(shù)名詞。4.in the last picture, we see its necessary for us to wear sports shoes on the playground, or we may hurt ourselves as kangkang did. 在最后一幅圖片中，我們可以看到在運動場穿運動鞋是有必要的，不然我們就會像康康那樣弄傷我們自己。1）a. hurt v. 意為“使（身體）受傷”，是及物動詞

15、。hurt oneself 傷到某人自己e.g. he fell off his bike and hurt his leg. 他從自行車上摔下來，腿受傷了。b. hurt v. 意為“疼痛” ，為不及物動詞。e.g. my head hurts. 我頭痛。c. hurt adj. 意為“受傷的” 。be/get hurt 受傷e.g. be careful not to get hurt. 小心不要受傷。2）a . or 在本句是連詞，意為“否則，要不然”。e.g. hurry up, or you will be late. 趕快，否則你就要遲到了。you had better wear

16、sports shoes on the playground, or you may hurt yourself. 在操場上你最好穿運動鞋，否則你會弄傷你自己。b. or 還可以表示選擇，意為“或，或者，還是”e.g. which do you prefer, white or black? 你更喜歡哪種顏色，白色還是黑色？section c 1.firefighters wear special coats and helmets to protect themselves from heat and falling ceilings. 消防人員穿特殊服裝和戴頭盔是為了保護他們自己免受高溫和

17、墜落的天花板的傷害。1）此句的“ to + 動詞原形”意為“為了”是動詞不定式作目的狀語的用法。e.g. i will go to beijing to visit the great wall. 我到北京去是為了參觀長城。2）protect. from. 保護免受的傷害；e.g. we wear sunglasses to protect our eyes from the sun. 我們戴太陽鏡是為了保護眼睛免受陽光的傷害。2.when officials dress in their official uniforms, they look important. 當官員穿上制服，他們看起

18、來很莊重。a. dress n. 連衣裙，衣服；e.g. a long white dress 白色的長連衣裙；to wear casual/formal dress穿便服 /禮服；b. dress v. 穿衣服，常用結構：dress sb.(in sth.) 給(某人 )穿衣服；e.g. she dressed herself and the children in their best clothes. 她給自己和孩子們都穿上最漂亮的衣服。p .s.: wear, put on 均可表示“穿衣” ，但 wear 表示穿的狀態(tài)，put on 表示穿的動作。3.when we see airl

19、ine pilots wearing uniforms at the airport,we believe that they know how to fly the plane. 當我們在機場看見航空公司飛行員穿著制服時，我們相信他們知道怎樣駕駛飛3 機。1）when 引導一個時間狀語從句，在主句中又包含了由that 引導的賓語從句，賓語從句中有一個 how to fly. 的“疑問詞 +動詞不定式”結構。2）wearing uniforms 現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，修飾airline pilots 。3）see sb. doing sth.看見某人正在做某事，表示動作正在進行。see sb.

20、 do sth.看見某人做過某事，強調(diào)動作的全過程。e.g. i saw some children flying kites on the square. 我看見一群孩子在廣場上放風箏。i saw him go into the post office. 我看見他進了郵局。4.so its necessary for us to know different uniforms in the daily life. 所以對于我們來說了解日常生活中的不同制服是有必要的。in the daily life 在日常生活中；e.g. we should learn how to take care o

21、f ourselves in the daily life. 我們應該學會在日常生活中照顧自己。5.whats more, we should choose different clothes in different seasons. 此外，在不同的季節(jié)，我們應該選擇不同的衣服。whats more 意為“而且，此外，更有甚者”。e.g. he can play chess, whats more, he is good at it. 他會下棋，而且還很擅長。6.she likes summer very much because she can wear different colorfu

22、l clothes, such as shorts, t-shirts and dress. 她非常喜歡夏天，因為她可以穿不同種類的顏色鮮艷的衣服，比如短褲、t 恤和連衣裙。for example 用來舉例說明某一論點或情況，其后接句子。e.g. you can do many sports here. for example, you can play tennis. 你在這兒可以做多種運動，例如你可以打網(wǎng)球。such as 用來列舉同類事物，as 后面不可加逗號，后面常接名詞性短語。e.g. english are spoken in many countries, such as ame

23、rica and canada. 許多國家都講英語，例如美國和加拿大。section d 1. in fact, there are very few formal days, though there are some festivals such as easter，christmas, halloween, and thanksgiving day. 雖然有像復活節(jié)、圣誕節(jié)、萬圣節(jié)前夕和感恩節(jié)這樣的節(jié)日，但實際上正式的節(jié)日還是很少的。though 是從屬連詞 ，引導讓步狀語從句，和連詞 but 不能連用 ，但翻譯時需譯為“但是”。e.g. though australia is very

24、 large, the population is quite small. 雖然澳大利亞地域廣闊，但人口卻很少。2. what people wear depends on their likes and dislikes. 人們穿什么取決于他們的喜好。1） what people wear 在句中充當主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。e.g. what we did is good for our health. 我們所做的一切對我們的身體有好處。2）depend on=depend upon 依靠，依賴，隨決定，取決于；e.g. whether we go swimming or not, it

25、 depends on you. 我們是否去游泳由你決定。3）句中的like 是名詞，意為“喜好，愛好 ” ，反義詞為dislike ，通常用復數(shù)。e.g. we all have different likes and dislikes. 我們都各有不同的喜好。3. in winter, canadian people wear coats, gloves, boots and hats the same as people in northern china do. 冬天，在加拿大，人們通常穿著大衣、靴子、戴著手套和帽子。這和中國北方的穿著幾乎相同。the same as 和一樣，反義詞短

26、語：different from 與不同；4 e.g. her coat is the same as mine. 她的外套和我一樣。english is different from chinese. 英語不同于中文。4. people in canada and the united states usually wear suits to work in offices, as well as for more formal occasions, just as people do in china. 加拿大人和美國人像中國人一樣，不但在更正式的場合而且在辦公室上班時通常也穿西服。a.

27、as well as 意為“除之外(也 )，以及，不但而且”。 （強調(diào)前者）e.g. they own a house in the city as well as a villa in the countryside. 他們在城里有一棟房子，在鄉(xiāng)下還有一座別墅。i like dogs as well as cats. 除了喜歡貓，我還喜歡狗。b. as well as 連接兩個主語時， ，謂語動詞的數(shù)與前面主語的數(shù)保持一致。e.g. the teacher as well as the students was invited to the party. 不但他的學生而且這位老師也應邀參加了

28、聚會。c. as well as 還可意為“與同樣好”。he speaks english as well as you do. 他英語說的和你一樣好。二重點詞組。1.plan to do sth. 計劃做某事；2. sth. look ugly on sb 某物穿在某人身上會很難看；3.on sb. 穿在某人身上；in sth.穿著某件衣服；4.depend on sb./sth. 依靠，依賴；取決于；5.suitable uniform 合適的校服；5.show good discipline 展示良好的風紀；6.agree with sb. 同意某人；6.at work （人）在工作，

29、（機器）在運轉；7.be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事；8.plain clothes 便裝；9.carry out 執(zhí)行，實施；10.special tasks 特殊任務；11. in trouble 陷入困難，遇到麻煩；12.stop . from doing sth. = keep . from doing sth. 阻止，防止干某事13.a business suit 西裝；14.take off 脫下 (衣服 )，摘掉；(飛機等 ) 起飛15.sports clothes 運動服；16.on every occasion 在每一個場合；17.enter ones hom

30、e 進入某人的家18.special shoes 專用的鞋子；19.wear suitable clothes 穿個合適的衣服20.dress correctly 穿著得體21.keep quiet 保持安靜；22.listen to the teacher 聽老師講課；23.protect. from. 保護免受的傷害；24.falling ceilings 墜落的天花板；25.for different reasons 因為不同的原因26.get help from sb. 從某人那兒得到幫助；27.the spread of diseases 疾病的傳播；28.in the daily

31、life 在日常生活中；29.in ones opinion 在某人看來；30.whats more 而且，此外，更有甚者；31.casual clothes 休閑衣服；32.in fact 事實上；33.on special days 在特別的日子34.the same as 和一樣；35.be different from 與不同；36.as well as 除之外（也） ，三重點語法。一賓語從句（）疑問詞引導的賓語從句賓語從句的引導詞由 what, who, whose, which, why, when, where, how 等連接詞引導。e.g. tell me what you want. 告訴我你想要什么。you may ask him when he comes. 你可以問問他什么時候來。do you know whom (who)