浙江專用2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)模塊四第7講定語從句學(xué)案含解析新人教版

1、word 文檔- 1 - / 10 模塊四五彩繽紛的從句 : 三大從句和特殊句式第 7 講定語從句. 語法填空1. (2020 全國卷 )china first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals to the spacecraft and to earth. 2. (2020 全國卷 )in ancient china lived an artist whose paintings were almost lifelike. 3. (2019 全國卷 )the

2、y were well trained by their masters who had great experience with caring for these animals. 4. (2019 某某高考 )we have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of ing true. 5. (2019 某某高考 )on the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth that/which gives off light in the dark. . 完成句子1. (

3、2020 全國卷 )thank you for your letter, which really made me happy(這使我很高興 ). 2. (2020 全國卷 )understanding her good intentions, i eat all the food that is provided by mom(媽媽提供的 ) with appreciation. 3. (2019 全國卷 ) one afternoon when i was in primary school(我上小學(xué)的時(shí)候), i was walking by the school playground.

4、 word 文檔- 2 - / 10 4. (2018 全國卷 )they also had a small pond where/in which they raised fish(他們從中養(yǎng)魚 ). 語法填空二謹(jǐn)記1. 確定定語從句關(guān)系詞的解題要領(lǐng): 根據(jù)定語從句中所缺成分來確定是用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞。2. 關(guān)系詞應(yīng)遵循“缺什么, 補(bǔ)什么”的原則(1)如果先行詞指人, 定語從句中缺少主語, 限制性定語從句中用who/that; 非限制性定語從句中用who。(2)如果先行詞指人, 定語從句中缺少賓語, 限制性定語從句中用who/that/whom; 非限制性定語從句中用whom。(3)如果

5、先行詞指物, 定語從句中缺少主語或賓語, 限制性定語從句中用which/that; 非限制性定語從句用which。(4)如果先行詞指時(shí)間或地點(diǎn), 定語從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語或地點(diǎn)狀語, 則用when或where; 如果缺少主語或賓語, 則用that或which。(5)在“介詞+關(guān)系詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中如果先行詞指人, 則關(guān)系詞用whom; 如果先行詞指物 , 則用which。定語從句 (attributive clauses)在句中作定語 , 修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞, 有時(shí)也可以修飾部分或整個(gè)句子。關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞一覽表word 文檔- 3 - / 10 關(guān)系代詞先行詞句法功能who 人

6、主語、賓語 (限制性定語從句中可省略 )、表語whom 人賓語 (限制性定語從句中可省略) whose(=of whom/of which) 人或物定語that 人或物主語、賓語 (限制性定語從句中可省略 )、表語which 物主語、賓語 (限制性定語從句中可省略 )、表語as 人或物主語、賓語、表語1. 限制性定語從句中, 只用 that 不用 which的情況(1)先行詞是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代詞時(shí)。if i run into anything that might inte

7、rest you, ill send it your way. we cannot say that none that we saw on tvs were true. (2)先行詞被the only, any, few, no, very 等修飾時(shí)。 after the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned. (3)先行詞是形容詞的最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞或被形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。that is the best film that has ever been shown so far in the cit

8、y. word 文檔- 4 - / 10 when it es to jinan, the first that es to mind is the spring water. (4)先行詞既有人也有物時(shí)。my mother and her old friends talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school. (5)主句的主語是疑問詞who 或 which 時(shí)。who is the person that is standing at the gate? 2. 只用 which 不用 that 的情況(1)關(guān)系

9、代詞前有介詞時(shí)。this is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. (2)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)。crusoe s dog, which was very old now, became ill and died. 3. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的as 與 which 位置不同表意不同as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句既可以放在主句前, 也可以放在主句后 , 有時(shí)還可插入主句中意為“正如”, 后面的謂語動(dòng)詞多用see, know, expect, say, mention, report等which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句通常放在主句

10、之后意為“這一點(diǎn)”或“這件事”等as is known to all, great changes have taken place in china. john, as you know, is a famous writer. tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry. word 文檔- 5 - / 10 小題快練(2020 某某高考 )dr. rowan, whose secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his o

11、wn typing. (2018 高考 )she and her family bicycle to work, which helps them keep fit. (2017 高考 )the little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. as is known to all, china is a developing country. “介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句在“介詞 +關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中, 關(guān)系代詞若是表示人, 就只能用whom; 關(guān)系代詞若是

12、表示事物 , 就只能用which 。 如: where is the supermarket in which you bought the laptop last week? do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office? 【點(diǎn)津】在正式的文體中, “介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句可緊縮成“介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞 + 不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。she had some money in the bank, with which she can help her mother. she had some money

13、in the bank, with which to help her mother. 小題快練(2020 某某高考 )many lessons are now available online, from which students can choose for free. many young people, most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. word 文檔- 6 - / 10 the boy wants another fifty cents with wh

14、ich to buy (buy)some ice cream. 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句定語從句中關(guān)系副詞有when, where, why, 代替前面的先行詞, 在從句中作時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語、原因狀語。she remembered clearly that day when she d gone exploring the rockpools. this is the town where i was born. im writing to explain to you the reason why i was absent from your lecture last time. 關(guān)系副詞w

15、hen, where, why 根據(jù)情況有時(shí)可換成“介詞+ 關(guān)系代詞which ”。there are occasions when (=on which) one must yield. beijing is the place where (=in which) i was born. is this the reason why (=for which) he refused our offer? 小題快練this is the reason why i want her to e to the meeting. (2019 某某高考 )we ve gone to the opposit

16、e extreme of a few decades ago whenparents tended to be more strict. (2019 某某高考 )their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences. 定語從句和分詞短語作定語之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)化如果定語從句中先行詞是從句的主語(即關(guān)系代詞作從句的主語), 則這個(gè)定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化為以過去分詞或現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的形式。同樣的, 分詞作定語也可以轉(zhuǎn)化為一個(gè)定語從句。word 文檔- 7 - / 10 謂語動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài)的,

17、用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語; 用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的, 用過去分詞作定語。如: we live in a house which/that faces the south. we live in a house facing the south. the first textbooks that/which were written for teaching as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. the first textbooks written for teaching as a foreign language came out in th

18、e 16th century. . 語法填空for 99 days, doctor never let up. zhuo huichang, a doctor who has been in the fight against covid-19 for 99 days, said, “the experience is unforgettable, and it s 1. _ honor for me to do my part as a doctor when the country and its people need me. ”on jan 27, he boarded a plane

19、 to wuhan, the epicenter of covid-19 outbreak in china. “i didn t hesitate for a moment because i 2. _ (think)about it for a long time, ” zhuo said. although his child objected 3. _ the decision, his wife, who is also a medical professional, gave him strong support. “this is our 4. _(responsible), ”

20、 she said. during his stay in wuhan, all the covid-19 patients they were responsible for recovered, he said 5. _(proud). one more mission awaited. after zhuo returned to fujian and pleted his 14-day quarantine(隔離期 ), he volunteered on april 5 to serve with a medical team sent to the philippines. “i

21、had the experience 6. _ i could share with colleagues in the word 文檔- 8 - / 10 philippines, ” zhuo said, 7. _(add)that he wanted to make a contribution to the world. in the philippines, the medical experts spent entire days 8. _(share)their experiences. “we wanted to municate 9. _ we had learned abo

22、ut treatment plans for covid-19 patients, ” he said. “i feel 10. _(connect)to wuhan and the philippines now, ” zhuo said. 【文章大意】 這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了卓慧昌醫(yī)生令人難忘的經(jīng)歷, 他已經(jīng)參與抗擊新冠肺炎 99 天。他參與了某某和菲律賓的醫(yī)療隊(duì), 為抗擊新冠肺炎疫情作出了貢獻(xiàn)。1. 【解析】 an ?？疾楣谠~。根據(jù)名詞honor 可知此處用冠詞, 且由音標(biāo) / ?n?(r)/ 可知要用an 修飾名詞。2. 【解析】 had been thinking/had tho

23、ught?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)主句謂語didn t hesitate可知從句謂語可用過去完成時(shí)或者過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 且該動(dòng)作還有可能繼續(xù)。故填had been thinking/had thought。3. 【解析】 to 。考查介詞。固定短語object to“反對(duì)”。故填to 。4. 【解析】 responsibility?？疾槊~。根據(jù)our 可知此處要用名詞, 且 responsibility是不可數(shù)名詞。故填responsibility。5. 【解析】 proudly?？疾楦痹~。根據(jù)said 可知此處要用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。故填proudly。6. 【解析】 that/whic

24、h?？疾槎ㄕZ從句的關(guān)系詞。分析句子成分可知, 此處是一個(gè)限制性定語從句 , 先行詞是 experience, 指物 , 且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作share with的賓語 , 因此要用that/which。7. 【解析】 adding 。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)zhuo said可知此處要用非謂語動(dòng)詞, 且邏輯主語 zhuo 與 add 之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系, 因此要用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填adding 。word 文檔- 9 - / 10 8. 【解析】 sharing ?？疾楣潭ù钆?。 固定短語spend time (in) doing sth. “花時(shí)間做某事” , 根據(jù) spent entire days

25、可知此處用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填sharing 。9. 【解析】 what 。考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意: 他說 : “我們希望交流我們對(duì)covid-19患者治療方案的了解?！备鶕?jù) wanted to municate可知后接賓語從句, 此處缺少賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞 ; 分析賓語從句成分可知, 主語是 we, 謂語是 had learned about, 缺少賓語 , 因此要用引導(dǎo)詞what 。10. 【解析】 connected。 考查形容詞。 根據(jù) feel 可知此處要用形容詞作表語。故填 connected。. 語段填空recently we had a class meeting on the t

26、opic of my dream(關(guān)于我的夢(mèng)想的話題). some mentioned the chinese dream. and others talked enthusiastically about their understanding of the chinese dream(他們對(duì)中國夢(mèng)的理解). we all believe that this dream will e true (這個(gè)夢(mèng)想將會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn))in the future. i also talked about my own dream. i have always wanted to be a doctor. not

27、only can doctors save peoples lives (醫(yī)生拯救人民的生命), but also they are doing a respectable job. doctors can help people to live a better life (過上更好的生活)with their professional knowledge. to realize my dream(為了實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢(mèng)想), i should try to study hard from now on. i must learn as much as i can to get into a good medical colle