高中英語(yǔ)記敘文閱讀專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練之記敘文(共8頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上高三年級(jí)二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解部分專(zhuān)題之記敘文主備人：李甜云一記敘文記敘文是以敘述、描寫(xiě)為主要手法，以記人、敘事為主要內(nèi)容的文章。1傳記 傳記屬記敘文的一種，是用來(lái)記載人物生平事跡的文章。在教學(xué)過(guò)程中，教師要指導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過(guò)時(shí)間和事件的關(guān)系把握文章的主線。此類(lèi)體裁的文章通常被分為四部分，即A. childhood years B. early manhood C. great achievement D. remarks。教師應(yīng)當(dāng)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生按照下列主線來(lái)理解傳記類(lèi)文章：人物時(shí)間與事件成功/成就/信仰評(píng)價(jià)。這樣使學(xué)生在準(zhǔn)確地理解課文的同時(shí)，也能學(xué)到傳記類(lèi)文章的寫(xiě)作方法。 2故事類(lèi)

2、故事類(lèi)文章也是記敘文的一種。文章多以人物、事件為中心，以時(shí)間和空間為線索，按事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結(jié)局展開(kāi)故事。此類(lèi)篇章情節(jié)性較強(qiáng)，教師可指導(dǎo)學(xué)生按照事件疊加、情節(jié)逐步展開(kāi)的特點(diǎn)和解決問(wèn)題，以人物一系列動(dòng)作為線索的顯著特征進(jìn)行略讀，即可以較快地獲得篇章的主要信息。然后，教師再引導(dǎo)學(xué)生按照situationproblemactionsconclusion迅速、準(zhǔn)確地理解和掌握文章的細(xì)節(jié)。二“八字訣”：綜觀 理脈 檢索 整合一、綜觀握要。首先著眼于文章的整體，注意理清內(nèi)部的相互關(guān)系，從宏觀上居高臨下地駕馭文章，領(lǐng)會(huì)文章的主旨內(nèi)涵。其次還要看文章的作者、寫(xiě)作時(shí)間和文后的注釋等，特別要瀏覽一下后面問(wèn)了哪些

3、問(wèn)題，從題目的選項(xiàng)中揣測(cè)文章的主旨，明確作者的主要寫(xiě)作意圖。二、理脈分層。磨刀不誤砍柴功。把握了全篇的主旨，理清了文章的脈絡(luò)，再解答后面的問(wèn)題，就如順風(fēng)行船，事半功倍。可是有些考生不在這方面下功夫，走馬觀花地看一遍文章，似懂非懂，就急于解答后面的問(wèn)題，結(jié)果是欲速則不達(dá)，不僅費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力，還容易答錯(cuò)。三、檢索篩選。先看題目涉及到文中哪些段落或區(qū)域，確定對(duì)應(yīng)的語(yǔ)句，題目一般是從選文里有可能被考生忽略且又不一定真懂的地方抽出來(lái)編成各種形式的問(wèn)題，用來(lái)考查學(xué)生的理解能力。答案要從選文里找，準(zhǔn)確抓住關(guān)鍵語(yǔ)句。只要認(rèn)真揣摩上下文意，大多數(shù)題目的答案在原文中是能夠“摳”出來(lái)的。四、整合審查。應(yīng)注意幾點(diǎn)答題要求：

4、1、看是否要用自己的話(huà)；2、看要求是否有字?jǐn)?shù)限制(沒(méi)有要求在簡(jiǎn)練的基礎(chǔ)上多多益善)；3、注意表述的范圍、角度和方式，用規(guī)范的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)。三 要求能力1、 理解語(yǔ)篇主旨大意2、 理解文章具體信息3、 根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義4、 做出簡(jiǎn)單判斷和推理5、 理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)6、 理解作者的觀點(diǎn)、意圖和態(tài)度四 題型動(dòng)態(tài)1、 主旨大意題2、 細(xì)節(jié)理解題3、 詞義判斷題4、 推斷題5、 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題1 主旨大意題文章主旨給出的四種形式:文首,文中,文尾,沒(méi)有明確主旨,需總結(jié)。雖然作者表達(dá)主題思想的方式不同，但命題常用的提問(wèn)方式有以下幾種：Whats the main idea/subject/topic o

5、f the passage?The main idea of the passage is The passage is mainly about_.Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?The best title for the passage is/ might be_.The authors main purpose of writing this passage is_. 做題要領(lǐng)：文章主旨通常會(huì)出現(xiàn)在文首,文中或文尾，因此尋找主題句或主題段往往是做好此類(lèi)題的鍵。但當(dāng)

6、文中沒(méi)有直接出現(xiàn)主題句，應(yīng)對(duì)文章意思全面理解后歸納概括主旨，但不能太籠統(tǒng)即不切主題,言過(guò)其實(shí)或以偏概全。2 細(xì)節(jié)理解題這類(lèi)題目是針對(duì)文章的具體事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)而出,因此通常能在文章中直接或間接地找到答案.此類(lèi)要求查找重要事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的試題通常以下列形式提出： Which of the following statements is (not) true according to the passage? Which of the following is (not) discussed/Mentioned in the passage? According to the passage, what/w

7、here/Which/who/why/when/how? All of the following are (not) true / mentioned / discussed except_. How does the author/writer feel about_?3詞義語(yǔ)義判斷題這類(lèi)考題常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式有以下幾種：According to the author, the underlined word” means_.From the passage, we can infer that the word”is_. “” can be best replaced by_.What do

8、es the author probably mean by”?By”, the author means that_ 做題要領(lǐng)做此類(lèi)題時(shí)，應(yīng)在文中找線索或信息詞。根據(jù)上下文判斷新詞匯在特定句中確切意思。根據(jù)周?chē)煜さ脑~及語(yǔ)義判斷新單詞之意，有時(shí)還需依靠構(gòu)詞法。4 推斷題以原文內(nèi)容為前提,透過(guò)現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)即透過(guò)文章表面文字信息推測(cè)文章隱含意思。根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)理論客觀地對(duì)文中未明顯說(shuō)明的現(xiàn)象或事例給予合理的邏輯推斷，做出一定解釋。推斷題的常見(jiàn)形式： It can be inferred / concluded from the text that_. From the text we know t

9、hat _. The passage implies that _. The paragraph following the passage will most probably discusses_. 解推斷題的方法：解推斷題最主要的方法是根據(jù)語(yǔ)義關(guān)系推斷具體細(xì)節(jié)。 5 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題回答這類(lèi)問(wèn)題應(yīng)從篇章的體裁入手.一般來(lái)說(shuō),在說(shuō)明文中作者的態(tài)度是客觀的或中立的;在議論文中,作者的態(tài)度才會(huì)顯得多種多樣. 可以根據(jù)闡述主題或有關(guān)主題的相關(guān)語(yǔ)句或詞語(yǔ)確定作者的態(tài)度。常見(jiàn)的態(tài)度詞語(yǔ)有:positive support approval(贊同的） optimistic critical negative

10、 tolerant disappointedpessimistic(悲觀的) indifferent(冷淡的) doubtfulNeutral(中立的） objective(客觀的）這類(lèi)考題常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式有以下幾種:Whats the authors/writers attitude to? The author thinks/suggests/believes that_. How does the author feel about?Which of the following will the author agree / disagree with?Which of the follo

11、wing can best describe the authors attitude towards?五實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)。（I）The most important holiday in spring, especially for Christians, is Easter. This Christian holiday is not on the same date every year，but it's always on a Sunday. It can be any Sunday between March 22 and April 25. Many people celebrat

12、e Easter by buying new clothes. Children celebrate by hunting for colored eggs that their parents have hidden around the house. People also give Easter baskets filled with candy and other goodies to one another to celebrate the day.But the holiday is more than new clothes and good things to eat. On

13、Easter, many people go to church to celebrate Jesus' resurrection（復(fù)活）from the dead. Most people color Ester eggs. Some people hide them. Others just eat them. But no matter what one does with Easter eggs，they are an important Easter tradition throughout the Western world. People from many differ

14、ent cultures celebrate Easter. In both America and Belgium, children look for Easter eggs hidden on lawns and in bushes. In America, children believe the eggs are hidden by the Easter bunny (兔子).But in Belgium, the hidden eggs are supposed to have fallen from church bells. In Bulgaria (保加利亞), red Ea

15、ster eggs are lucky in churches. Bulgarian families also hit these Easter eggs together to see whose is the strongest. The winner looks forward to good fortune that year. Still dozens of other Easter traditions exist. In parts of Austria，for example，children sing from door to door and are rewarded w

16、ith colorful eggs.1Easter comes _.A. on the same date every year B. on Sunday on March 22C. on Sunday on April 25 D. on a Sunday between March 22 and April 252To celebrate Easter, people _.A. go shopping, hide colored eggs and children hunt for themB. give Easter baskets filled candy and goodies to

17、one anotherC. buy new clothes, hide colored eggs and children look for them around the houseD. both B and C3For Christians the more important thing to do on Easter is_.A. going to church to celebrate Jesus' resurrectionB. buying new clothesC. eating delicious food and paint color eggsD. exchange

18、 beautiful gifts each other4People from different cultures have different ideas about Easter egg _.A. In both American and Belgium, children hunt for Easter eggs hidden in rooms and in bushesB. In Belgium, the hidden eggs are thought to have fallen from doorbellsC. In American, children believe the

19、eggs are hidden by the Easter bunnyD. In America, the hidden eggs are supposed to have fallen from doorbells5In some places of Austria, children sing from door to door for_.A. blesses              B. Easter eggsC. candy and goodies

20、0;    D. Easter bunny1-5 DDACB（II）I've loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough to sit above the top of it. Mother sat writing letters. Standing by her chair, looking at the ink bottle, pens, and white paper, I decided that the act of writing must be a most wonderfu

21、l thing in the world.Years later, during her final illness, Mother kept different things for my sister and brother. "But the desk," she said again, "is for Elizabeth."I never saw her angry, never saw her cry. I knew she loved me; she showed in action. But as a young girl. I wante

22、d to have heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter.They never happened. And a gulf opened between us. I was "too emotional (易動(dòng)感情的)". But she lived "on the surface (表面)".As years passed and I had my own family. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family. I wrot

23、e to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way she chose that she did forgive me.My hope turned to disappointment, then little interest and, finally, peace - it seemed that nothing happened. I couldn't be sure that the letter had even got to Mother. I only knew that I had writ

24、ten it, and I could stop trying to make her into someone she was not.But the present of her desk told me, as she'd never been able to, that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work. I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside - a photo of my father and a one-paper letter, fo

25、lded and refolded many times. It was my letter."In any way you choose, Mother, you always chose the act that speaks louder than words."1The writer began to love her mother's desk_.Aafter Mother died           Bbefore she became a writer

26、Cwhen she was a child        Dwhen Mother gave it to her2The passage shows that_.AMother was cold on the surface but kind in her heart to her daughterBMother was too serious about her daughter in wordsCMother wrote to her daughter in careful wordsDMother wrote to h

27、er daughter in careless words3The underlined word "gulf" in the passage means_.Adeep understanding between the old and the youngBdifferent ideas between mother and daughterCfree talks between mother and daughterDpart of the sea going far in land4What did Mother do with her daughter's l

28、etter asking for forgiveness?AShe had never received the letter.BFor years, she often talked about the letter.CShe didn't forgive her daughter at all in all her life.DShe read the letter again and again till she died.5What's best title of the passage?AMy letter to Mother   

29、60;         BMother and childrenCMy Mother's Desk              DTalks between Mother and me1-5 CABDC（III）Mr. Black and Mr. White were two very famous artists in the city. Their drawings were

30、also very popular in the city. But they tried to see who could draw the best picture.One day they asked an old man to be the judge. Mr. Black drew an apple tree. He put his picture in the field. Soon the birds came and tried to eat the apples. The old man saw it and said, "You have certainly wo

31、n. Mr. White cannot draw so good a picture as yours. But we will go to see his picture."They went to Mr. White's house. There were nothing but red beautiful curtains on the wall. The old man asked, "Where is your picture, Mr. White?" He said, "Lift the curtains, and you will

32、find my picture." The old man tried to lift the curtains but found that they were drawn there. They were Mr. White's picture. The old man said, "Birds thought the apples were real. Men thought the curtains were real. So Mr. White won. His picture is the best one."1. Mr. Black drew

33、       .A. an apple tree        B. the best pictureC. curtains            D. birds2. The old man thought Mr. Black's picture was good because      

34、; .A. it was in the field        B. it was an apple treeC. the birds liked it         D. the birds thought it was real3. Mr. White's picture was       .A. an apple tree    

35、;    B. curtains      C. nothing      D. an old man4. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The birds came and ate the apples up.B. The old man said Mr. White's picture was the best one at last.C. The two pictures were not s

36、o good.D. The curtains on the wall were real.1-4 ADBB（IV）People in the United States honor their parents with two special days: Mother's Day, on the second Sunday in May, and Father's Day, on the third Sunday in June. These days are set aside to show love and respect for parents. They raise

37、their children and educate them to be responsible(有責(zé)任感的) citizens. They give love and care. These two days make us think about the changing roles of mothers and fathers. More mothers now work outside the home. More fathers must help with child care.These two special days are celebrated in many diffe

38、rent ways. On Mother's Day people wear carnations. A red one symbolizes a living mother. A white one shows that the mother is dead. Many people attend religious services to honor parents. It is also a day when people whose parents are dead visit the cemetery(墓地). On these days families get toget

39、her at home, as well as in restaurants. They often have outdoor barbecues for Father's Day. These are days of fun and good feelings and memories.Another tradition is to give cards and gifts. Children make them in school. Many people make their own presents. These are valued more than the ones bo

40、ught in stores. It is not the value of the gift that is important, but it is "the thought that counts". Greeting card stores, florists, candy makers, bakeries, telephone companies, and other stores do a lot of business during these holidays.1.Which of the following is NOT a reason for chil

41、dren to show love and respect for parents? _.A. Parents bring up children. B. Parents give love and care to children.C. Parents educate children to be good persons.D. Parents pass away before children grow up.2.What do you think "florists" do? _.A. They sell flowers. B. They make and sell

42、bread.C. They offer enough room for having family parties.D. They sell special gifts for Mother's Day and Father's Day.3.Which do you think is right about "carnation"? _.A. It has only two kinds of colors.B. It refers to the special clothes people wear on Mother's Day or Father

43、's Day.C. It's a kind of flower showing love and best wishes.D. People can wear carnations only on the second Sunday in May.1-3 DACVIt was a beautiful Sunday morning, and Maggie and I were returning from our walk through the woodsWe were only a couple of blocks from home when I spotted a cel

44、lphone and a credit card sitting on the roadWe took them homeWe always find amazing things on the street and Maggie looks upon them a movable feasta chicken wing here and a barbecue rib thereI found another cellphone a few years back, too, and called a number in its phone bookI explained the situati

45、on to the guy who answeredHe said it was his sisters and that hed come to pick it up, which he didAnd that was thatNo verbal thank-you, no written thank-you, no “heres a box of chocolates” thank-youI didnt have time to call anyone on my latest found cellphoneI was pouring myself coffee when it started to vibrate（震動(dòng)）