定語(yǔ)從句講解與考試

1、when where why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用法要點(diǎn)1. 先行詞表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因，但關(guān)系詞指代先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或which。如：I II never forgethe year 1976 was full of sadness.（作語(yǔ)）我不會(huì)忘記充滿(mǎn)悲哀的1976年。I regret the days I wasted in the woods.（作語(yǔ)）我后悔在森林里虛度的日子。This is the factory produces cars.（作語(yǔ)）這就是那個(gè)生產(chǎn)小汽車(chē)的工廠。This is the factory he visited yester

2、day.（作語(yǔ)）這就是他昨天參觀的工廠。This is the reason is un reas on able.（作語(yǔ)） 這是一個(gè)沒(méi)道理的理由。This is the reason he raised.（作語(yǔ)）這是他提出的理由。2. 關(guān)系副詞有時(shí)相當(dāng)于“適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~+關(guān)系代詞”。如： where=in/on whichThis is the room he lives. 這就是他住的房間。I can see the desk there is a book.我能看見(jiàn)上面有一本書(shū)的那張桌子。 whe n= on/in/at whichI still remember the year I jo

3、ined the Party.我仍然記得入黨的那一年。I still remember the day I joined the Party.我仍然記得入黨的那一天。I still remember the date I joined the Party.我仍然記得入黨的那個(gè)日子。We shall n ever the days whe n/ in which we lived together. why=for whichThis is the reason he was killed.這是他被殺害的原因。3. 當(dāng)point, situation等詞作先行詞表抽象的地點(diǎn)，其后常由where引

4、導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句where在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。Can you think out a situati on where this word can be used?你能設(shè)想這個(gè)單詞被使用的場(chǎng)合嗎？Her ill ness has developed to the point where n obody can cure her.她的病發(fā)展到?jīng)]人能治的地步。定語(yǔ)從句類(lèi)似結(jié)構(gòu)例析定語(yǔ)從句既是 NMET 命題的熱點(diǎn)， 又是中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)， 其中有些句子 是有關(guān)定語(yǔ)從句的，但也有些句子貌似定語(yǔ)從句而實(shí)際上是其它句型、句式，有的即使是 定語(yǔ)從句卻也截然不同?，F(xiàn)將這些句子集中在一起進(jìn)行對(duì)比并作簡(jiǎn)

5、析，以供參考。 1( 1)The house, whose roof was damaged, has now been repaired( 2) The house, the roof of which was damaged, has now been repaired 析：句(1), (2 )都是定語(yǔ)從句，whose = of which，但whose必須在無(wú)定冠詞the的名詞前，而 of which 常放在有定冠詞 the 的名詞后。2(1) John is one of the students who know English (2) John is the only one of

6、 the students who knows English 析：句(1 )、(2)都是定語(yǔ)從句，在the (only) one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)中， 先行詞是one,而不是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，但有one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句 句型中，先行詞是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。3( 1 ) He failed in the exam again, as was expected( 2) He failed in the exam again, which was not what he had expected ( 3) He failed in the

7、exam again, which made his parents angry 析： 這三個(gè)句子都是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,只是引導(dǎo)詞不一樣,而且as, which 決不能互換。句中的 as 和 which 都是用來(lái)代替主句,而不是某個(gè)先行詞。 as 可以放在句首,有 正如 之意, which 不能放在句首,無(wú) 正如 之意。且定語(yǔ)從句是否定句時(shí),用which 而不用 as。4( 1 ) Ill never forget the days ( that which ) I spent with him ( 2) Ill never forget the day when I stayed with

8、him 析：句(1)、(2)都是定語(yǔ)從句，但句(1)中先行詞days在定語(yǔ)從句中作 spent的 賓語(yǔ),故定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞 that which 引導(dǎo),也可省略。句( 2)中先行詞 day 在定 語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故定語(yǔ)從句可由關(guān)系副詞when或on which引導(dǎo)。5( 1 )Give me the reason why you are late( 2)The reason that he gave us was unacceptable析：句(1 )是why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于 for which。句(2)是that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從 句，that在定語(yǔ)從句中作 gave的賓語(yǔ)。6( 1

9、) Here is such a heavy stone as I cant move2) Here is such a heavy stone that I cant move it 析：句(1)是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞前有such修飾時(shí)用as引導(dǎo)，as在定語(yǔ)從句中作 move的賓語(yǔ)。句( 2)是 suchthat 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。7( 1 ) This is the same key as I lost yesterday( 2) This is the same key that I lost yesterday 析：句(1)和句(2)都是定語(yǔ)從句，但含義不同，句(1)是由as引導(dǎo)的，一般

10、用在the same. as結(jié)構(gòu)中，表達(dá)的意思是”像一樣;故句(1)的意思是”這把鑰匙和我昨天丟的那把是一樣的?！倍?2)是由that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，句(2)的含義是”這就是 我昨天丟的那把鑰匙(是同一把鑰匙) 。8(1) I believed the man who I thought was honest( 2) I believed the man whom I thought to be honest 析： 句( 1 ) who 作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)，故用主格，句(2) whom 作 thought 的賓語(yǔ)，故用賓格。9(1) This kind of plant grows best

11、at the places where it is warm and wet ( 2) This kind of plant grows best where it is warm and wet 析：句(1)是由關(guān)系副詞 where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞 places,這時(shí)的 where 也可以由 at which 代替。句( 2)是由連接副詞 where 引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，這時(shí)的 where 不可以由介詞 which 代替。10( 1 ) There are two boys in Peters, both of whom are white ( 2) There are two b

12、oys in Peters, and both of them are white 析： 句( 1)是含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。句(2)因?yàn)橛胁⒘羞B詞 and 所以是并列句。11(1) As is known to us all, the light on the earth is given by the sun ( 2) It is known to us all that the light on the earth is given by the sun 析：句(1)是由as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，這時(shí)的定語(yǔ)從句的位置很靈活，可以 位于句首,句末或插在句中。 as 代替整個(gè)主句,在定語(yǔ)從句

13、中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。句(2)是含有主語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句。12( 1 ) The sun is bigger than the moon, as we all know ( 2) The sun is bigger than the moon, and we all know it 析:句(1)是由as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，as代替整個(gè)主句，在定語(yǔ)從句中作know 的賓語(yǔ)。句( 2)是由 and 連接的并列句。13（ 1） On May 5th we reached Beijing, where we stayed for a week （ 2） On Ma

14、y 5th we reached Beijing, and there we stayed for a week 析： 句（ 1）屬于由 where 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞Beijing 在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。句（ 2）則是由 and 連接的并列句， there 在句中作狀語(yǔ)。14（ 1） It was October 1, 1949 when the Peoples Republic of China was founded.（ 2 ） It was on October 1, 1949 that the Peoples Republic of China was founded.

15、析：句（ 1）是由連接副詞 when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。句（ 2）是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)句 中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) on October 1 ，1949 特別要注意句（ 2）中 October 之前的 on。15（ 1） The news that he told me is true （ 2）The news that he will come back from the U Sis true析： 句（ 1）是 that 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句， that 在定語(yǔ)從句中作 told 的直接賓語(yǔ)。也可以 由 which 代替。句（ 2）是 that 引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句， that 在同位語(yǔ)從句中不作任何成分，只 起連結(jié)

16、作用，但一般不能省略，也不能用 which 代替。定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1. have plenty of money will help their friend.A. Those whoB. He whoC. That whoD. You who2. This is the longest train I have ever seen.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whom3. we all know, swimming is a very good sport.A. WhichB. ThatC. AsD. Who4.I shall never forget those ye

17、ars I lived in the farm you visited last week.A. when, where B. which, whichC. when , whichD. which , where5.The radio set _ last week has gone wrong.A.I bought it B. which I bought it C.I boughtD. what I bought6.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of hadnt been cleaned for at leyear.A

18、. theseB. themC. that D. which7.The day will come the people all over the world will win liberation.C. whichA. thatB. whereD. when8. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts whoin China.A. worksB. is work ingC. are work ingD. has bee n work ing9. They talked for about an hour of thi ngs and pers ons

19、they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom10. My glasses,I was like a bli nd man, fell to the ground and broke.A. whichB. with whichC. without whichD. that11. He is a man of great experie nee,much can be lear ned.A. whoB. from himC. from whomD. whom12. A harvester is a mach inewe har

20、vest crops or a pers onis harvest ing.A. which , whoB. that , thatC. with which , who D./, that13.1 have bought the same dressshe is weari ng.A. asB. thatC. whichD. what14.In the police station I saw the man fromroom the thief had stolen the TV set.A. whomB. whichC. thatD. whose15. This is the very

21、reason e all know.A. whyB. thatC. for whichD. what16. Please put the letterhe can easily find it.A. in whichB. whereC. the place where D. in the place17. The housethere is a big tree was built more tha n 1000 years ago.A. whichB. thatC. in the front of which D. in front of which18. A ntarctic,we kno

22、w very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. about which19. The reas onI was away from school isI was ill yesterday.A. that, thatB. why, whyC. why, thatD. that, why20.lt was a meetingimportanee I didn t realize at that time.A. whichB. of whichC. thatD. whose21

23、. This is the store we visited the famous shop assistants.A. whereB. thereC. thatD. which22. They have decided to stay at home, I think ,a wise choice.A. which , are B. which , isC. that , areD. that , is23. AII the applesfell dow n were eate n by the pigs.A. thoseB. that24. Did you see the man?A.I

24、no dded just nowC. whom I no dded to himC. whichD. whatB. whom I no dded just nowD. whom I no dded to just now25.1,your good friend, will try my best to help you.A. who isB. who amC. that is26.-How do you like the book?-It s quite differe nt fromI read last mon th.A. thatB. whichC. the one what27.Is

25、 oxyge n the only gashelps fire bur n?A. thatB./C. which28. I ll tell youhe told me last week.A. all whichB. all whatC. that allD. what isD. the oneD. itD. all that29.ln the dark street, t here wasn t a single personshe could turn for help.A. to whomB whoC. from whomD. that3O.Willma won three Olympi

26、c gold medals in track,made her mother very happy.A. itB. thatC. whichD. this31.She heard a terrible no ise, brought her heart into her mouth.A. itB. whichC. thisD. that32. His parents wouldn t let him marry anyonefamily was poor.A. of whomB. whomC. of whoseD. whose33. The weather turned out to be v

27、ery good,was more tha n we could expect.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it34.After livi ng in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small tow nhe grew up as a child.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. whe n35.I shall n ever forget those yearsI lived in the country with the farmers.A. thatB. whe nC. whichD./36. I

28、don t like the way you speak to her.C. whichA. /B. in thatD. of which37. Is there any other reader wants to renew his book?A. whoB. whomC. whose38. I d like to buy the same bike_ you are riding.A. thatB. thatC. as39. He has two sons, are soldiers.A. both of them B. n either of which C. n either of w

29、hom40. Is this book you want to borrow from the library?A. thatB. whichC. the oneD. whichD. likeD. both of whomD. /定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)比練習(xí)1. (1) It is such a moder n machinefew of the workers know how to operate it.(2) It is such a moder n machinefew of the workers know how to operate.A. whichB. thatC. asD. the on

30、e2. (1) Is this museumthey visited yesterday?(2) Is this the museumthey visited yesterday?(3) Is this farmyou used to work?A. whereB. thatC. in whichD. the one3. (1) The sun is bigger tha n the moon,we all know it.(2) The sun is bigger tha n the moon,we all know.A. andB. thatC. whichD. as4. (1)is we

31、ll known to us all, the earth goes round the sun.(2)is well known to us all that the earth goes round the sun.A. ThatB. AsC. ItD. Which5. (1) He failed in the exam aga in,was expected.(2) He failed in the exam aga in,made his pare nts an gry.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what6. (1) I have two sisters,are d

32、octors.(2) I have two sisters, andare doctors.D. each of themA. both of them B. both of whomC. n either of whom7. (1) I ll never forget the daysI spent with him.(2) I ll never forget the days I was born.D. both A and CA. when B. which C. on which8. (1) It was midnight they returned to their village?(2) It was at