人教版高中英語必修語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、必修一：直接引語和間接引語高中必修一到必修五主要語法點(diǎn)賓語從句；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來；定語從句必修二：定語從句非限定定從、定從中的介詞前提；被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)及現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)必修三：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；名詞性從句主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句及同位語從句必修四：主謂一致；非謂語動(dòng)詞V-ing;構(gòu)詞法必修2第一單元,非限制性定語從句的第二單元一般將來時(shí)的主被動(dòng)第三單元現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主被動(dòng)第四單元現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的主被動(dòng)第五單元介詞+which/whom的用法必修3 一二單元 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法 三單元賓語從句和表語從句四單元 主語從句五單元同位語從句必修4第一單元主謂一致第二單v-ing作主語和賓語的用法

2、第三單元v-ing作表語，定語和賓語補(bǔ)足語第四單元v-ing作狀語第五單元構(gòu)詞法必修5第一單元過去分詞作定語和表語第二單元過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語第三單元過去分詞作狀語第四單元倒裝句第五單元省略句必修一各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit One Frie ndship一、重點(diǎn)短語1.go through經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受get through通過；完成；接通2. set dow n 記下，放下3. a series of 一系歹 U 4 on purpose 有目的的5. in order to 為了6. at dusk黃昏，黃昏時(shí)刻7. face to face 面對(duì)面8. fall in love 愛上9. j

3、oin in參加某個(gè)活動(dòng)join參加組織，團(tuán)隊(duì),take part in 參加活動(dòng)并成為其中一員10. calm dow n冷靜下來11. suffer from 遭受12. be/get tired of 對(duì)感到厭倦13. be concerned about關(guān)心14. get on/along well with 與相處融洽15. be good at/do well in 擅長于 16. find it + adj. to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是 17. no Ion ger / not any Ion ger 不再18. too much太多后接不可數(shù) n. much too太后接

4、adj.19. notuntil直到才20. it 'no pleasure doing sth 做 并不開心21. make sb. sth.使某人成為 make sb. do sth.使某人做某事二、語法一直接引語和間接引語概 念：直接引語：直接引述別人的原話。一般前后要加引號(hào)。間接引語：用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。間接引語在多數(shù)情況下可構(gòu)成賓語從句且不要加引號(hào)。例： Mr. Black said, “'m busyMr. Black said that he was busy.變化規(guī)那么一陳述句的變化規(guī)那么直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，用連詞 that可省略引導(dǎo)，從句

5、中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示 代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語都要發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。人稱的變化一一人稱的變化主要是要理解句子的意思例: 1. He said, “ like it very much. He said that he liked it very much.2. He said to me, “ V'left my book in your room. He told me that he had left his book in my room.時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成

6、時(shí)例：“don'twant to set down a series of facts in a diary", said Anne.Anne said that she didntwa nt to set dow n a series of facts in a diary. The boy said, “'m using a knife. The boy said that he was using a knife.注意：如果直接引語是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變，如：He said, Light travels much faster than sounc

7、He said that light travels much faster than sound.指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和動(dòng)詞的變化直接引語間接引語thisthatthesethosenowthe nagobefore/earliertodaythat dayyesterdaythe day beforetomorrowthe n ext/follow ing daythe day after tomorrowIn two day's timecomegoheretherethe day before yesterdaytwo days before/earlier二祈使句的變

8、化規(guī)那么如果直接引語是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，要將祈使句的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并根據(jù)句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order等動(dòng)詞，如果祈使句是否認(rèn)句，在不定式前面還要加上 not。例：The hostess said to us,Please sit dow nf The hostess asked us to sit down.He said, Don 'make so much no ise, boys'.f He told the boys not to make so much noise.三疑問句的變化規(guī)那么如果直接引語是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)要把

9、疑問句語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序，句末用句號(hào)。一般疑問句：如果直接引語是一般疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞是say或said時(shí)，要改為ask或asked原問句變?yōu)橛蒳f/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。例：Do you think a diary can become your friend? the writer says.f The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.2特殊疑問句：如果間接引語是特殊疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，仍用原來的引導(dǎo)詞，但疑問句要變?yōu)殛愂鼍?。例：?What do you want?' he

10、 asked me.f He asked me what I wan tedUnit two English around the world 一、重點(diǎn)短語1. be differe nt from 與不同be the same as與 一樣2. one another 相互，彼此 =each other3. official language 官方語言4. at the end of 在結(jié)束時(shí)5. because of 因?yàn)楹蠼用~或名詞性短語because因?yàn)楹蠼泳渥?. n ative speakers 說母語的人7. be based on根據(jù)，依據(jù)8. at present 目前；當(dāng)

11、今9. especially 特別，尤其specially 專門地10. make use of 利用 make the best of 充分利用 11. a large number of 大量的，很多作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)the number of的數(shù)量作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)12. in fact = actually= as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上13. believe it or not 信不信由你14. there is no such thing as-沒有這樣的事 15. be expected to被期待做某事16. play a part/role in 在

12、起作用17. make lists of列清單18. included 包括前面接包括的對(duì)象Including 包括后接包括的對(duì)象19. comma nd sb. to do sth.命令某人去做某事command + that 從句從句用 should+V 原20. request sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事request + that 從句(從句用 should+V 原)二、語法-英語中的命令comma nd丨語氣和請(qǐng)求(request)語氣命令語氣 ：表示直接命令某人做某事，語氣比擬重，不怎么禮貌，一般用于上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí) 例：1. “Look at the example,

13、the teacher said to us.2. Open the window!請(qǐng)求語氣 ：表示請(qǐng)求某人做某事，語氣比擬緩和，非常禮貌 例：1. “Would you like to see my flat?She asked.2. Would you please open the window?Unit 3 Travel journal一、重點(diǎn)短語1. travel泛指旅行journey指長時(shí)間長距離的陸上旅行voyage指長距離的水上旅行，也可以指乘飛機(jī)旅行trip常指短時(shí)間短距離的旅行tour指周游，巡回旅游，2. prefer to 更加喜歡，寧愿prefer A to B 比起

14、 B ，更喜歡 Aprefer doing to doing 比起做，寧愿做 prefer to do rather than do 與其做 , 不女口 3. flow through 流過，流經(jīng)4. ever since 自從5. persuade sb. to do sth.說服某人做某事6. be fond of 喜歡7. insist on doing 堅(jiān)持做某事insist + that 從句用 should+ V 原8. care about 關(guān)心9. change one'smind 改變想法10. altitude 高度attitude 態(tài)度，看法11. make up

15、 ondsmind to do下定決心做某事= decide to do = make a decision to do12. give in 讓步，屈服give up 放棄13. be surprised to 對(duì)感到驚奇to one'surprise 令某人驚訝的是 14. at last = finally = in the end 最終15. stop to do 停下來去做某事stop doing 停止做某事16. as usual 像往常一樣17. sothat如此 以至于So + adj + a/an + n. + thatSuch + a/an +adj. + n. +

16、 that18. be familiar with對(duì)熟悉人作主語 be familiar to 為 所熟悉物作主語二、語法 :現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來come/現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來， 表示最近按方案或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作， 常見的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來的動(dòng)詞有： go / leave/ arrive / travel / take / stay/ do等.例： 1. I'm coming. 我就來2. what are you doing next Sunday ?你下個(gè)星期天做什么？3. I hear that you are travelling along Mekong River. 我聽說你將沿湄公

17、河旅行4. Where are you staying at night?你們晚上待在哪里 /Unit four Earthquakes 一、重點(diǎn)短語1. right away 立刻，馬上 = at once = in no time2. asleep 睡著的；熟睡地 fall asleep 入睡 sleep 睡；睡眠sleepy 犯困的3. it seems that/ as if 看來好似；似乎4. in ruins 成為廢墟5. the number of的數(shù)量謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)a number of 大量謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)6. rescue workers 營救人員Come to one

18、9;srescue 營救某人7. be trapped 被困8. how long 多長時(shí)間how often 多久，指平率how soon 還要多久用于將來時(shí)當(dāng)中，用 in+ 時(shí)間段答復(fù)9. hun dreds of thousa nds of 成千上萬的10. dig out 挖出11. shake泛指 “動(dòng)搖，震動(dòng) ,常指左右、上下動(dòng)搖，也可以指人“震驚，顫抖例：1. She felt the earth shaking under him.2. She was shaken with anger.quake 指較強(qiáng)烈的震動(dòng)，如地震例: The building quaked on it

19、s foundationTremble 指人由于寒冷、恐懼、不安等引起的身體的抖動(dòng)或聲音的顫抖例：Sudde nly I saw her lips beg in to tremble and tears begi n to flow dow n her cheeks. Shiver 多指寒冷引起的顫抖、哆嗦例： A sudden gust of cold wind made me shiver.12. rise (roserisen) vi, 上升；升起， 無被動(dòng)語態(tài)； give rise to 引起Raiseraisedraised vt, 舉起；籌集；養(yǎng)育Arise ( arosearis

20、en)vt, 出現(xiàn)常指問題或現(xiàn)象13. injure 常指因意外事故造成的損傷，也可以指感情上名譽(yù)上的傷害例： He was injured in a car accident.harm 泛指“傷害，損害，既可以指有生命的，也可以指無生命的例： 1. He was afraid that his fury would harm the child.2. His business was harmed for some reason.hurt 既可以指肉體上的傷害，也可以指精神上的傷害例： 1. She hurt her leg when she fell.2. He felt hurt at

21、your word.wound 一般指槍傷、刀傷等在戰(zhàn)場上受的傷例： The bullet wounded him in the arm.14. be prepared=make preparations for- 為做準(zhǔn)備15. in on e'ho nor向表示敬意；為紀(jì)念Be/ feel honored to do 做感到很榮幸16. make /give/ deliver a speech 發(fā)言opening speech 開幕詞17. give/ provide shelter to 向提供庇護(hù)所seek shelter from 躲避18. happen to + n./

22、pron. 遭遇，發(fā)生happe n to do sth.偶然； 碰巧happen 指偶然發(fā)生take place指事先方案好的事情發(fā)生二、語法 定語從句概念：在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。成分：先行詞，即被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞；關(guān)系代詞：that, which, who賓格為whom,所有格 為whose；或者關(guān)系副詞where, when, why等。關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞處在先行詞和定語從句 之間，起著連接主從句的作用。1. 關(guān)系代詞 that 的用法關(guān)系代詞that在定語從句中既能指人，也能指物；既能做主語，也能做賓語例： 1A plane is a machine t

23、hat can fly. 指 物,作主語 2The noodles that I cooked were delicious. 指 物，作賓語 3Who is the man that is reading a book over there?指人，作主語4The girl that we saw yesterday was Jims sister,指人，作賓語2. 關(guān)系代詞 which 的用法關(guān)系代詞 which 在定語從句中只能指物，但既可以做賓語也能作主語例： 1 They planted some trees which didn'tneed much water. 作主語 2

24、 The fish which we bought this morning were not fresh. 作賓語 3. 關(guān)系代詞 who， whom 的用法關(guān)系代詞 who,whom 只能指人，在定語從句中分別作主語和賓語例: 1The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from USA.作主語2 The person to whom you just talked to is Mr. Li. 作賓語 、4. 關(guān)系代詞 whose 在的用法關(guān)系代詞whose為關(guān)系代詞who的所有格形式，其先行詞既可以是人也可以是物，whose和它所修飾的名詞在定語從

25、句中既可以做主語也可以做賓語。例: 1This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world.指人，作主語2 The room whose window faces south is mine. 指 物，作主語 3 He has written a book whose nameI 've forgotten. 指物，作賓語 5. 關(guān)系副詞 when 的用法關(guān)系副詞 when 在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語例： 1I'll never forget the time when (=during which) we wor

26、ked on the farm.2) Do you remember the afternoon when (=on which) we first met three years ago?6. 關(guān)系副詞 where 在定語從句中的用法關(guān)系副詞 where 在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語例： 1This is the place where( =at/ in which) we first met.2) The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasn't very clean.7. 關(guān)系副詞 why 在定語從句中的用法 關(guān)系副詞 why 在定語從句中作原因狀語 例 : 1). I didn't get a pay rise, but this wasn't the reason why(= for which