2017年高二英語暑期作業(yè)復(fù)習(xí)方法策略15講第11講名詞性從句的5個高頻考點與2種解題方法

1、第 11 講名詞性從句的 5 個高頻考點與 2 種解題方法【備考指導(dǎo)】名詞性從句是歷年高考中考查的最多的一個考點，通常是以單項填空、語法填空、短文改錯和書面表達(dá)的形式進(jìn)行考查。解決名詞性從句類題目通常使用的方法有：看是否是考查固定句型中固定用法， 是否可以運用分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)與句子成分來判斷，是否可以運用句子中的某些特定的動詞來判斷。一、名詞性從句中的5 個高頻知識點1 .只能用 whether 不能用 if 的 4 種情況(1) 引導(dǎo)主語從句且位于句首(2) 引導(dǎo)表語從句(3) 從句為介詞的賓語(4) 后緊跟不定式2 .有些動詞帶賓語從句時需要在從句前加it女口： hate , like , t

2、ake , owe, have, see to , depend on, rely on 等，除此之外，take itfor gran ted 中的 it 是位于動詞而不是從句之前。I hate it whe n people talk with their mouths full of food.我討厭他們滿嘴食物時說話。3 .不能省略 that 的賓語從句(1) it 作形式主語時(2) 賓語從句較長時(3) 主句的狀語置于主句句尾、賓語從句之前I realized at once that I had dialed the wrong nu mber.我立即認(rèn)識到了我打的號碼錯了。(4)

3、 賓語從句中的狀語或狀語從句置于從句句首時He told us that if we would all come to help out the whole situationwould be lookingup.他告訴我們?nèi)绻覀兡軌蛉縼韼兔φ麄€局勢會好轉(zhuǎn)。(5) 主句謂語動詞(包括非謂語動詞)與賓語從句之間有插入語時He found , however, that this was not true.然而，他發(fā)現(xiàn)這不是真的。(6) 一個動詞有兩個賓語從句，第一個可以省略，但是第二個不能省略24 .主語為名詞 reason 時，表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞用 that 不能用 why5 .如果指人的

4、引導(dǎo)詞具有雙重身份，則用 whoever也就是說引導(dǎo)詞既是從句的主語也是主句的主語，這時候應(yīng)該用whoever，因為 whoever 相當(dāng)于 anyone who， he who 等。Whoever does n t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到長城非好漢。（whoever 既是主句的主語也是從句的主語）I will give the prize to whoever comes out first.誰是第一我就把獎給誰。（whoever 既是 to 的賓語，還是從句的主語）二、2 種方法幫助你解決名詞性從句的相關(guān)題目方法 1 位置判斷法根

5、據(jù)名詞性從句的句子特點及其所處的位置，判斷出屬于哪一種從句，從而確定連詞的種類，也有助于對句子的理解。What he said asto nished us.他所說的話使我們很驚奇。（從句在主語位置，為主語從句）Everyth ing depe nds on whether you have eno ugh mon ey.一切都看你是否有足夠多的錢。（從句在介詞后，為介詞的賓語，為賓語從句）The question is where we ll go this Sunday.問題是我們這周日去哪兒。（從句在 is后，為表語從句）He expressed the hope that he wou

6、ld come to China aga in.他表達(dá)了再來中國的愿望。（從句在抽象名詞后，對名詞解釋說明，為同位語從句）【典例展示 1】（2 015 全國卷n）After looking at the toy for some time, he turnedaround and found where his pare nts were missing._答案 wherethat 或去掉 where解析 found 后為賓語從句，引導(dǎo)詞不作句子成分只起連接作用，應(yīng)用 that 引導(dǎo)，而且 that可省略。故 where 改為 that 或去掉 where?！镜淅故?2】（2014 四川高考

7、）lf you notice that whe n some one is missi ng or hurt,tell your teacher immediately._答案去掉 when解析 notice 之后為 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，when 屬于多余詞。故去掉wher?！镜淅故?3】 It is still under discussion_ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 答案 whether3解析 句意：那個舊公交車站是否應(yīng)該被一家現(xiàn)代化賓館所取代仍在討論中?！?It ”作形

8、式主語， “_the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not ”作真正的主語。根據(jù)句意及題干中的“ or not ”可知答案為 whether， “whether.or not ” 在名詞性從句中意為“是否”。方法 2 句子成分分析法看從句缺不缺成分，不缺就用 that , whether/if，缺成分就用 wh-類連接詞（包括 how, because等）?！镜淅故?1 （ 2016 -全國卷I）My un cle is the owner of a restaura nt close to thatI l

9、ive._答案 thatTwhere解析 close to 之后為介詞 to 的賓語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作地點狀語，應(yīng)用where。故that 改為 where?！镜淅故?2】（2016 全國卷n）My classmates and I are talkingabout how to do duringthe holiday._答案how what解析 do 后缺賓語，故把 how 改為 what。【典例展示 3 （2014 廣東高考）I didn t understand_this would happen andmy credit card had already bee n charg

10、ed for the reservati on.答案 why解析 “我”不知道/不明白_會發(fā)生這樣的事情。不明白的一定是原因。故答案為why。跟蹤訓(xùn)練【考點突破】I.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空1. _ did this job must be rewarded.2. His writing is so confusing that it s difficult to make out _ he is trying4to express.3. Our teachers always tell us to believe in_ we do and who we are if we want to suc

11、ceed.4._ Twenty studentswant to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read fast.5._ When the news came the war broke out , he decided to serve inthe army.6._ Modern scienee has given clear evidenee_ smoking can lead to many diseases.7._I d like to start my own bus in ess that s _ I d do if I had

12、the money.8.It is still_ under discussionthe old bus station should bereplaced witha moder n hotel or not.9. The reason why he didn t go to school was_ he fell ill.10.He came late. That was_ he got up late.n.單句改錯1.Secon dly, watching TV is a good way to kill our spare time. Fin ally,we can predictth

13、at may happe n in the future and be prepared._2. As time went on, I realized what ridiculous I had been at that time._3. Now I am writing to tell you thatmy city has done to reduce traffic jams in thelast few years._4.I had thought if perhaps thewoman would blamethe man. Beyondmy expectations,the wo

14、ma n an swered with a smile._5. Fortunately, I had a mobile phone with me, so I called the police and told themthat had bee n found._6. That college students are mainly concerned about is employment and their dreamto have well paid jobs where they can live their lives to the fullest._7. There is no

15、doubt if English has become a universal language nowadays._8. That you should learn is how to write down the most important words, not the wholesentence. Remember that you n eed in formati on, not sentences._9. Everyth ing depe nds on if you agree with us._10. He is won deri ng whe n can finish this

16、 difficult job._5【能力提升】I閱讀理解Meet the amazing Eliot Schrefer , and see why we re big fans!Scope： Why do you write stories about animals?Eliot : I ve always been excited by animal stories.When I was young, I liked reading about animalsbecause they seemed like they needed help ，and they were also voice

17、less.Scope： Where did you get the idea forAnimal Distress Calls?Eliot ：Many years ago ，I had a friend who worked as a doctor at the Bronx Zoo.One evening he invitedme to see the zoo after hours.Wandering that quiet ，dark zoo was haunting.I was imagining adventureswith big wild animals ， but only the

18、 wolves were awake.Then he took me into the clinic ， where I meta sick bird.That nighttime visit clearly had a big impact on this story.Scope：Whydid you leave Josie s fate ambiguous in the storyAnimal Distress Calls?Eliot ：So manyof us have known a creature ，human or nonhuman，who s been suffering.So

19、metimes everything getsbetter ，and sometimes it doesnt.That doesn t change the important ， compassionate（ 有同情心的 ） act of caring.I didnt want thestory to become about the outcome of Josie s illness.I wanted it to be about thesympathy Josie and Julia share for each other.Scope： Have you had a personal

20、 experience with an animal that changed you?Eliot ：I had a moment during research for myape novels when I was staying at a bonobo sanctuary（ 倭黑猩猩保護(hù)區(qū) ） in Congo.I d have breakfast with Oshwe， a young bonobo who was too littletoeat with the rest of the group.Sitting with him for a few hourseach mornin

21、g ， I helped make sure that he finished his meal and got the nutrition he needed but italso felt like a gift he was giving me.Oh， I remember thinking ，you re spending this precious morning time with me!1 According to the text，Eliot Schrefer is famous _ A as an animal doctorB as a volunteer taking ca

22、re of animalsC for his social bond with animals6D for his amazing animal stories2 While visiting the Bronx Zoo，Eliot Schrefer was surprised by _ .A the active wolvesB the quiet atmosphereC his friend s behaviourD the violent wild animals3.Eliot Schrefer left Josie s fate ambiguous because_A. he thou

23、ght it was not importantB. he wan ted readers to make a guessC. he wan ted to attract readers atte nti onD. he would make it clear in his next story4.What was Eliot Schrefer s attitude towards Oshwe?A. Proud. B . Frightened.C. Appreciative. D . Disappo in ted.n.完形填空Reading and writing_1_ is a very p

24、ersonal experience.Poetsuse Ianguage as a wayof_2_ their feeli ngs , whether positive ones of love , happ in ess and hope, or negative feelings like_3_ and fear.Poems can describe the beauty of nature, a person ,a dream or a memorable eve nt.Most _4_ have tried writ ing poetry at some time,for examp

25、le at school.For children, it is a good way to explore Ianguage and have_5_ with words as well as to express themselves.But teachers and psychologists have found ano ther use for poetry as a form of therapy（ 治療）to helppeople with problems._6_ are bpnefits for people of all differe nt backgro unds an

26、d ages.Writi ngpoetry can help people deal with _7_ in_their lives death or feelings of sadness, drug or alcohol problems or seriousillness.Bywritingdownyour feelings , _8_ can learn to understand yourself betterand give yourself a voice if you feel you are being igno red.A poem might be a wayof tel

27、li ng some one someth ing whe n you do not feel able to talk about it _9_. And7just because people are _10_or having difficulties in their lives, it doesn tmean they have lost their sense of humour.Poems 11 as therapy can be funny too , as laughter is alsocon sidered to be very good medici ne.Studen

28、ts at a special school in Dudley , in England , read and write poems_12_. Their reason forwriting poems is not just to 13 creative.All of them have pro blems.Some of them have Iong-term _14_conditions , such as cancer , while others have personality disorders or psychological problems.Bywriting poem

29、s students are grow ing _15_ self-c on fide nce.The poems provide a cha nnel through_16_ they can8,and express their feelings.They _17_ help them torecog nize and explore their problems and to develop a positive attitude to life.students poems and publi shed them in a book which is _19_ to raise fun

30、ds fora local hospital.The book has proved very popular , giving studentsachieveme nt.A.branches B . changesA.I B . they C . she D . youhand in hand D . eye to eye 10 . A.hun gry B . illC. thirsty D . happy11. A.said B . spokenC. seen D . written 12 . A.some time B . everydayC. every day D . sometim

31、e 13 . A./ B . isC be D are14 A.salty B scientificcom muni cate with theworldBut the poems are help ing _18_ people,too.The school has collected some of the20 sense of1.A.poem B . the poemsC. poet D . poetry2. A.express ingB . expressi onC. expresses D.expressed3.A.exciteme nt B . angerC. dark ness

32、D.joyA.people B.stude ntsC. writers D.teachersC.C.A.gamesmile DA.ThereThis Dfun.foodB . It.ThatC.exercises D . linesA.shoulder to shoulder B.faceto faceC.9C natural D medical15 A.in B onC from D at16 A.who B whichC that D when17 A.either B tooCyet D also18 A.another B the otherC other D the others19

33、 A.sells B sellC being sold D being selling20 A.a B anC/ D the川.語法填空Three years had passed and things were even worse than before. One can hardly imagine1._ the poor people suffered. Most of the workers lost their jobs and in orderto provide for their families they sold everything 2._ they had in th

34、eirhouses. They could neither get food nor clothing. Many of them fell ill and died.Then they began to understand 3._ the factory owners were their enemies. Butthey believed that 4._ the government knew 5._ hard their conditionswere, they would give them some help. In a meeting they decided 6._ they

35、 shouldsend some of their men to London to tell the government of the truth. Jackson was chosen to be one ofthem to go to the capital. He felt proud 7._ he coulddo something for his friends.A few days later, when Jackson came back from London and was asked to tell about8._ had happened there, he rep

36、lied in a low voice, “ I will never forget9._ we workers were treated there. I will never forgive those who refused to hear us. Friends,let us do all we can to struggle against the capitalists andthe government 10._ supports them. ”10第 11 講 名詞性從句的 5 個高頻考點與 2 種解題方法考點突破n.I.Whoever 2.what 3.what 4.how

37、5.that6that7.what 8.whether 9.that 10.becausen.l.thatTwhat2.whathow 3.that all/what 4.if that 或去掉 if5.thatTwhat 6.ThatTWhat7iftthat8.ThattWhat 9.iftwhether10 can 前加 he能力提升1. 1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Scope 的第一次提問Why do you write stories aboutanimals ？” 以及 Eliot 的回答可知 Eliot Schrefer 從小就喜歡閱讀動物方面的書籍，后 來寫成了關(guān)于動物方面的小說A

38、nimal Distress Calls。 2B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Eliot 第二次回答中提到的“ Wandering that quiet ， dark zoowas haunting. ”以及“.but only the wolves were awake. ”可知，該動物園安靜，沒 有活力。故答案為 B。 3A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Eliot 第三次回答中的第二、三句“ Sometimes everything gets better ， andsometimes itdoesnt.Thatdoesnt change the important ，compassionate（ 有同情心的 ） act of caring