初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)一覽表

1、初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)一覽表語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目構(gòu)成用法象征詞規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞用原形 三人稱單數(shù)-s /es表示經(jīng)常性的 動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)Every often always on 天in月、季、節(jié)、年。一般-s -es輔 音+ y-ieshavehasHe goes to school every day. I ofte n have lunch at home.一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)Bewas/ were表過(guò)去某個(gè)、段時(shí)間內(nèi)動(dòng)作及狀態(tài)ago/just now /In 1998 last/yesterday 等一般/去e雙寫 /輔+ y結(jié)尾 iedgo-we nt come-came do-di

2、d leave-left等He wrote a letter yesterday. I studied hard last year.一般將來(lái)時(shí)be going to + V原will / shall + V 原在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間或 某段時(shí)要做的事tomorrow / after next / toni ght in 2010Go come leave stayfly等用進(jìn)行表 將來(lái)Are you going to read ? He is coming tomorrow .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)be+ doing表此時(shí)此刻正進(jìn)行 的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)iste n look nowall the time Don&#

3、39; t 一般去e雙寫+ingtie die lie - 變ie為y加ingTom is writi ng now . They are lying on the bed .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行have / has +PP have/hasbeen+do ing發(fā)生在過(guò)去影響在 現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) 等含糊的頻率副 詞 already just n ever ever分詞規(guī)則的同 過(guò)去式是一樣 的不規(guī)則的動(dòng)詞的 過(guò)去分詞需逐個(gè) 記憶I have been teaching for 8 years.He has slept for two days.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/ were+doing多用

4、于復(fù)合句中表在過(guò)去某時(shí)間正 在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作at this time yesterday ast Sun day eve ning一般去e雙寫+ingtie die lie - 變ie為y加ingHe was reading at that time last Friday、十十宀十葉 had+動(dòng)過(guò)去分詞 過(guò)去完成時(shí)多用于復(fù)合句中該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去 的過(guò)去by the time +過(guò)去時(shí) when after before規(guī)則的分詞構(gòu) 成與過(guò)去時(shí)一需要逐個(gè)記憶 詳見不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞We had learnt 2000 words by the end of last year.語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目構(gòu)成用法象征詞規(guī)則變

5、化不規(guī)則變化例句樣的表過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)would + V 原形多用賓語(yǔ)從句中過(guò)去看來(lái)將要發(fā)生 的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)He said that he the next day .He said that he would come here the n ext day .比較級(jí)形式 形容副詞名 詞后-er前加more 名詞比較用 more表示兩個(gè)人、物 之間進(jìn)行比較時(shí)than /much/ a little far / in the two 等一般/去e雙寫 /輔+ y結(jié)尾 iergood/wellbetter much/ma ny m oreShe is the tall in the two. He run

6、s faster tha n Tom .最高級(jí)形式 形容副詞名 詞后-est前加 most 名詞比較用 most大于等于三個(gè)人、 物之間進(jìn)行比較n the +比較范圍 of the具體的數(shù)字一般/去e雙寫 /輔+ y結(jié)尾 iestbad/ill/badly-wor st far-farther-farthes tShe is the most beautiful in her class.（最高級(jí)加 the）動(dòng)詞不定式 to do沒(méi)有人 稱和數(shù)的變化作主語(yǔ)To read is helpful foran ybodynow .作賓語(yǔ)He wants to buy a diction ary.作賓

7、補(bǔ)hear him sing yesterday Tom told me to ope n it.作表語(yǔ)His job is to take care of childre n .作狀語(yǔ)He' llgo to see a doctor tomorrow .作定語(yǔ)He has much homework to do every day .主從復(fù)合句狀語(yǔ)從句句子作狀語(yǔ)（時(shí)間地點(diǎn)原因條件讓步 比較）He was writing a letter when 1 camen。賓語(yǔ)從句句子作賓語(yǔ)（語(yǔ)序、時(shí)態(tài)、引導(dǎo)詞、客觀 事實(shí)）He asked me if I had been to Beijin

8、g before.定語(yǔ)從句句子作定語(yǔ)（修飾名詞或代詞的句子、注意先 行詞）I saw the man who was stealing my bike yesterday主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) 與被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)（人、物）+謂語(yǔ)+ 賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者 +及物動(dòng)詞 +動(dòng)作承WespeakEn glish .主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)En glish is spoke n by us主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)，先找主、謂、賓，賓改主、主 by兵，代詞變格要細(xì)心， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be pp,時(shí)態(tài) 隨主、數(shù)隨被語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目構(gòu)成用法象征詞規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化例句受者被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)（人、物）+be PP + by賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)作承受者 + be PP + by動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者 在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中沒(méi)有可以省 to的不定 式賓改主謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be P