(完整版)代詞專題(練習(xí)題含答案),推薦文檔

1、1代詞專題每年中考對代詞的考查都占比較大的比重，通常集中在不定代詞，其變化的多樣性是考查的重點。一、代詞的定義和分類代詞是代替名詞，形容詞和數(shù)詞的詞，按其意義、特征及在句子中的作用可分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、 反身代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞、相互代詞、和關(guān)系代詞等。部分代詞如下表所示：單數(shù)人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞Imemymi nemyselfyouyouyouryoursyourselfhehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselvesyouyou

2、youryoursyourselvestheythemtheirtheirsthemselves二、代詞的用法：1. 人稱代詞(1) 人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分，通常主格做主語，賓格做賓語。(2)人稱代詞還可作表語，做表語時用賓格。如：-Who s knockingon the door? -It s me(做表語).(3) 人稱代詞在 than 之后與其他人或事物進(jìn)行比較時，用主格和賓格都可以。女口：He is older tha n me. He is older tha n I (am).2. 物主代詞表示所屬關(guān)系的代詞叫做物主代詞。物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩類。其用法

3、如下。(1)形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞， 可在句中做定語。如：This is her pen cil-box.(2) 名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，在句子中可以做主語、 賓語和表語。女口： Our school is here, and theirs is there.Joh n s car does nt work. You can use min e. Is this En glish book yours(做表語)？3. 指示代詞指示代詞包括 this, that, these, those.(1) this 和 these 一般用來指在時間或空間上較近的人或事物，that 和

4、 those 則指時間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或事物。如：This is a pen and that is a pen cil. We are busy these days. In those days the workers had a hard time.有時 that 和 those 指前面講過的事物，this 和 these 則指下面要講到的事物。如：I had a cold. That s why I did ntcome. I want to say this: readi ng is very importa nt in lear ning En glish.有時為了避免重復(fù)提到剛剛

5、提到的名詞，可用that 或 those 替代。如：TV sets made in Beijing are just as good asthose made in Shan ghai. Those who speak En glish can volun teer their time to teach poor kids.this 在電話用語中代表自己，that 則代表對方。Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack?4. 反身代詞英語中反身代詞表示“某人自己”的代詞成為反身代詞。反身代詞可以在句子中做賓語、表語、同位語。(1)做賓語，表示動作的承受者就是動作的發(fā)出

6、者。He calledhimself a writer.(2) 做表語 It does nt matter. I ll be myself soon. The girl in the n ews is herself.(3) 做主語或賓語的同位語， 表示“親自”，“本人”。如：I myself washed the clothes. (I washed the clothes (by) myself.)(4) 用在固定短語中。女口by myself, enjoy on eself, help on eself to ,dress on eself, lose on eself in ,come

7、 to on eself.5. 疑問代詞疑問代詞用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句。疑問代詞主要有 who, whom, whose, what, which 等。(1) who, what/ who 用于詢問別人的姓名，身份或關(guān)系，what 用于詢問別人的職業(yè)。女口： Who is that man over there?2What does your father do?=What is your father?Who, which /who 選擇的對象沒有范圍限制，回答可以指一人，也可以指幾個人。Which 選擇的對象有范圍的限制，回答通常確定為一個。如：Who will go with me? Whi

8、ch of you will go with me?(3) What, which/ What 選擇的范圍沒有限制，側(cè)重于種類，而which 表示在一定范圍內(nèi)選擇，側(cè)重于哪一個。如：What do you usually have for breakfast? Which would you like to have for breakfast, dumpli ngs or no odles?(4) whose, whom /whose 是 who 的所有格，通常做定語或表語。而whom 是 who 的賓格形式，通常用作賓語。如：whom are you wait ing for?6.不定代詞

9、不指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。不定代詞在句子中可以做主語，表語，賓語，和定語。常見的不定代詞有 some, any, every, all, one, other, another, many, much, both, either, little, few 以及由 some, any, no, every 力口上one,body,thing 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞?，F(xiàn)將部分容易混淆的不定代詞的用法說明如下。(1) few， little， a little， a fewfew 和 little 具有名詞和形容詞性質(zhì)，在句子中可以用作主語，賓語和定語等。Few 與復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞聯(lián)用，li

10、ttle 與不可數(shù)名詞聯(lián)用。Few 和 little 表示否定，指“沒有”，在反義疑問句中尤其要注意。a few 和 a little 指有一些，相當(dāng)于 some。如：There is little time left, is there? I have a few good books.(2) many, muchmany 和 much 具有名詞和形容詞的性質(zhì)，在句子中可做主語，賓語和定語。many 用來代替或修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，much 用來代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。many 做主語時，動詞用復(fù)數(shù)； much 做主語時，動詞用單數(shù)。女口： There are many students on t

11、he playground. Much has been done by him.many 可以放在復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞比較級前。女口： many more students much 可以放在不可數(shù)名詞以及形容詞、副詞的比較級前。如： much more water, much healthier.both, either, neither 這三個詞都只是用于兩者之間。both 是指“兩者都”，動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，常用短語 bothand如：Both Jim and Tom are from New Zealand. either 指(兩 個中的)任意一個”，后面的謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：Either of t

12、he pla ns is dan gerous. Both of the pla ns are dan gerous.either 常用在 eitheror結(jié)構(gòu)中，動詞形式跟據(jù)就近原則由 or 后面的名詞決定。女口： Either Lucy or Lily has the chanee. Either在否定句中還可以表示“也”。如：leant make cakes. He can t, either.neither 表示(兩者)都不，用法和 either 相同，常用在短語 neithernor中，動詞形式跟據(jù)就近原則由nor 后面的名詞決定。如： Neither my sister nor I

13、 am good at swim ming.(4) other, another, the other, others, the others:1) other 作形容詞時，修飾單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如I will come again some other days.我改日再來。2)another 用于泛指三者以上的不定數(shù)目中的 “另一個”， 其所修飾的名詞前不加冠詞。如 I don t want this one. Pleasegive me an other.我不想要這個，請給我另一個。3)the other 表示兩者中的 “另一個” 或兩部分中的 “另一部分”，是特指。女口 There ar

14、e six people in the room.Four aregirls, the other two are boys.房間里有六個人，四個是女孩，其余兩個是男孩。4)others 用作代詞，泛指 “其他人”或 “其他事物”。 如， Some aresinging and dancing, some are drawing ,others are climbing the hill. 一些人在唱歌，跳舞，一些人在畫畫，還有一些人在爬山。5)the others 指整體中除去一部分后，剩余的全部。女口 There are fifty-five students inour class. T

15、hirty of us are girls. The others are boys.我們班有五十五名學(xué)生，三十人是女生，其余的是男生。(5) each , every 兩者區(qū)別如下：EachEvery3可單獨(dú)使用不可單獨(dú)使用可用作名詞、形容詞僅用作形容詞著重 個別 。如：each student 每個學(xué)生著重全體。如：every student 所有學(xué)生用于兩者或兩者以上的每一個人或事物用于三者或三者以上的人或事物考點摘要：人稱代詞的特殊用法：1. it 作主語，表示天氣，時間，距離等。如：It often rains in my hometown in spring.It s about

16、five o clock now.How far is it from here to your school?4選擇題：1 These are_books. Yours are over there.A I B my C me D mi ne1 答案B.析這里應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞2_ is she? She is a teacher.A What B How C Who D Where2答案A.析這里的四個疑問詞放在問句中全都成立，但其意義不同。What is she?應(yīng)譯為她的工作是什么？”或她是做什么的？”而 How is she?應(yīng)譯為她身體如何？”而 Who is she?應(yīng)譯為她是

17、誰？”其答語應(yīng)為她叫什么名字?！?而 Whereis she?應(yīng)為她在什么地方？”由答語決定了這道題的選擇。3 _ is wrong with my watch. It has stopped _ .A Somethi ng, worki ngB Someth ing, to work C Any thi ng, worki ngD Anything, to work3答案A.析因為是肯定句所以應(yīng)用Someth ing,其后由于表停止工作了，則stop 后要用動名詞。4Mary, help _to the bananas, please.A you B your C yourself D yo

18、urselves4答案C.析help on eself to someth ing 為自己拿某物”。yourself 為你一個人”，而 yourselves 為“你們”。5_ do you go to school every day?By bus.A How B Why C When D Where5.答案A. 析這題的答案是由問句決定的。6My skirt is_ popular than_.A much, her B much, hers C more, her D more, hers6答案D.析因句中有 tha n,所以應(yīng)選用比較級，而than 后要選用名詞性物主代詞。7 Can y

19、ou speak En glish?Yes, but only_ .A few B a few C little D a little7答案D.析因會講某種語言的多少要用a little,把它看作不可數(shù)名詞對待，此答語為：是的，但僅僅會講一點。8Mr. Smith is an old frie nd of_ .A IB me C myD mi ne8答案D.析這里應(yīng)選名詞性物主代詞，這也是英語的一種習(xí)慣用法，而不要選擇my。9“ _do you hear from your parents? ”“ About once a mon th. ”A How long B How many C Ho

20、w often D How much9答案C.2. It 還可以用作形式主語或形式賓語。如:I think it easy to lear n En glish.It is difficult to finish so much homework.5析How often 問的是某一動作發(fā)生的頻率，即在單位時間內(nèi)發(fā)生多少次。10Mr Gree n would nt say _at the meeti ng.A everyth ing B nothing C anything D someth ing10答案C.析在否定句中應(yīng)用 any thi ng11 “ Mum, Anns coming to

21、ni ght. Lets give her _to eat.”“ Good idea! ”Aanything n iceB nice anything C somethi ng nice D nice someth ing11 答案C.析肯定句中用 something 而不用 anything,不定代詞的修飾詞應(yīng)放其后而不要放在其前面。12 When shall we meet, this eve ning or tomorrow eve ning? I dont mind. _ time is OK.A Some B Neither C Either D Both12 答案C.析因如選用 b

22、oth 則名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)名詞，也要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞，由于答語前有 I dont mind 則決定不能選擇13 This is not her kite, but_ .A hes B him C he D his13 答案D.析要注意他的”名詞性物主代詞與形容詞性物主代詞是同形的。14 Dont worry, Mum! _ n ews is good n ews. Im sure daddy will come back soon.A No B Ma ny C Those D Two14 答案A.析這是一條諺語，即沒有消息就是好消息。15 Mary has six apples. Her broth

23、er has three. She has_apples tha n he.A few B many C more D fewer15 答案C.析由于是比較級，根據(jù)題意應(yīng)選“多于”而不是“少于”。16 There isnt _ in todays newspaper.A anything in teresti ng B someth ing in terest ing C nothing in terest ingD in teresti ng anything16 答案A.析由于句子是否定句，應(yīng)選擇 anything，而且不定代詞的修飾語應(yīng)放在其后面。17 September 10th is

24、_ Day?A Teacher B Teachers C Teachers D Teachers17 答案D.析教師節(jié) Teachers Day 兒童節(jié) Childrens Day,婦女節(jié) Womens Day18 In En gla nd, people eat a lot of “ takeaway” food. What about people in your coun try?A So we do. B We do so. C So do we. D We so do.18 答案C.析在答語中用簡略方式表達(dá)上文的一個動作同樣適用于另一個主語時，則要采用倒裝句，但如果僅僅是對上句 的重

25、復(fù)則不要倒裝。19 Shall we go into that shop and have a look?Sorry. I wont. I have _ to do there.A everyth ingB any thi ngC someth ingD nothing19 答案D.neither.6析這個答案的選擇應(yīng)由上下兩句對話內(nèi)容作出決定。20 Oh, dear! Who broke the glass? _ Sam_ Bruce. It was the cat.A Both, and B Not, but C Neither, nor D Either, or20 答案C.析neith

26、ernor 意為既不.也不.21 The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake._are climbing the hill.A Others B Other C An other D The other21 答案A.析這里因為是代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以應(yīng)用名詞性的復(fù)數(shù)代名詞。22 She is not a nurse. Im not_ .A also B either C neither D too22 答案B.析在否定句中該用either,而不用 too 和 also.23 I have

27、 two pencils. One is red,_ is blue.A the otherB ano therC others D the others23 答案A.析兩者中的另一個應(yīng)為特指。而且應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式的代名詞。而an other 是泛指單數(shù)代名詞。others 是泛指復(fù)數(shù)代名詞，而 the others 是特指復(fù)數(shù)代名詞。24. Sorry, I cant an swer your questi on. I know _ about the subject.A little B a littleC few D a few24 答案A.析中文講我對此知道的不多，而英文中要用 littl

28、e。其含意為否定句。25 My sister does nt like skat ing. _ .A So do IB So I dont C Neither I dont D Neither do I25 答案D.析這是表達(dá)上面否定句中的動作，也同樣不適合于第二個人。所以要用n either,并要采用倒裝句。26 Yesterday morning there were only three boys in our room, _ .A you, he and IB I, you and he C he, I and youD you, I and he26 答案A.析這是若干人稱代詞并列時

29、的順序問題。請參看辨析中的例子。27 All the stude nts are busy, so_ ofthem will go to the con cert.A ma ny B little C a few D few27 答案D.析student 為可數(shù)名詞28 The teacher gave_stude nt a new book.A nobody B both C each D any28 答案C.析both 其后的名詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)，而any 用于疑問句和否定句中只有each 可以修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。29 Black is neither a teacher _a worker.A o

30、r B either C nor D and29 答案C.析neithernor 為既不.也不.”的固定搭配30 Our teacher gave u_on study ing.A many advices B some advices C an adviceD some advice30 答案D.7析advice 為不可數(shù)名詞。some 可用于可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞之前31 There are two foreig n friends in the park. One _is from Japa n, is from America.A other B othersC the other D the others31 答案C.析因為是兩者中的一個，所以另一個應(yīng)用單數(shù)特指代詞。32 Are there _ on the table?A some cups B any cupC some cupD any cups32 答案D.析此句是疑問句，應(yīng)用any cups,因提問時的 be 動詞用的是 are。33 rve just bought five stamps. On