被動語態(tài)的用法小結

1、被動語態(tài)的用法小結被動語態(tài)表示句子的主語和謂語動詞之間是被動關系，其句子的謂語動詞是“be + 及物動詞的過去分詞”。此外，被動語態(tài)的句子還有各種時態(tài)的變化，都體現(xiàn)在be 上。例如： The work was completed on a windy night.This kind of chocolate has been made several times. The road will be built next year. The house was being cleaned when I came home. These trees must be taken good care

2、of.下面我們詳細的來了解一下：使用被動語態(tài)的場合1、 不知道或不必指出動作的執(zhí)行者時。如：Computers are widely used in transport.The house has been broken into.2、 強調(diào)動作的承受者時。如：A third ring will be built around this city.3、 出于策略、婉轉(zhuǎn)、禮貌等不提出動作的執(zhí)行者時。如：Much has been said but little has been done about the issue.4、 有些措詞故意避免用主語，或用“有人”、“大家”之類，經(jīng)常用it作形式主

3、語構成被動語態(tài)結構。如：It is said that another steel plant will be set up in this city. 特別記住下列句型：It is hoped that 希望It is supposed that 據(jù)推測說It must be pointed out that 必須指出It will be seen that 由此可以看出It is known that 據(jù)說It is well known that 眾所周知It is believed that 有人相信It is thought that 人們認為主動語態(tài)表示被動意義的幾種情況：1. l

4、ock, open, shut, move, read, sell, wash, write等動詞,用來說明主語的性質(zhì)特征而不強調(diào)被執(zhí)行者的動作時,用主動形式表達被動意義,且常與not, hardly, well, easily, badly, nicely等副詞連用。如:The door doesnt open easily.Bikes of that kind hardly sell.2. weigh, measure, cost, last, break out, take place, happen等狀態(tài)動詞或不及物動詞及詞組,雖然有被動意義,但要用主動形式。如:The meeting

5、 lasted two hours.3. feel, look, sound, smell, taste, prove, remain等這些比較特殊的系動詞,用主動形式表達被動意義。如:His theory sounds reasonable.The dish smells delicious.4. need, want, require等動詞以及形容詞worth后面,常跟動詞-ing形式,用主動形式表達被動意義。如:This dictionary is well worth buying.5. easy, difficult, hard, heavy等形容詞后面跟動詞不定式,用主動形式表被動

6、意義,并且該不定式與句子的主語須具備邏輯上的動賓關系。如:What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.6. 不定式作定語,其邏輯主語是句子的主語、間接賓語或說話人時,用動詞不定式的主動形式表被動意義。如:She has an old grandfather to look after.Have you any homework to do this evening?7. "主語系動詞to do"結構也是主動形式表被動意義, 主要用于"sth. be to let / rent"

7、或"sb. be to blame"結構中。如:Its not my fault; she is to blame.使用被動語態(tài)應該注意的幾個問題1、 不定式符號to在被動語態(tài)中不可省。The boss made him work overtime.He was made to work overtime.2、 get+過去分詞也可構成被動語態(tài)像get + married/beaten/broken/damaged/repaired/dressed等構成的被動語態(tài)一般指動作的結果，而非動作本身。如：John and Jane get married last month.語

8、法專練1. Customers are asked to make sure that they _the right change before leaving the shop. (2006重慶A.will give B. have been given C.have given D.will be given2. The construction of the two new railway lines _by now. (2006陜西A. has completed B. have completedC. have been completed D. has been complete

9、d3. Although the causes of cancer _, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it. (2006山東A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering C. are uncovering D. have uncovered4. Millions of pounds' worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. （2005 重慶）A. ha

10、s been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused.5. Don't you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. （2005江蘇）A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; what D. should not send; w

11、hat6.   What do you think of the speech?     The speaker said almost nothing worth _.     A. listening B. being listened to     C. listening to D. being listening7. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if peo

12、ple to eat more fruit and vegetables.A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded8. The car which _ my cousin was lost last week.     A. was belonged to B. belonging to      C. was belonging to D. belonged to9. According to the agreement, you

13、must finish the work by this month.     Dont worry. Were trying hard and it _ that long.     A. doesnt last B. wont last     C. wont be lasted D. isnt lasted10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper _ in broad daylight yesterday. 

14、;    A. being robbed B. having been robbed      C. to have been robbed D. robbed11. _ that he would make greater progress in his study of French.     A. He was hoped B. It was hoped     C. He is hoped D. It is hoping12. A lib

15、rary with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift.     A. have offered B. has offered      C. is offered D. are offered語法專練1-6 BAAABC 7-12 DDBCBC被動語態(tài)練習各種時態(tài)的被動形式(1 一般現(xiàn)在時： am, is, are + done(2 一般過去時： was, were + done(3 情態(tài)動詞： can/could/may/must/should be +

16、done*(4 一般將來時： will be/be going to be + done*(5 進行時： am, is, are, was, were being + done*(6 完成時： have/has been + done  一、用read的被動語態(tài)填空。1. A book _ by Tom every week2. A book _ by Tom last week.3. A book _ by Tom next week.4. A book _ by Tom for a week.5. A book _ by Tom while we were visiting hi

17、m.6. A book might _ by Tom.二、單項選擇。( 1. Our TV set _ yesterday.A. is repaired B. was repaired C. has been repaired D. repaired( 2. A wonderful English talk _ by Mr Liu tomorrow.A. has been given B. is given C. is being given D. will be given( 3. Mr Li , you _ on the phone.A. are wanted B. were wanted

18、 C. are being wanted D. will be wanted( 4. This maths problem _ out by little Tom.A. can be easily work B. can easily be worked C. can is easily worked D. can easily worked( 5. The monkeys _ to the zoo tomorrow morning.A. may be send B. may will sent C. may be sent D. is going to send( 6. The baby _

19、 when Mother was out.A. looked after well B. was looked well C. is well looked after D. was well looked after( 7. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildings _ in our city. A. are put up B. have put up C. have been put D. have been put up( 8. People have come to know that their health must _.A. pay

20、 more attention B. pay more attention to C. be paid more attention D. be paid more attention to( 9. The children _ a beautiful picture by the teacher in the classroom.A. were shown B. were shown to C. was shown D. was shown to( 10. A beautiful picture _ the children in the classroom.A. were shown B.

21、 were shown to C. was shown D. was shown to( 11. Mr Brown _ take the medicine twice a day.A. told to B. was told to C. told D. was told ( 12. The boys _ copy the new words ten times before they went home.A. were made B. were made to C. was made D. was made to( 13. Mary _ do morning exercises on the

22、playground.A. saw to B. was saw to C. was seen to D. was seen( 14. A man _ cry for help last night.A. was heard to B. was heard C. was hear to D. heard to( 15. Tom _ watch TV after he finishes his homeworkA. will let to B. will be allowed C. will be let D. will be allowed to.( 16. Great changes _ in

23、 the village since then.A . have been taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place( 17. In the last few years Beijing _ greatly.A. has changed B. has been changed C. changed D. was changed( 18. He _ much better today.A. is felt B. felt C. is being felt D. feels( 19. Vegetables,

24、eggs and meat _ in this shop.A. sells B. sold C. is sold D. are sold( 20. What kind of books _ well?A. sells B. sold C. is sold D. are sold 三、將下列句子變成被動語態(tài)將主動語態(tài)中的賓語變成被動語態(tài)的主語將謂語部分變成被動形式(注意人稱和數(shù)要做相應變化，時態(tài)不變 將主動語態(tài)中的主語變成被動語態(tài)的賓語（前面加by）1. Mother gave me a new desk as a present. 2. I made my little b

25、rother a model ship last week. 3. Ann must finish her homework first. 4. He often passes me my pen. 5. Did he buy you the book you wanted? 6. I saw him go into the classroom. 7. Who often takes care of the old granny? 8. You could give him a ticket to a ball game.9. We

26、must keep our classroom clean. 10. You should water the flowers every day. 11. They may invite him to the party. 12. The teacher will ask you some questions. 13. Bill looks after a cat carefully. 14. She left some money on the table. 15. I have learned 500 English words

27、 for two years.四、用所給動詞的正確形式填空。1.       She _(tell the good news as soon as it arrived.2.       A lot of work _(do for the poor kids in the past few years.3.       The book _(write by the young girl.4. 

28、0;     The fruit from Taiwan _(sell well.5.       We must _(allow to grow hair long.6.       My shoed need _(mend.7.       When it _(rain heavily outside, she ran out of the house.8. &#

29、160;     A new building _(build at our school now.9.       An earthquake _(take place when people _(sleep at midnight.10.   The students were made _(hand in their homework.五、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。1.       He sent an e-mail to

30、me last week. An e-mail _ _ _ me last week.2.       You should water the flowers every day. The flowers _ _ _ every day.3.       My parents gave me ten minutes to make a decision._ _ _ ten minutes to make a decision.4.   

31、0;   Someone saw her go upstairs last night. She _ _ _ go upstairs last night.5. You must put away your books. Your books _ _ _ away.6. Father will buy me a new computer if I get better grades.A new computer _ _ _ _ me if I get better grades.7. Nobody has ever visited the island. The islan

32、d _ _ _yet.8. She is taking care of the sick people. The sick people _ _ _ _ _ by her.9. Do you know the boy whose name is Jack?Do you know the boy _ _ _ Jack/_ Jack?10. The box left on the train has been reported.The TV Station _ _ the box _ _ _ on the train.六、漢譯英。1.     &#

33、160; 這種裙子到處都看得到。This style of dress _ _ _ everywhere.2.       窗子已經(jīng)關了。 The windows _ _ _.3.       我認為青少年應該多做運動。I think teenagers _ _ _ _ do more sports.4.       昨天有人聽到你因為沒考好哭了。You _ _ _ _ yesterday because you failed the exam.5.