初中英語(yǔ)翻譯題解題技巧

1、初中英語(yǔ)翻譯題解題技巧翻譯題在初中英語(yǔ)試題中占15分，題型分為兩種，一種是漢譯英（11分），它分為部分翻譯5個(gè)和整句翻譯3個(gè)，另一種是英譯漢（4分）?，F(xiàn)在先就漢譯英談?wù)劷忸}技巧。漢譯英的考點(diǎn)很多，不僅考查學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言基本功，即對(duì)詞匯的記憶能力和理解能力，還考查學(xué)生在具體的語(yǔ)境中靈活運(yùn)用詞匯知識(shí)和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的能力?？梢詮臅r(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、固定短語(yǔ)、主謂一致、基本句型等許多方面來(lái)考查。漢譯英題的解題步驟如下：1.通讀漢語(yǔ)，了解這個(gè)句子所要表達(dá)的意思2.閱讀英文，找出其中要考查的內(nèi)容，揣摩出題人的意圖，并分析。3.觀察一下要求翻譯的漢語(yǔ)，然后聯(lián)想一下相關(guān)的詞匯、句型，并考慮時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、詞形變化、主謂一致等問題

2、。4.翻譯出所缺的英文部分。5.將翻譯好的句子再通讀一遍，并從時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、詞形、數(shù)的一致等方面檢查一下。1.上課記筆記是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣。Its a good habbit to _ in class.觀察后發(fā)現(xiàn)考查的內(nèi)容為一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，所以經(jīng)過(guò)聯(lián)想，想到take notes 這個(gè)短語(yǔ)，并注意復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.幾年來(lái)，他拍了幾部大片。_.這是一個(gè)整句翻譯，首先想到“幾年來(lái)”這個(gè)短語(yǔ)over the years,它是固定短語(yǔ)，然后想到它所用到的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，所以這個(gè)句子寫成：Over the years, he has made some great movies.3.必須經(jīng)常澆樹。一看到這個(gè)題目，有的同

3、學(xué)有些發(fā)懵，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)句子沒有主語(yǔ)，那么就要想到被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而且是含有“必須”這個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，這時(shí)就可以聯(lián)想到含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be +p.p所以這個(gè)句子寫成：Trees must be watered often.那么，想做好這種類型的題，平時(shí)必須多下功夫，必須做到：1.熟練掌握常用的詞匯、短語(yǔ)、習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)和固定搭配的用法。2.掌握各種句型結(jié)構(gòu)。3.掌握各種時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)及主謂一致原則。4.具有用英語(yǔ)思維的習(xí)慣。5.熟讀課文，萬(wàn)變不離其宗，無(wú)論怎樣變化，考試都離不開教材這個(gè)大的考綱。英譯漢解題步驟如下：1.瀏覽整段文章，清楚大概內(nèi)容。2.分析劃線部分的句子含義，遇到不會(huì)的生詞

4、，要從上下文的內(nèi)容中來(lái)猜測(cè)。3.整理好所思考的句子，注意英漢語(yǔ)言方面的差異，所翻譯好的句子必須符合漢語(yǔ)邏輯思維,而且語(yǔ)言要通順，意思要明確。eg. Do dogs wear shoes? Some police dogs in western Germany do. People made special shoes for them. Police say that these shoes can protect the dogs from broken glass. 翻譯這句話時(shí)，必須把“do”翻譯出來(lái)，否則意思不明確。根據(jù)上下文”do”表示穿鞋，所以整句翻譯為：有些德國(guó)西部的警犬穿鞋。九

5、年級(jí)短語(yǔ)及句型Units1-51. 為考試而學(xué)習(xí)_2.和朋友一起學(xué)習(xí) 3.聽錄音帶_4.制作抽認(rèn)卡_5.向老師請(qǐng)教_6.讀課本_7.制作詞匯表 8.看英文錄象_9.和朋友練習(xí)對(duì)話_ 10、大聲朗讀練習(xí)發(fā)音_11.和小組一起學(xué)習(xí) 12、learn a lot that way _13. improve my speaking skills 14. too hard to understand the voices 15.過(guò)去常常做某事 16.加入游泳俱樂部 17.be afraid of sthdoing sth=be afraid to do sth=be terrified to do st

6、h 害怕某事或害怕做某事 18.in the past few years=in the last few years =these years=over the years 這幾年來(lái)（常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)）19.It seems that+句子 sbsth seems to do 某人某物好像，似乎 sbsth seems + adj 某人某物好像 20.get into trouble with sb. 與某人發(fā)生爭(zhēng)吵21.to ones surprise 令某人吃驚的是22.take pride in =be proud of 以為驕傲23.afford to do sth 負(fù)擔(dān)得起干某事

7、 常與cancould 連用 24.應(yīng)該被允許做某事 should be allowed to do sth 25.讓人扎耳朵眼 get ones ears pierced26.不夠嚴(yán)肅 not serious enough 27在周末 on weekends28.fail to pass a test 沒有通過(guò)考試29.對(duì)某人某事要求嚴(yán)格 be strict with sbin sth 30.the other day 前兩天 31.更專心于concentrate more on32.have an opportunity to do of doing sth =have a chance

8、to doof doing sth.有機(jī)會(huì)做某事 33.休假 haveoff 34.make ones own decisions= make decisions for oneself自己做決定 35.實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想 achieve ones dreams36.對(duì)嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真 be serious about sthdoing sth37.把它贈(zèng)給慈善機(jī)構(gòu) give it to charity38.在公共場(chǎng)合 in public =in public places39.請(qǐng)求許可 ask ones permission40.介紹某人（某物）給某人 introduce sthsb to sb41.偶

9、然的、無(wú)意的 by accident42.大量的、許多的 plenty of43.屬于 belong to(sb eg: 44.叫醒某人 wake sb up eg: 45.用完、用盡 use up =run out of 46.比少 less than47.假裝做某事 pretend to do sth eg: Units 6-101. 和比起來(lái)更喜歡 preferto2. 提醒；使記住 remind of3. 展覽；陳列 on display 4. 老實(shí)說(shuō)；說(shuō)實(shí)在的 to be honest 5. 與保持距離 stay away from6. 意見一致 be in agreement7.別

10、急，慢慢來(lái) take it easy8.給我提供一些信息 provide me with some information9.攢錢，存錢 save money 10.打包暖和的衣服 pack warm clothes11.去非洲度假 go to Africa on vacation 12.數(shù)萬(wàn)學(xué)生 tens of thousands of students13.盡快 as soon as possible 14.在中國(guó)東部 in the east of China15.旅行take a trip16. 為某人提供某物 provide sb with sthprovide sth for sb1

11、7.做大量的戶外活動(dòng) do lots of outdoor activities18. 打掃城市公園clean up the park19.分發(fā) give out 20.推遲；拖延 put off 21.建立；創(chuàng)立；開辦 set up22.與相似 take after 23.張貼；搭建put up24. 分發(fā)；發(fā)放 hand out 25.產(chǎn)生結(jié)果；發(fā)展；成功work out26.幫助（某人）解決困難 help(sb.out27.立刻；馬上 at once=right away=in a minute28.錯(cuò)誤的 by mistake 29.偶然的；意外的by accident30.根據(jù)；按照

12、；據(jù)所說(shuō)according to31.落入；陷入fall into 32.這樣 in this way33.與相撞 knock into 34.最后in the end=at last35.到時(shí)候；到之前by the time36.發(fā)出響聲go off 37.跑掉；迅速離開run off38.按時(shí)；準(zhǔn)時(shí)on time 39.出席；露面show up40.激起；引發(fā) set off 41.賣完；售光 sell out42. 結(jié)婚 beget married 和某人結(jié)婚 beget married to sb.Units 11-151. take a vacation意為“度假，休假”2. dre

13、ss up as 打扮成3. take dance lessons上舞蹈課= have dance lessons類似的有take acting lessons上活動(dòng)課；take singing/music lessons上音樂課4. a good place to eat “吃飯的好地方”a good place to do sth “干什么的好地方”5. 握手shake hands 6.特地（不怕麻煩）做某事 go out of ones way to do sth.7.第一次 for the first time 8.使某人感到賓至如歸 make sb. feel at home9.餐桌

14、禮儀 table manners10. 習(xí)慣于 beget used to11.自學(xué) learn by oneself 12.順便訪問 drop by 13.瞄準(zhǔn) ； 針對(duì)；致力于；旨在 aim at 14.例如； 比如 for instance 15畢竟 after all 16.有時(shí)；偶爾at times17.應(yīng)該做某事be supposed to do sth.18 .本應(yīng)該做某事should have done sth.19.首先 to start with 20.到目前為止；迄今為止 so far 21.幸虧；由于；因?yàn)?thanks to 22. 盼望；期待 look forwar

15、d to23. 關(guān)心；關(guān)懷；照顧 care for練習(xí)題（一）句子翻譯（15分）(A根據(jù)所給中文完成句子。（11分，局部翻譯每個(gè)1分，整句翻譯每個(gè)2分）1.如果你不知道如何拼寫生詞，在字典里把它們查出來(lái)。If you dont know how to spell new words,_ in a dictionary.2.我的生活在剛剛過(guò)去的幾年里變化很大。My life _in the last few years.3.我喜歡我能跟著一起唱歌的音樂。I love music _.4.吃漢堡包讓我感覺惡心。Eating hamburgers _.5.我是通過(guò)制作抽認(rèn)卡來(lái)記憶單詞的。I memo

16、rize the words _.6.每個(gè)人每晚需要至少8小時(shí)的睡眠。_.7.我寧愿呆在家里也不愿意去聚會(huì)。_.8.我們不介意我們得走多遠(yuǎn)。_.(B 閱讀短文，將劃線部分的句子翻譯成中文。（4分）I never wanted a dog, but now Im so glad I have one.9. About two years ago, my wife, Cathy, got a little dog with a face only a mother could love. We named her Gertie.Gertie is the kind of dog that has

17、to grow on you. So I decided that the dog would be trained. This didnt quite go as planned. At 15 weeks old, she was nearly made to leave the Petsmart Training School. 10. She spent every night lying in our bed snoring(打鼾 so loudly that I hardly got a good nights sleep.練習(xí)題（二）句子翻譯（15分）(A根據(jù)所給中文完成句子。（1

18、1分，局部翻譯每個(gè)1分，整句翻譯每個(gè)2分）1.在老師的幫助下，我通過(guò)了考試。_my teacher, I passed the exam.2.我過(guò)去梳短發(fā)，但是現(xiàn)在我把它留長(zhǎng)了。I _have short hair, but now I grow it long.3.我不想讓我的朋友們失望。I dont want to _ my friends _.4.如果你自己不講法語(yǔ)，最好和某個(gè)能為你翻譯的人一起旅行。_,its best to travel with someone who can translate things for you.5.你應(yīng)該按時(shí)到校。You are _ get to s

19、chool on time.6.我想盡快見到我的朋友。_.7.我想知道這本書是誰(shuí)寫的。_.8.他很可能在為鍛煉而跑步。_.(B 閱讀短文，將劃線部分的句子翻譯成中文。（4分）A new TV has been invented. It can turn itself off if you fall asleep or leave the room. The new TV from Sony has a smart sensor(傳感器. 9. It can tell if there are people watching it. The sensor senses (感應(yīng)the movement and body heat of a person sitting in front of the TV. 10. If the person falls asleep, the sensor turns the TV off. If the last person in the room leaves, the sensor picks this up and again turns the TV of