(完整word版)化學專業(yè)英語試卷A答案

1、20122013學年度第一學期第1頁共 4 頁應用化學專業(yè)專業(yè)央語課程試卷（A）注意事項：1.考生務必將自己姓名、學號、專業(yè)名稱寫在指定位置;題號一二三四總分分數(shù)2.密封線和裝訂線內不準答題。選分評卷人一、詞匯填空（寫出下列每個詞匯對應的英漢單詞）（共 20 小題，每空 1 分，共 20 分）1、化學性質(chemical property)2、物理性質(physical property)3、溶解度(solubility)4、密度(den sity)5、沸點(boili ng point)6、熔點(melt ing point)7、反應(react ion)8無機的(inorganic)9、

2、有機的(orga nic)10、化合物(compo und)11、烷烴(alka ne)12、乙醇(etha nol)13、烯烴(alke ne)14、炔烴(alk yne)15、ester酯）16、ether醚)17、acet one丙酮 ）18、formaldehyde（甲醛 ）19、ammonia（氨）第2頁共 4 頁1、CaOcalcium oxide2、HCIO4perchloric acid3、CUSO4copper sulfate4、NaBr sodium bromide5、NaCl sodium chloride6、HNO3nitric acid7、HNO2nitrous ac

3、id& AI2O3aluminum oxide9、KNO3potassiumnitrate10、FeBk ferricbromide2.CH2=CHCH2CH31-bute ne3.CH3CH2CH2CH2OHbuta nol選分評卷人20、benzene二、給下列無機化合物的英語名稱小題,每小題 2 分，共 20 分）10選分評卷人1.辛烷octane三、給下列有機化合物的英語名稱題,每小題 4 分，共 20 分）第3頁共 4 頁4.CH3CH2OCH3第 4 頁共 4 頁ethyl methyl ether5.CH3（CH2）4CO2Hhexa noic acid1、The pro

4、perties of substances are their characteristic qualities. The physicalproperties are those properties of a substanee that can be observed without changing the substa nee into other substa nces.物質的性質是它們的特別品質。一種物質的物理性質是指那些不用把它改變?yōu)?另外的物質就可以觀察到的性質。2、It is customary to say that under the same external con

5、ditions all specimens of aparticular substa nee have the same physical properties （de nsity, hard ness, color,melt ing point, crystalli ne form, etc）.通常認為屬于同一種特定物質的各種形體的物質在相同的外界條件下都具有相 同的物理性質（包括：密度、硬度、顏色、熔點、晶型等）。3、Sodium chloride has the properties of changing into a soft metal, sodium, and a greeni

6、 sh-yellow gas, chlori ne, whe n it is decomposedby passageof an electric curre ntthrough it.氯化鈉具有在通電分解的時候轉變?yōu)橐环N柔軟的金屬“鈉”和一種黃綠色的氣 體“氯”的性質。4、Iron has the property of combining readily with the oxygen in moist air to form ironrusts whereas an alloy of iron with chromium and nickel is found to resist thi

7、s processof rusti ng.鐵在潮濕的空氣中很容易與氧氣結合生成鐵銹，但是鐵和鉻鎳的合金卻可以阻 止這樣一種過程。5、Acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes is used industrially to prepare certain alcohols,but is not an importa nt laboratory method.酸催化的烯烴水解反應通常被用于在工業(yè)規(guī)模上制備某一種醇，但是這并不是第 3 頁共 4 頁選分評卷人四、英譯漢（共 10 小題,每小題 4 分，共 40 分）一種重要的實驗室制備醇的方法。6、When an aci

8、d, base, or salt is dissolved in water the resulting solution is a conductorof the electric current and is termed an electrolyte. If no conduction of current occurs,the compound is known as a nonelectrolyte.當一種酸、堿或者鹽在水中溶解以后所生產的該物質的溶液可以導電，所以被 稱為電解質。如果溶于水以后的溶液不能導電，該化合物就被稱為非電解質。7、The reaction of an aci

9、d with a base is called neutralization. If all the water is removedby evaporation from the solution after the reaction, the positive ions from the baseand negative ions from the acid form a crystal lattice of solid salt.酸與堿的反應叫中和反應。如果把中和反應所得溶液中的水蒸干，堿的正離子 和酸的負離子就結合形成鹽的晶體。8、Nonbenzenoid compounds cont

10、aining rings of carbon atoms are called alicycliccompounds. These are carbocyclic compounds which resemble aliphaticcompounds in many ways.含有碳環(huán)的非苯系化合物被稱為脂環(huán)化合物。這些化合物又稱碳環(huán)化合物，在 很多方面和脂肪族化合物類似。9、Heterocyclic compounds are cyclic compounds with the ring containing carbon andother elements, the commonest b

11、eing oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. There are anumber of heterocyclic rings which are easily opened and do not posses anyaromatic properties, e. g., ethyle ne oxide, ndlact on es.雜環(huán)化合物是環(huán)上含有碳和另外元素(最主要是氧、氮和硫)的環(huán)狀化合物。有很多的雜環(huán)化合物很容易開環(huán)，不具有芳香性，例如環(huán)氧乙烷、丫和S內酯10、All metallic hydroxides are classed as conventional bases. Of the commonbases only NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2and Ba(OH)2are appreciably soluble in