2007年全國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)博士外語(yǔ)入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試

1、2007年全國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)博士外語(yǔ)統(tǒng)一考試聽(tīng)力真題PartIListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:Inthissectionyouwillhearfifteenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearaquestionaboutwhatissaid.Thequestionwillbereadonlyonce.Afteryouheareachquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choos

2、ethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.1. A.TodosomeexperimentsB. Toattendaclass.C. Toreviewhislesson.D. Totakeatest.2. A.Inahotel.B. Inthehospital.C. Intheprison.D. Attheairport.3 A.Hegotanulcerinhisstomach.B. Hegothurtinthesoccergame.C. Hewillbedischargedsoon.4 D.Hegothistumorr

3、emovedA.ShetoldaliesoasnottohurtJimmy.B. Sheleftbecauseshehadaheadache.C. ShehurtJimmybytellinghimalie.D. Shesleptoffherheadache.5 A.Hisnewcarisnotfastenough.B. Hisnewcarmovesveryfast.C. Hisnewcarisarealbargain.D. Hisnewcarissomewhatofafinancialburden.6 A.Getmoretimetorelax.B. Takesometranquilizers.

4、C. Seekasecondopinion.D. Avoidherresponsibilities.7 A.Hegotaheadachewhileestablishingtheinstitute.B.Hehadahardtimegettingtheinstitutestarted.C. EverythingwasOKatthebeginning.D. ItisimpossibletoopensuchaninstituteinSeoul.8 A.Excited.B. Frustrated.C. Annoyed.D. Relieved.9 A.Eachclasslastsanhour.B. The

5、classismeetinginanhourandahalf.C. Theclassmeetsfourhoursandanhalfperweek.D. Theclassmeetsforhalfanhourthreetimesaweek.10 A.Thewomanwasagoodskier.B. Thewomancouldn?tski.C. Thewomandidn?tintendtogoskiing.D. Thewomandidn?tlikeSwiss.11 A.She?;aninsuranceagent.B. She?saninsuranceclient.C. She,sabankclerk

6、.D. She?;adriver.12 A.Hetrippedoversomecrutches.B. Hehadrheumatisminhislegs.C. Hesprainedhisfoot.D. Hebrokehisleg.13 A.Thevacationisalmostgone.B. Thevacationhasjuststarted.C. Theyarepreparedforthenewsemester.D. Theycan?twaitforthenewsemester.14 A.Shewasknockeddownbyafeather.B. SheisshamedofLarry.C.

7、Shewasreallysurprised.D. ShewasproudofLarry.15 A.Tovisithisson.B. Toperformanoperation.C. Tohaveanoperation.D. Tosendhissonforanoperation.SectionBDirections:Inthissectionyouwillhearthreepassages.Aftereachone,youwillhearfivequestions.Aftereachquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooset

8、hebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.16 PassageOneA.Apharmacist.B. Avisitor.C. Aphysician.D. Adieter.17 A.Cough.B. Diarrhea.C. Headache.18 StomachupsetA.Pain-killers.B. Coughsyrup.C. Antidiarrheas.D. Indigestiontablets.19 A.Thecoldweather.B. Tirednesscausedbytraveling.C. Thestran

9、gefoodhehadeaten.D. Thegreasyfoodhehadeaten.20 A.Takethemedicinefromthewoman.B. Gotoseeaspecialist.C. Stopeatinganddrinkingforafewdays.D. Stayinbedforacoupleofdays.21 PassageTwoA.Headaches.B. Insomnia.C. Respiratoryproblems.D. Digestiveproblems.22 A.OnMondayinEdinburgh.B. OnWednesdayinEdinburgh.C. O

10、nMondayatStaffordshireUniversity.D. OnWednesdayatStaffordshireUniversity.23 A.94.B. 41.C. 130.D. 135.24 A.Thesubjectswereaskedtowriteoftheirfreewill.B. Thesubjectswereaskedtowriteinasystematicway.C. Thesubjectswereaskedtosayhowoftentheymadeentries.D. Thesubjectswereaskediftheyhadwrittendownanythingt

11、raumatic.25 A.Thediaristswhowriteoftheirfreewill.B. ThediaristswhowerestudentsatStaffordshireUniversity.C. Thediaristswhohadwrittenabouttrauma.D. Thenon-diaristswhoweresusceptibletoheadaches.26 PassageThreeA.AbriefhistoryofBritishpubs.B. BeertheBritishnationaldrink.C. Variousattemptsmadetocurbdrinki

12、nginBritish.D. ThefrustratingopeningandclosinghoursofBritishpubs.27 A.Asearlyas659AD.B. After659ADC. BeforetheRomaninvasion.D. AftertheRomaninvasion.28 A.Torestrictdrinkinghours.B. Torestricttravelerstocertaindrinks.C. Toencouragethelocalstodrinkinothertowns.D. Toencourageinnstolodgevariouskindsofpe

13、ople.29 A.Peoplewerebetteroff.B. Thegovernmentfailedtopersuadepeoplefromdrinking.C. Thereappearedanewcheapdrink.D. Drinkershadfoundvariouswaystogetaroundthelaws.30 A.Thelicensinghourshavebeenextended.B. Oldpeoplearenotallowedtodrinkinpubs.C. Childrenarenotallowedyettodrinkinpubs.D. Bigchangeshavetak

14、enplaceinpubs.PartnVocabulary(10%)SectionADirectionsInthissectionallthesentencesareincomplete.Fourwordsorpareses,markedA,B,CandD,aregivenbeneatheachofthem.Youaretochoosethewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.Then,markyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.31. Thedoctorgavehimaninjectioninordertothepain.32.

15、 alleviateB.aggregateC.abolishD.allocateHisbrokenarmhealedwill,butshediedofthepneumoniawhichfollowedasa.33. complementB.complimentC.complexionD.complicationUnfortunately,ourvacationplansonaccountoftransportstrikes.34. fellbackB.fellthroughC.felluponD.felltoTheclimateofHawaiiattractsvisitorsformallov

16、ertheworldeveryyear.35. genialB.frigidC.genuineD.foulThisistheinwhichtheorganismlivesmosteffectively.36. optimumB.optionC.ordealD.orbitThedoctorsuggeststhatagoodholidayinthecountryshouldhimnicelyafterhisoperation.37. A.set-offB.setupC.setoffD.setasideHisbehaviorwassothateventhemercifulpeoplecouldnot

17、forgivehim.38. A.uniqueB.unconventionalC.brutalD.brillianttoyourpresentjobuntilyoucangetabetterone.39. A.HangaboutB.HangbackC.HangbehindD.HangonSufferingfromhislegillness,Tomisverynowadays.40. A.emaciatedB.eligibleC.elasticD.exceptionalHesavedsomemoneyforartisticsuchasfinepaintings.A.donationsB.prof

18、itsC.luxuriesD.luresSectionBDirections:Inthissectioneachofthefollowingsentenceshasawordorphraseunderlined,beneathwhicharefourwordsorphrases.Choosethewordorphrasewhichwouldbestkeepthemeaningoftheoriginalsentenceifitissubstitutedfortheunderlinedpart.ThenmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.41. It

19、hasbeenprovedthatthechemicalislethaltoratsbutsafeforcattle.42. A.fatalB.reactiveC.uniqueD.vitalTotheirsurprise,shehasbeennominatedascandidateforthePresidency.43. recognizedB.definedC.appointedD.promotedWecannotlookdownuponouropponent,whoisanexperiencedswimmer.44. playerB.competitorC.refereeD.partner

20、Sheisregardedasagoodnurseinthatsheattendstopatientswithoutanycomplaint.45. A.seesthroughB.looksoverC.takesinD.caresforItiswellknownthattheminimumpenaltyforthiscrimeis2years?imprisonment.A.convictionB.spanC.mercyD.punishment46. Thewholeareaofthenationalandlocalgovernmentstriedtowipeoutratstopreventth

21、espreadofdisease.47. A.exterminateB.dominateC.determinateD.contaminateAllthestudentsareafraidofhimsinceheisalwaysseverewiththem.48. A.vigorousB.rigorousC.vigilantD.rigidThebiggestengineeringprojectthattheyundertookwasencumberedbylackoffunds.49. AcanceledB.condensedC.hamperedD.hauntedInordertobeasucc

22、essfuldiplomatyoumustbeenthusiasticandmagnetic.50. A.arrogantB.industriousC.zealousD.attractiveHeissuccessfulasadoctorbecauseofthisdynamicpersonality,heseemstohaveunlimitedenergy.A.meticulousB.vigorousC.aggressiveD.arbitraryPartIIICloze(10%)Directions:Inthissectionthereisapassagewithtennumberedblank

23、s.Foreachblank,thereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.ManyCanadiansenjoytheluxuryofalargeamountoflivingspace.Canadaisvast,andthehomesarelargeaccordingtothestandardsofmanycounties.Even51_innercitiesdonotreachtheextremesfoundinotherpartsofworld.

24、Canadiansappreciatethespaceandvaluetheirprivacy.Sincefamiliesaregenerallysmall,manyCanadianchildrenenjoytheluxuryoftheirownbedroom.Havingmorethanonebathroominahouseisalsoconsideredamodern_52_.ManyroomsinCanadianhomeshavespecializedfunctions.aFamilyrooms"arepopularfeaturesinmodernhouses;theseare

25、_53_,"livingrooms"sincemanylivingroomshavebecomereservedforentertaining.Somehomeshaveformalandinformaldiningareas,_54_.Recreationalhomesarealsopopular_55Canadians.SomeCanadiansownsummerhomes,cottages,orcamps.Thesemay_56_fromasmallone-roomcabintoaluxuriousbuildingthatrivalsthecomfortsofther

26、egularresidence.Somecottagesarewinterizedforyear-rounduse.Cottagesofferpeoplethechanceto"geawayfromitall."Theyaresopopularthatsummerweekendtrafficjamsarecommon,especiallyinlargecitiessuchasToronto,wherethenumberofpeopleleavingtownonFridaynightandreturningSundaymight_57_thehighwaysforhours.

27、Sometimes,livinginCanadameansnotonlyhavingprivacy,butalsobeingisolated.Mobilityhasbecomeapartofmodernlife;peopleoftendonotliveinoneplacelongenoughto_58_toknowtheirneighbors.Tenantslivetheirownlivesintheirapartmentsortownhouses.Eveninprivateresidentialareas,wherethereissome59,neighborhoodlifeisnotasc

28、lose-knitasitoncewas.Thereseemstobe_60_ofacommunalspirit.Lifetodayissohecticthatthereisoftenlittletime.51.A.spaciousB.crowdedC.remoteD.deserted52.A.convenienceB.comfortC.architectureD.taste53.A.incommonB.inparticularC.inchiefD.infact54.A.eitherB.aswellC.inturnD.instead55.A.toB.inC.withD.for56.A.tran

29、sformB.convertC.rangeD.shift57.A.blocksB.haltsC.cutsoffD.keepsoff58.A.becomeB.comeC.getD.grow59.A.stabilityB.mobilityC.realityD.tranquility60.A.bitB.muchC.moreD.lessPartIVReadingComprehension(30%)Directions:Inthisparttherearesixpassages,eachofwhichisfollowedbyfivequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefou

30、rpossibleanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestoneandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.PassageOneThepopularideathatclassicalmusiccanimproveyourmathsisfallingformfavor.NewexperimentshavefailedtosupportthewidelypublicizedfindingthatMozart'smusicpromotesmathematicalthinking.Researchersreporte

31、dsixyearsagethatlisteningtoMozartbringsaboutshort-termimprovementsinspatial-temporalreasoning,thetypeofthinkingusedinmaths.GordonShawoftheUniversityofCaliforniaatIrvineandFrancesRauscheroftheUniversityofWisconsininOshkoshhadaskedstudentstoperformspatialtaskssuchasimagininghowapieceofpaperwouldlookif

32、itwerefoldedandcutinacertainpattern.SomeofthestudentsthenlistenedtoaMozartsonataandtookthetestagain.TheperformanceoftheMozartgroupimproved,Shawfound.HereasonedthatlisteningtoMozartincreasesthenumberofconnectionsbetweenneurons.ButKennethSteeleofAppalachianStateUniversityinNorthCarolinalearntthatother

33、studiesfailedtofindthiseffect.HedecidedtorepeatoneofShaw'sexperimentstoseeforhimself.Steeledivided125studentsintothreegroupsandtestedtheirabilitiestoworkouthowtopaperwouldlookifcutandfolded.OnegrouplistenedtoMozart,anotherlistenedtoapiecebyPhilipGlassandthethirddidnotlistentoanything.Thenthestud

34、entstookthetestagain.Nogroupshowedanystatisticallysignificantimprovementintheirabilities.SteeleconcludesthattheMozarteffectdoesn'texist.Tt'saboutasunprovenandasunsupportedasyoucanget.hesays.61. Shaw,however,defendshisstudy.Onereasonhegivesisthatpeoplewhoperformpoorlyintheinitialtestgetthegre

35、atestboostfromMozart,butSteeledidn'tseparatehisstudentsintogroupsbasedonability."We'restillatthestagewhereitneedstobeexamined."Shawsays."Isuspectthatthemoreweunderstandtheneurobiology,themorewe'llbeabletodesignteststhatgivearobusteffect."IthasbeenrecentlyfoundoutthatM

36、ozarthadanaptitudeofmusicbecauseofhismathematicalthinkingclassicalmusiccannotbeexpectedtoimproveone'smaththeeffectsofmusiconhealtharewidelyrecognizedmusicfavorsone'smathematicalthinkingWhichofthefollowingpairs,accordingtothewidelypublicizedfinding,isconnected?62. Papercuttingandspatialthinki

37、ngThenatureofataskandthetypeofthinkingClassicalmusicandmathematicalperformanceMathematicalthinkingandspatial-temporalreasoningInShaw'stest,thestudentswouldmostprobablydrawtheimageofthecutpaperimprovetheirmathematicalthinkinghavetheideaaboutclassicalmusicconfirmedincreasethenumberofneuronsintheir

38、brainsFromSteele?;experimentwesaythat.hishypothesisdidnotgetprovenandsupporteditwasmuchmorecomplicatedthanShaw'stheresultwerestatisticallysignificantShaw'sresultswerenotrepeatableShawiscriticalofSteele?sresultspresentedatawrongstageSteele?>wrongselectionofthetesteesSteele?>ignoranceofn

39、eurobiologySteele?stestdesignPassageTwoLong-sufferingcouplestakeheart.Thereisagoodreasonforthoseendlessargumentsinthefrontofthecar:menandwomenusedifferentpartsofthebrainwhentheytrytofindtheirwayaround,suggestingthatthestrategiestheyusemightalsobecompletelydifferent.MatthiasRiepeandhiscolleaguesatthe

40、UniversityofUlminGermanyasked24healthyvolunteers-halfofthemmen,halfwomen-tofindtheirwayoutofthreevirtual-realitymazesdisplayedonvideogoggles.Meanwhile,theresearchersmonitoredthevolunteers'brainactivityusingafunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI)scanner.Thisshowedthatmenandwomencalledonstriking

41、lydifferentbrainareastocompletethetask."Ididn'texpectittobesodramatic,"saysRiepe.Previousstudentshavebeenshownthatwomanrelymanlyonlandmarkstofindtheirway.Menusethesecuestoo,buttheyalsousegeometriccues,suchastheangleandshapeofawalloracorner.Suchstudiesalsosuggestthatmennavigatetheirwayo

42、utofunfamiliarspacesmorequickly,asRiepefoundinhisstudy,too.Riepediscoveredthatbothmenandwomenusedpartsoftheparietalcortextowardsthetopofthebrain,therightsideofthehippocampusandafewotherwell-establishedareastofindtheirwayout.Neuroscientiststhinkthattheparietalregionshelptranslatewhattheeyesseeintoinf

43、ormationaboutwherethebodyisinspace,whilethehippocampalregionhelpsprogresshowobjectsarearranged.Butotherregionsseemedtobeexclusivelymaleorfemale.Themenengagedtheleftsideoftheirhippocampus,whichtheresearcherssaycouldhelpwithassessinggeometryorrememberingwhethertheyhavealreadyvisitedalocation.Thewomen,

44、bycontrast,recruitedtheirrightfrontalcortex.Riepesaysthismayindicatethattheywereusingtheiraworkingmemory",tryingtokeepinmindthelandmarkstheyhadpassed."Itfitsverywellwiththeanimalstudies,"saysRiepe.Hepointsoutthatthereseemtobesimilardifferencesinrats.Forexample,damagetothefrontallobewi

45、llimpairafemale'ssenseofdirection,butnotamale?s.63. Thestudiesonthedrivingissuehaveevolvedfromthecartothedriverfromtherealitytothevirtual-realityfromthephysicalcuestothepartsofthebrainfromthecuesofnavigationtothestrategiesofdrivingThedifferentpartsofthebrainmenandwomenusetofindtheirwayaround,acc

46、ordingtothepassage,refertotheleftsideofthehippocampusandtherightfrontalcortextherightandleftsideoftheirhippocampusesrespectivelytherightandlefthemisphereoftheirbrainsrespectivelytheparietalcortexandthehippocampusasawholeThepartofthebrainwomenusemayhelpexplainwhythey.64. usegeometriccuestonavigatehav

47、eabettermemorythanmenrelymainlyonlandmarkstofindtheirwaysbehavelessaggressivelythanmenindrivingThereasonforthedifferencesinthesexes,accordingtoRiepe,couldbetheenvironmentalfactorthepsychologicalfactortheinnatefactoralloftheaboveWhichoneofthefollowingquestionsdidthestudiesanswer?A. Howdowomenandmendr

48、ivedifferently?B. Howcanwedetectthebrainactivitiesduringdriving?C. Whydomenandwomenargueoverwhichroutetotake?D. Whydoesthedamagetothefrontallobeimpairthesenseofdirection?PassageThreeWorkhasleftyoufrazzled.Yourlegsachewhenyougetbackfromthegym,don'tpopthoseaspirinsjustyet.Thinkhotsprings.Crankingu

49、pahottubandhoppinginisanaturalremedythatcanprovidesignificantrelieffromphysicalpainandstress.TherearemorethanthreemillionhomespasintheU.S.today.TherearenumerousreasonsspashavemadethemovefromthedecksofHollywoodproducerstothebackyardsofmiddleAmerica.Spashelpreducetheeffectofstressonyourbody,assistinmu

50、sclerecoveryafterthestressofexercise,andhelphealmusclesneararthriticjoints.Thereatethreeelementstohydrotherapythat,intandem,providethesehealingeffectsonthebody:heat,buoyancy,andmotion.Whenyouexercise,yourmusclesdevelopthousandsofmicroscopictearswhichresultinpainfullacticacidbuild-upinthemuscletissue

51、.Hydrotherapy'smotionandwarmthcausebloodvesselstodilate,loweringbloodpressureandspeedingtheflowofoxygen,endorphins,andcell-repairingnutrientstoinjuredmuscles.Additionally,buoyancyofthewaterreducesthestrainonyourkneesandjointswhichallowthesurroundingmusclestorelax.Thiscanbeofcrucialhelptoarthriti

52、ssufferers,becausewhenjointsareinflamed,thesurroundingmusclesbecometensetoprotectthem.Relaxinginaspathenmakesyourmusclesmorelimberandreducesthepain.Water'shealingpotentialhaslongbeenknown.Wedon'ttendtoassociateintelligencewithourbodies,yetasThomasEdisonsaid,"Greatideasoriginateinthemusc

53、les."RadicalpsychoanalystWilhelmReichbelievedthatmanyofusinhibitordenyimpulses,feelings,traumas,andstressesbytighteningourmusclesandcreatingakindof"bodyarmor."Hefeltthatasyoucutoffthesourceofpain,youalsocutoffthesourceofpleasure.Bylooseningbodyarmor,bylettingmusclesrelax,youcanreturnt

54、oafeelingofflowandcreativity.Fewthingscanrelaxthebodymorethanahomespa.Andarelaxedbodyleadstoarelaxedmind.Thereisnobetterplacetostartrelaxingthananhourinyourhomehotsprings.65. Tobeginwith,whatdoestheauthorinsistweavoiddoing?A. Undergoingphysicalpainandstress.B. Takingaspirintablets.C. Goingtothegym.D

55、. Relaxinginaspa.66. Whatdoesthesecondsentenceinthesecondparagraphimplies?A. Theoriginofspas.B. Thepopularityofhotsprings.C. ThefluxofpeopletomidAmerica.D. Thespasasaluxuryonlyfortherich.67. Afterthestressofexercise,theinjuredmuscleswillleadtoarthritiscontainplentyofmicroscopictearscancausebloodpres

56、suretodeclinewillboosttheproductionofcell-repairingnutrientsTheauthorcontendsthatourcreativitycanbeenforcedbythe'bodyarmor"doesnotoccurinmindbutinthemusclescanbehamperedwithourmusclestightenedisgoodonlywhenwearefreeofmentalandphysicalstressWhichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A

57、. Spas,theBestRelaxationABriefHistoryofSpas.SpaResortsintheUSASoakAwayStressPassageFourConvincingthepublictofollowhealthadvicecanbetoughandtime-consuming.Thismaybewhychangestohealthmessagesareoftenfiercelyresistedbythosewhosejobistogettheadviceacross.So,forexample,thesuggestionthatsmokerswhocannotqu

58、itshouldreducetheirexposuretoharmbyswitchingtochewingtobaccometwithextremeopposition.Astillmoreferociousdebateisemergingoverthehealthimpactofsunshine.Forthepast20years,adviceonsunlighthascomefromdermatologistswhorightlywarnpeopletocoverupwhentheyventureoutsideforfearofdevelopingskincancer.Butevidencefromresearchersinotherfieldsnowsuggeststhatshortperiodsinthesunwithoutprotectionsometimesaslittleasafewminutesaday-canpreventmostothermajorformsofcancer.ThissurprisingconclusionstemsfromfindingsthatvitaminD.whichismadebyskincellsexposedtothesun'sultravioletrays,isapotentanti-cancerage