全國(guó)職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試?yán)砉ゎ恇級(jí)試題終審稿)

1、可甄稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試 理工類B級(jí)試題文稿歸稿存檔編號(hào)：KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-【經(jīng)典資料，wo RD文檔，可編輯修改】【經(jīng)典考試資料，答案附后，看后必過(guò)，WORD文檔，可修改】2015年度全國(guó)職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試?yán)砉ゎ悾˙級(jí)）試題第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（第1T5題，每題1分，共15分）下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)畫(huà)有底橫線。請(qǐng)為每處畫(huà)線部分確定1 個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1 The city centre waswiped out by the bombA covered Breduced C destroyed Dmoved2 Thecontemp

2、the felt for his fellow students WaS obvious.A need B love C hate D Pity3 A iarge crowdassemb1edoutside the American embassyA watched B shouted C walked D gathered4 Heinspiredmany young people to take up the sportoA allowed B encouraged C called D advised5 The storm causedseveredamage.A serious B ph

3、ysical C accidental D environmental6 I think 7 for a drink is a bitsteep, don t you?A tight B low C cheap D high7 DO we have to wear these nametagsA lists B forms C labels D codes8 Most babies cantake ina wide range of food easily.A bring B keep C serve D digest9 Joe came to the window as the crowdc

4、hanted, “Joe, Joe, Joe!rA repeated B jumped C maintained D approached10 What puzzlesme is why his books are so popular.A shocks B influences C confuses D concerns11 A the flats in the building had the same layout.A color B arrangement C size D function12 The weather wascrispand clear and you could s

5、ee the mountains fifty miles awayA fresh B hot C heavy D windy13 3 The walls are made ofhollowconcrete blocksoA big B long C new D empty14 Our aim was toupdatethe health service。 and we succeeded.A modernize B offer C provide D fund15 Her comments about men areutterlyridiculous,A slightly B partly C

6、 completely D faintly第2部分：閱讀判斷（第1622題，每題1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了 7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判斷： 如果該旬提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇 B；如果該旬的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。Eastern Quakes Can Trigger Big ShakesIn the first week of November 2011, people in central Oklahoma experienced more than two dozen earthquakes. The largest, a mag

7、nitude 5. 6 quake, shook thousands of fans in a college football stadium, caused cracks in a few buildings and rattled the nerves of many people who had never felt a quake before. Oklahoma is not an area of the country famous for its quakes. If you watch the news onTV, you see reports about all sort

8、s of natural disasters - hurricanes, tornadoes, flooding and wildfires, to name a few. But the most dangerous type of natural disaster, and also the most unpredictable, is the earthquake.Researchers at the U. S. Geological Survey estimate that several million earthquakes rattle the globe each year.

9、That may sound scary, but people don t feel many of the tremors because they happen inremote and unpopulated regions. Many quakes happen under the ocean, and others have a very small magnitude, or shaking intensity.A magnitude 5. 8 earthquake that struck central Virginia the afternoon of August 23,

10、2011, was felt from central Georgia to southeastern Canada. In many urban areas, including Washington, D.C., and New York City (Wall Street shown), people crowded the streets while engineers inspected buildings. Credit： Wikimedia/Alex TabakScientists know about small, remote quakes only because of v

11、ery sensitive electronic devices called seismometers. These devices detect and measure the size of ground vibrations produced by earthquakes. Altogether, USGS researchers use seismometers to identify and locate about 20,000 earthquakes each year.Although earthquakes can happen anywhere in the world,

12、 really big quakes occur only in certain areas. The largest ones register a magnitude 8 or higher and happen, on average, only once each year. Such big ones typically occur along the edges of Earth* s tectonic plates.Tectonic plates are huge pieces of Earth s crust, sometimes many kilometers thick.

13、These plates cover our planet? s surface like a jigsaw puzzle. Often, jagged edges of these plates temporarily lock together. When plates jostle and scrape past each other earthquakes occur. On average, tectonic plates move very slowly - about the same speed as your fingernails grow.But sometimes ea

14、rthquakes rumble through portions of the landscape far from a plate* s edges. Although less expected, these “mid-plate” tremors can do substantial damage. Some of the biggest known examples rattled the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago. Today, scientists are still puzzling over why

15、 the quakes occurred and when similar ones might occur.16 . Oklahoma is an area often experiencing natural disasters.A. Right B Wrong C. Not mentioned17 . The earthquake is the most unpredictable natural disaster.A. Right B Wrong C. Not mentioned18 . Few earthquakes happen without peoples awareness.

16、A. Right B Wrong C. Not mentioned19 . Seismometers can identify and locate most of the earthquakes in China.A. Right B Wrong C. Not mentioned20 . Big earthquakes of a magnitude 8 or higher seldom happen far from the edges of tectonic plates.A. Right B Wrong C. Not mentioned21 . Whenever tectonic pla

17、tes move, earthquakes happen.A. Right B Wrong C. Not mentioned22 . The earthquake that hit the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago is the biggest mid-plate one in history.A. Right B Wrong C. Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第2330題，每題1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第2326題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中 為第25段每段選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)

18、題；第2730題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中 為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。Learn about Noble Gases （惰性氣體）1 Have you ever ridden on a balloon Many tourist spots offer balloon rides in order for people to see the beauty of a place from above. A balloon contains a noble gas called helium（氮） Formerly, balloons contained hydrogen but hydrogen i

19、s very flammable and dangerous when uncontrolled. Therefore, people shifted to helium, which is safer. Helium is safe because it has the properties of the noble gases.2 People once believed that noble gases couldn* t chemically react at all. For this reason, they were called inert gases（惰性氣 體）. They

20、 were also listed under Group 0 in the old periodic table because scientists believed that the gases have zero valence（fr）electrons in their outer shell. This was later proven to be untrue when some noble gas compounds were discovered.3 The gases are elements, which share similar properties. These p

21、roperties include being monoatomic, colorless, odorless, being able to conduct electricity, and having low chemical reactivity. Noble gases include Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon. These are all found in Group 18, in the rightmost column of the periodic table. If you look at the period

22、ic table, you will notice that these elements are the only ones, which do not have a charge. Helium has the lowest molecular（分子的）weight while Radon is the heaviest.4 Remember that chemical reactions occur because atoms have valence electrons, which are electrons in their outer shell. When the outer

23、shell is “unfilled” or the required number of electrons is not yet complete, the atom is more reactive. Noble gases have a full outer shell, meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell. This complete number varies. For instance, the outer shell of Helium has 2 valence electrons wh

24、ile the outer shell of Xenon has 8 electrons. Nowadays, there remains to be a few noble gases because of the low chemical reactivity of these said gases.5 because of their properties, noble gases have many important applications. They are widely used in medicine and industries. For instance, liquid

25、Helium is used for superconducting magnets（磁體）. These magnets are very important in physics and medicine. When a doctor suspects that a person? s brain has been damaged, he might request for Magnetic Resonance Imaging（MRI）. MRI allows the doctor to “see the brain, without operating on the patient.23

26、.paragraph 224.paragraph 325.paragraph 426.paragraph 5A. What are noble gases?B. what is the periodic table?C. What causes the low chemical reactivity of noble gases?D. How were noble gases understood in the past?E. How were noble gases discovered?F What are the applications of noble gases?27. Noble

27、 gases are not very chemically.28. Among the elements of noble gases Helium is the.29. The required number of electrons in noble gases outer shell is.30. MR I may make operating on the patient . A.lightestB. reactiveC. importantD. completeE. flammableF unnecessary第4部分：閱讀理解(第3145題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每

28、篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1 個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇 Gross National HappinessIn the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist(佛教

29、)culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to b

30、ecome modern, but without losing its traditions.King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product(GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is makin

31、g progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his countryf s progress by people s happiness. If the peoplef s happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happi

32、ness(GNH).GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are ha

33、ppier when they have a good, stable government.Now there is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Teenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese c

34、ontinue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and polit

35、ical candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan? s GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to c

36、reate new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress

37、in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.31. Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?A. A president.B. A Buddhist priest.C. A king.D. A general.32. Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?A. To make its population grow.B. To keep it separate from the world.C.

38、To encourage its people to get rich.D. To keep its traditions and customs.33. A country shows its progress with GNP by A. spending more money.B. spending less money.C. selling more products.D. providing more jobs.34. According to GNH, people are happier if they A. have new technology.B. have a good,

39、 stable government.C. can change their religion.D. have more money.35. Today many countries areA. trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.B. using the principles of GNH to measure their progress.C. working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH.D. taking both Bhutan and Brazil

40、as symbols for social progress. 第二篇 Archive Gallery: The Best of Bionics （仿生學(xué)）Humans might be the most highly-evolved species on the planet, but most animals possess skills we can only dream of having. Imagine how much electricity we could save if we could see in the dark the way cats do. Imagine le

41、aping from tree to tree like a monkey. Giraffes（長(zhǎng)頸鹿），which are otherwise calm and good-natured, sleep only 4. 6 hours a day.We realized a long, long time ago that nature provides the best blueprint （藍(lán)圖） for invention. Weve borrowed canals from beavers （JoJ 貍）and reflectors from cats eyes. Although t

42、he words bionics” became popular only after the 1960s, history shows that nature has always provided ideas on solving everyday problems. Our archives（檔 案） dont go back to the time of Leonardo da Vinci and his bird-like flying machines, but we can take you to the late 19th century, where we applied t

43、hose same principles for building our first practical airplanes.To prepare for their flight at Kitty Hawk, the Wright brothers studied the movements of pigeons to figure out how they stayed high up when they were heavier than air. Their success inspired scores of successors to improve on the airplan

44、e by studying various aspects of nature. One of Orville Wrights pupils caught and stuffed seagulls to examine their wingspan. Meanwhile, two French inventors examined spinning sycamore （梧桐）seeds in an effort to apply those same motions, reversed, to a helicopter.Some examples are more obvious than o

45、thers. The outside of the airplane designed by the Wright brothers looks like a minimalistic （簡(jiǎn)單抽象藝術(shù)）structure. On the other hand, Barney Cornett * s fish submarine （：替水艇） actually looks like a fish.Some bio-inspired concepts have yet to be invented. In the 1960s, the US Army commissioned several un

46、iversity professors to conduct research on the motor skills of animals in hope of applying those same abilities to tanks. Tanks that run like horses or jump like grasshoppers（螞蚱）- sounds shocking, doesnt it But imagine how life would change if we could achieve that.36. “Cats, monkeys and giraffes“ m

47、entioned in paragraph 1 are examples to illustrateA. animals have skills that humans do not possess.B. they are highly-evolved species as humans.C. humans can learn animals skills.D. they are skillful in different ways.37. Which of the following can be found in the archive gallery?A. History books.B

48、. The Wright brothers sculpture.C. Leonardo da Vincis bird-like flying machines.D. First practical airplanes built in the late 19th century.38. What happened after the Wright brothers success?A. People carried out a systematic study on pigeons.B. People could fly their airplane for fun.C. People stu

49、died more animals and plants to develop the airplane.D. People kept their airplane at a French gallery.39. Which of the following is true about the research carried out by the US Army?A. It has changed our life.B It has not succeeded yet.C. It has cost a large sum of money.D. It has improved the abi

50、lities of tanks.40. What does the writer want to tell in the passage?A. Some animals possess unique skills.B. Many inventions get ideas from nature.C. People should protect nature.D. Bionics is far from perfect.第三篇“Life Form Found on Saturn，s TitanScientists say they have discovered hints of alien l

51、ife on the Saturns moon. The discovery of a sort of life was announced after researchers at the US space agency, NASA, analyzed data from spacecraft Cassini, which pointed to the existence of methane-based form of life on Saturns biggest moon.Scientists have reportedly discovered clues showing primi

52、tive alien beings are breathing in Titans dense atmosphere filled with hydrogen.They argue that hydrogen gets absorbed before hitting Titans planet-like surface covered with methane lakes and rivers. This, they say, points to the existence of some bugs consuming the hydrogen at the surface of the mo

53、on less than half the size of the Earth.We suggested hydrogen consumption because its the obvious gas for life to consume on Titan, similar to the way we consume oxygen on Earth, says NASA scientist Chris McKay. If these signs do turn out to be a sign of life, it would be doubly exciting because it

54、would represent a second form of life independent from water-based life on Earth. To date, scientists have not yet detected this form of life anywhere, though there are liquid-water-based microorganisms on Earth that grow well on methane or produce it as a waste product. On Titan, where temperatures

55、 are around 90 Kelvin (minus 290 degrees Farenheit), a methane based organism would have to use a substance that is liquid as its medium for living processes, but not water itself. Water is frozen solid on Titans surface and much too cold to support life as we know it.Scientists had expected the Sun

56、s interactions with chemicals in the atmosphere to produce a coating of acetylene on Titans surface. But Cassini detected no acetylene on the surface.The absence of detectable acetylene on the Titans surface can very well have a non-biological explanation, said Mark Allen, a principal investigator o

57、f the NASA Titan team.“Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should be the last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed, Allen said. We have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-biological explanations. It is more likely that a chemical process, wi

58、thout biology, can explain these results. 41. . What do scientists claim to have found about Saturn?A. Water-based life on it.B. A new moon moving around it.C. Earthlike life on its biggest moon.D. Methane-based life on its biggest moon.42. Which of the following statements about Titan is true?A. It is as large as the Earth.B. There is acetylene on its surface.C. Hydrogen consumption is reported to be on it.D. Water on it acts as a life supporting medium.43. The expressio