音標及發(fā)音規(guī)則

1、48個國際音標音素: 音的最小單位,英語中有48個音素. 音節(jié): 由元音和輔音構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位. 元音: 發(fā)音響亮,口腔中氣流不受阻礙,是音節(jié)的主要組成部分.英語中有20個輔音: 發(fā)音不響亮,口腔中氣流受到阻礙,英語中有28個輔音. 開音節(jié):1)輔音+元音+輔音+不發(fā)音的e kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2)輔音+元音 he hi go no do be tree three hello 閉音節(jié):1)輔音+元音+輔音 sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head 2)元音+輔音 it is of

2、in on up out ant 規(guī)律一：英語中共26個英文字母5個元音字母（a,e,i,o,u）發(fā)出20個元音21個輔音字母發(fā)出28個輔音20個元音+28個輔音=48個國際音標（即有48個音素）規(guī)律二：元音字母發(fā)元音輔音字母發(fā)輔音元音字母+元音字母=元音字母組合，發(fā)元音輔音字母+輔音字母=輔音字母組合，發(fā)輔音元音字母不發(fā)輔音輔音字母不發(fā)元音（如果輔音字母發(fā)了元音，則該元音稱之為半元音）例:by英語音標及發(fā)音規(guī)則1 元音: 1) i: 字母組合:ee, ea, e ,ie three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave

3、lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling 2) i 發(fā)音字母 i, y ,e sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3) æ 發(fā)音字母 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) e

4、字母組合 ea ,e ,a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) : 字母組合ir ,ur ,ear, er, or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6)

5、字母組合 er, or, ou ,ar ,o ,a, e, u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men l

6、isten famulus Saturday 7) a: 字母組合 ar ,a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) 發(fā)音字母 u, o ,ou, oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood 9) :字母組合 al ,or ,au ,our, ar small wall talk tall hall ball call wal

7、k short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 10) 發(fā)音字母 o, a hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash 11) u: 字母組合 oo, o, u food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full 12) u 字母組合

8、 oo, ou, u ,o look good foot book should could put full bull pull push women whose 13) ei 發(fā)音字母 a ,ay, ea ,ai, ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey 14) ai 發(fā)音字母 i ,y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye 15) au 字母組合 ou ,ow house o

9、ut flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town 16) u 發(fā)音字母 o ,ow ,oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal 17) i 字母組合oy, oi boy toy joy oil soil voice choice 18) i 字母組合 eer beer deer ear idea near here fierce 19) 字母組合ear

10、, air pear bear chair air fair care there where 2.輔音 1) p pen pear play pig pour pull push 2) b book big boot bike bread break 3) t tree two ten ton town twenty city 4) d door dull desk dose do dog dictionary 5) k king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (發(fā)音字母k) card cat cream correct climb come acc

11、ount accept (發(fā)音字母c) fox box oxygen x-ray (發(fā)音字母x) school schedule schema (字母組合ch) 6) g girl good goal goat grade long language 7) m man make moon morning move come comb 8) n pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean 9) uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning evening 10) l long land lend l

12、ord fly flag black world cold could goal soul 11) r read red right run room write 12) f five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough physic photo phone 13) v very evening even every voice vest 14) s six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (發(fā)音字母s) license city cease cedar

13、 ceiling celebrate (發(fā)音字母c) licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母組合ce) 15) z zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those whose 16) think thank three thirty tooth mouth 17) ð that this those these though 18) sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention station soc

14、ial special sure 19) pleasure 20) h hot hop home house horse how who 21) w when what where window wind wood 22) j yes year yell you your yolk yellow 23) t child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach 24) d age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk 25) tr tree coun

15、try try treat track trunk 26) dr dry dream drop drive drink 27) ts students boots boats goats nuts 28) dz goods woods moods hoods 3.字母，組合音節(jié)發(fā)音規(guī)律 1）a ei æ a: late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinema

16、fast last glass class past father wash what watch want 2）e i: e i 不發(fā)音 appreciate extremely secret she me he letter left message generate pebble decide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confident active table late wife store lecture 3）i ai i high price library ice cream wife s

17、ize line fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit 4）o u u: host cold note okay old home lose do who whose prove love some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collect lost hot mock office soft honest 5）u ju u university refuse unique universe huge put push pull full bull b

18、ut brush bucket duck bubble support suggest 6）c k s country camp camera courage cable city ceiling celebrate cell cease 7）g g d girl grade glass glade bag flag village vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening 8) l l 讀音不同 listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold s

19、oil tall sell cool animal 9) n n moon night noodle number uncle hungry angry young 10) r r right read write grade progress 11）y j i ai yellow year yell young yolk university country pretty happy dyke dying fly buy by my 12）ar a: : farm card garden mark dollar warm quarrel quarter 13) ea i: e ei i ce

20、ase season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weather great break idea realize 14) ear : i learn earth earn heard hear near clear ear fear 15) er : i deserve serve her person teacher driver anger singer serious experience mysterious fierce 16ere i here mere fere sere there 17) ir : ai shirt girl skirt admire desire 18) oo u: u : room tool cool moon noon goof food good foot stood wood wool c