AmericanBodyLanguage美國人的肢體語言.

1、American Body Language （美國人的肢體語言 ）The boy and girl glance around the crowded room. Their eyes meet.Embarrassed,they look away. Nervously, they steal glances at each other, averting their eyes when they see the other one looking back. The boy acts cool, crossing his legs and affecting a casual air-ev

2、en though his heart is beating wildly. The girl, obviously smitten herself, is afraid the boy will see her looking at him. A few seconds pass. He looks at her again. She starts to blush. He nervously looks at the ceiling and whistles softly to himself. They continue their cat-and-mouse game for a se

3、emingly inter-minable period of time. Will they ever talk to each other?那個(gè)男孩和女孩瞥視那擁擠的屋內(nèi)。 他們的視線相遇了。 不好意思， 又把視線挪開。惴惴不安地，他們互相偷看著，當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)方也在回望自己時(shí)，又轉(zhuǎn) 移視線。男孩表現(xiàn)得很酷，交叉著雙腿，裝著一副漫不經(jīng)心的樣子 -雖然他的心正狂野地跳動(dòng)著；女孩，顯然地已墜入情網(wǎng)，很怕男孩看到自己在看他。幾秒鐘 過去了，他再度看她；她的臉紅了起來。 他緊張地看著天花板， 自己輕吹著口哨。他們似乎沒完沒了地玩著這個(gè)貓捉老鼠的游戲。他們到底會(huì)不會(huì)交談呢？The fact is, the

4、y have already communicated a lot, without ever sayinganything. Nonverbal elements form a major part of any communication interchange.Some people would say it's the most important part. According to one study, words convey only 7 percent of a person's message. Intonation and voice quality co

5、mmunicate 38 percent, and nonverbal cues transmit a whopping 55 percent. That means people pick up more from nonverbal communication than from the words a person says. When studying about a foreign culture then, it just makes sense to pay attention to how people use nonverbal cues.事實(shí)上，他們沒說一句就已經(jīng)溝通過了。

6、 非語言之要素在任何形式的雙向溝通中占了很重要的一部份。 有些人會(huì)認(rèn)為那是最重要的一部份。 根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研 究，言語只傳達(dá)了百分之七的訊息。 語調(diào)及音色傳達(dá)了百分之三十八， 而非語言 的暗示傳遞了極大的百分之五十五。 這就表示了人們從非語言溝通中領(lǐng)悟到的比 從說出來的話語中的還多。 所以， 在研習(xí)一個(gè)外國文化時(shí)， 注意人們?nèi)绾问褂梅?語言暗示是很有道理的。Gestures comprise a major form of nonverbal communication. In contrast tosign language, used by deaf people to communicate

7、elaborate messages,gestures function as visual icons which represent a single idea. But often these gestures are embarrassingly culture-bound. For example, when the Maoris of New Zealand stick out their tongue at someone, it is a sign of respect. When American schoolchildren make the same gesture, i

8、t means just the opposite. Also, Americans often indicate "OK" with their thumb and forefinger touching to form a circle. The same gesture means "money" to the Japanese, "zero" to the French and a vulgarity to Brazilians.For that reason, people in a foreign culture must

9、 use gestures with caution.手勢(shì)是非語言傳達(dá)中很重要的一環(huán)。 與聾人用來溝通復(fù)雜訊息所使用的手語不同的是， 手勢(shì)的功能就像是視覺上的圖像， 它代表的是單一的意念。 而往 往這些手勢(shì)極受文化限制， 甚至造成尷尬的誤解。 例如，當(dāng)紐西蘭的毛利人對(duì)某 人伸舌頭，這是尊敬的表象。 當(dāng)美國學(xué)童作同樣的動(dòng)作時(shí)， 它表達(dá)的意思正好相 反。還有，美國人通常用大拇指及食指環(huán)繞起一個(gè)圓圈表示沒問題 。同樣的 手勢(shì)對(duì)日本人是錢的意思，對(duì)法國人是零的意思，對(duì)巴西人是極低俗的 手勢(shì)。因此，處在外國文化中的人必須小心地使用手勢(shì)。Another cultural aspect of nonverb

10、al communication is one that you mightnot think about: space. Every person perceives himself to have a sort of invisible shield surrounding his physical body. When someone comes too close, he feels uncomfortable. When he bumps into someone, he feels obligated to apologize. But the size of a person&#

11、39;s "comfort zone" varies, depending on his cultural or ethnic origin.For example, in casual conversation, many Americans stand about four feet apart. In other words, they like to keep each other "at arm's length." People in Latin or Arab cultures, in contrast, stand very cl

12、ose to each other, and touch each other often. If someone from one of those cultures stands too close to an American while in conversation, the American may feel uncomfortable and back away.另一個(gè)非語言溝通的文化層面可能是你不會(huì)想到的東西： 空間距離。每一個(gè)人都會(huì)假想在自己身體四周有一種隱形的盾牌。 當(dāng)有人太靠近時(shí)， 他會(huì)覺得 不舒服。而當(dāng)他不小心撞到別人時(shí)，他會(huì)覺得非道歉不可。但是每個(gè)人的舒服 區(qū)的大小各

13、有不同，這與其文化或種族有關(guān)。例如，在閑談時(shí)，許多美國人維 持著大約四呎遠(yuǎn)的距離。 也就是說， 他們喜歡讓彼此保持一只手臂的距離。 而相 反的，拉丁或是阿拉伯文化的人，彼此站得很近，他?；ハ嗯鲇|。假如一個(gè)來自 于這些文化的人在談話時(shí)站得太靠近美國人， 那個(gè)美國人會(huì)覺得不舒服， 而退后步。When Americans are talking, they expect others to respond to what they aresaying. To Americans, polite conversationalists empathize by displaying expression

14、s of excitement or disgust, shock or sadness. People with a "poker face," whose emotions are hidden by a deadpan expression, are looked upon with suspicion.Americans also indicate their attentiveness in a conversation by raising their eyebrows, nodding, smiling politely and maintaining goo

15、d eye contact. Whereas some cultures view direct eye contact as impolite or threatening, Americans see it as a sign of genuineness and honesty. If a person doesn't look you in the eye, Americans might say you should question his motives-or assume that he doesn't like you. Yet with all the co

16、ncern for eye contact, Americans still consider staring-especially at strangers-to be rude.當(dāng)美國人在談話時(shí)，他們期望別人對(duì)其所講的有所響應(yīng)。對(duì)他們來說，有禮貌的談話者應(yīng)該靠著表示出驚喜、 討厭、吃驚或悲哀的表情來與別人心領(lǐng)神 會(huì)。那種帶著一張撲克臉孔的人，他的情緒隱藏于毫無表情的面容下，會(huì)被 別人以懷疑的眼光看待。 美國人在談話中也會(huì)以揚(yáng)眉、 點(diǎn)頭、 有禮貌的微笑以及 保持適度的目光接觸來表示他們的注意。 然而某些文化的人認(rèn)為直接的凝視是不 禮貌而具有威脅感的； 美國人認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)真摯誠懇的表征。 假如

17、一個(gè)人不用正 眼看你，美國人可能會(huì)覺得，你應(yīng)該要對(duì)他的動(dòng)機(jī)起疑，或者假設(shè)他不喜歡你。即使目光接觸有其利害關(guān)系，美國人也是認(rèn)為瞪著眼睛看人 -特別是對(duì)陌生人 -是不禮貌的。Considering the influence of nonverbal communication, we never reallystop communicating. How we walk, how we stand, how we use our hands, how we position our bodies, how we show emotions-all send a message to others. That's why it's possible, as the saying goes, to "read someone like a book." And if