情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法總結(jié)篇

1、學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法A. can; could; be able toCan1. 表示能力”此時(shí)過去時(shí)是could)2. 表示許可、請(qǐng)求，3I can swim.可以。-Can/Could I go now?表示推測(cè).把握很大.could也可表推測(cè)，把握比can-Look! Some one is coming! Who can it be?-It can be him. He has gone to Paris.（不可能）-You can leave now.小。此時(shí)can和could時(shí)間上無差異。/ He could be here soon.表示感情（驚異/不耐煩）究竟，到底

2、”（主要用于否定句，疑問句和感嘆句中。）How can you be so foolish?What ca n it po ssibly be? 到底那是怎么一回事 ？They can be working at this time of day.肯定句中客觀存在的可能性。有時(shí)會(huì)，偶爾”It can be quite hot there. esp ecially in summer.You can n ever be too careful whe n cross ing the road.Could1. 表示能力，can的過去式，過去能夠Could you sp eak En glish t

3、he n?那時(shí)候你會(huì)說英語嗎 ？2. 請(qǐng)求允許（委婉語氣）（問句的答語不用 could，而用can ,）Could Ca n I use your pen?3. 表示推測(cè)可能性（肯，否，疑）We could go there this summer.You could be right. but I don can too/ can never too 表示 無論 都不過分、越 越好”“ Yes. of course you can. I m afraid not.今年夏天我們可能要去那兒。（將來可能性） t think you你可能是對(duì)的，但我并不認(rèn)為你是對(duì)的。4. could have d

4、one 對(duì)過去推測(cè)，可能已經(jīng)。本來能夠卻沒做，差點(diǎn)就He can t couldn t have seen hhere.他不可能在那兒見到她。He could have gone home.他可能已回家了He could have told her. but he didn t chooS他本來可以告訴她的，但他卻沒有。Be able to1. 表示能力，相比can，有更多的時(shí)態(tài)，但是be able to后面的動(dòng)詞一般不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，can則可以。I sorry I haven been able to answer your letter in time.The desk can t be m

5、oved.2. 過去時(shí)中，be able to可以用來表示通過努力終于做成了某事，相當(dāng)于managed to do，而could不能I talked with her for a long time. and even tually I was able to make her believe me.B. may 禾R might1. 表示允許、許可，might提問更委婉。語氣 can, could. may. might 由強(qiáng)到弱-May/Might I watch TV after supp er?/No. you d better not.-Yes, you may./ Yes. pl

6、ease./ Certa inly.-No. you must nt. / No. you mav not. / No. you can2. 表示推測(cè)，有 或許”、可能的意思。might把握更小。疑問句用can/ could.He may/might be right./ I hear there may be a few cop ies left.He may/might come today (tomorrow).3. may 表示祝愿，倒裝。 May + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞原形。May you succeed!/May you all be happy. may might as well

7、意為 不妨” 還是為好等，用 might比用 may語氣更委婉。I m ready so I might as well go now.我已準(zhǔn)備好，因此不妨現(xiàn)在就走。There s nothing to do, so I may might as well go to bed.C. must, have to1.二者表示 必須”，但must無時(shí)態(tài)變化，多表主觀意志，have to有時(shí)態(tài)變化，多表客觀需要。must否定式mustn表示不可以”、不準(zhǔn)”禁止等。Have to的否定式don have to相當(dāng)于needn ，意思為“不必”。Everybody must obey the rules.

8、/ You mustn t lend it to others. /You mustn t speak like that to your mother.It getti ng dark. I have to go home now.在回答有 “must的詢問時(shí)，肯定回答要用 must，否定回答要用needn t或don t have to , 意思是“不必”Must I leave now?-Yes, you must.-No, you needn t. / No, you don t have to.2. must表示推測(cè)(一定”必定”)，表肯定的推測(cè)，其否定的推測(cè)用can 表示“不可能”

9、。You must be hungry after the long walk. / It cant be Jim, for he has gone to Beiji ng.The Chin ese Ian guage must have the large nu mber of sp eakers.must 表示說話人不耐煩的態(tài)度，“干嘛偏要” Must you talk in that way ?must + have + done ,表示對(duì)過去事物的肯定推測(cè)。一定做過.”He must have told my pare nts about it.他一定把這件事情告訴我父母親了。must

10、表示推測(cè)時(shí)，其反意疑問句應(yīng)根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的實(shí)際時(shí)態(tài)而變化。如：It must be nice to take a walk here, isn t it?Tom buys a lot of apples ,he must like eati ng them, does nt heMust have done的反意疑問句有三種情況：從句中含有過去的時(shí)間狀語，反意疑問句用過去時(shí) .The ground is wet , it must have rained last ni ght, did n從句中含有過去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語，反意疑問句用過去完成時(shí)By the end of last term, we

11、must have learnt 2000 words,hadn t we?若從句中不含任何時(shí)間狀語，反意疑問句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)We must have bee n met somewhere (before)t it? must表示必須”有必要”寸，反義疑問句部分用You must go home right now, needn tou? must用否定形式 must nt時(shí)，附加疑問句部分用You must n cheat i n the exam in ati on, must you?3. 表示與說話人愿望相反及不耐煩.意為偏要”-you make so much no ise?-Sor

12、ry, I will take care n ot to.D. ought to/ should/ shallOught to,haven t we?must n t.? 或 n eed nt.?may 或 must ?A Must B Can C May D Wouldought to用于反映客觀情況或涉及義務(wù)和規(guī)定時(shí)，常譯作 只是語氣較強(qiáng)），有時(shí)表示非?？赡艿氖虑椤here ought not to be much no ise in a hos pital.應(yīng)該” 應(yīng)當(dāng)和should差不多,-Ought he to go? - Yes, he ought to.If she is co

13、mpi etely well, she ought to be back at school today.ought to have done 指過去動(dòng)作，表示一件事情該做而未做。ought not to have done表示一件不該做的事情卻做了。should1. 用于表示義務(wù)和職責(zé)，應(yīng)該”.表示自己的主觀看法，語氣比ought to弱。You should do your homework now.2. 表推測(cè),“按道理，按常理應(yīng)該” should + have done指過去動(dòng)作，表示一件事情該做而未做。They should have arrived by two o clock.3

14、. 表示驚訝，贊嘆，不滿，責(zé)備 竟然”I am sorry that you should do such a thing.4. 用于if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，表示一件事聽起來可能性小，但也不是完全不可能。有一的意思Should I be free tomorrow，I come.Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him.5. 作為shall的過去式，用于第一、第三人稱作主語的疑問句或間接引語中，用來征詢對(duì)方 意見。Mr. Smith asked if he should retur n the books on time.shall1. 用于第一、

15、第三人稱，在疑問句中，shall用來征詢對(duì)方意見。“好嗎？” “要不要？”Where shall I wait for you?/ Shall he come at on ee?/ Shall we start the meet ing now?2. shall作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，用于第二、第三人稱，陳述句，表示說話人的意愿，有命令”、警告”、威脅”、強(qiáng)制”、允諾”等意思。必須，應(yīng)，可以”.You shall do as I say.（命令）Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow.（允諾）You shall be punished if you b

16、reak the law.（ 表警告）3. 用于第三人稱的陳述句中，表示條約、規(guī)定、法令等文件中的義務(wù)或規(guī)定The Nati onal Party Con gress Shall be held every five years.表示意志”決心、意愿”可用于多種人稱。will指現(xiàn)在，would指過去。I will tell you all about it./ He won t go.表示詢問對(duì)方的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求，在疑問句中用語第二人稱時(shí)，委婉語氣用would.I m going to go shopping after school. Will you go wit h me?Will

17、/would you pl ease give him a message whe n you see him?表示習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，有 總是、慣于的意思。過去式 wouldHe ll talk for hours if you give him the cha nee.Would表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，不表示過去存在的狀態(tài)。E. will 和 would2.3.1.Used to既可以表示過去的經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，又可以表示過去存在的狀態(tài)。4. 表示功能，能”The door won open. / The ear won start.5. will用于敘述真理，客觀規(guī)律時(shí)“會(huì)”O(jiān)il will flo

18、at on water. / Fish will die without water.F. need 禾R dare1. need表示 需要”必須”沒有人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。通常用在否定句或疑問句中。疑問 句的肯定回答用 must。He needn t pay for it.-Need you go now?- Yes, I must. - No, I need n t.“needn t + have done表示過去做了沒必要做的事情。這件事情你不必太認(rèn)真。敢”其過去式為dared，無人稱變化。通常用于否定句、疑問句、 引出的賓語從句中。m unfair?You n eed nt have ta

19、ke n it seriously.2. dare作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示條件從句和if/whetherHow dare you say IShe dare not do so.He asked me if I dared sp eak En glish in p ublic. need和dare也可用作行為動(dòng)詞，變化與一般動(dòng)詞相同注意：dare作行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，肯定句中要接帶to的不定式，而在否定句、疑問句、條件從句不定式的to可帶也可不帶。而need作行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面都要接帶to的不定式。She didn t need to go.-Who dares to go?- - I don t dare (to) go. I dare say作插入語，我想，大概，可能，或許，這個(gè)短語不要 toG. had better 最好”We had better go now.Yes, we had (wed better / we had better).Hadnt we better stop now? (Had we better