必修5unit1reading

1、Unit 1 Great scientistsThere are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them? What kind of role do they play in the field of science ? Do these achievements have anything in common? Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all th

2、ese questions. Warming Up:Alexander Bell electricity Thomas Edison the First telephoneLaite Brothers the electric LampMadame Curie black holes in UniverseFranklin Theory of GravitySteven Hawking the First PlaneElbert Einstein RadiumIsaac Newton the Theory of RelativityI put forward the theory about

3、black holes.Im the father of super hybrid riceWhat do they have in common?They are scientistsWho are they?Guessing gameDo you know? Who discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float? Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment cha

4、nged?ArchimedesCharles DarwinP 1 exerciseArchimedes“Give me a place to stand on, and I can move the earth.”“給我一個支點，我就可以翹起整個地球.”Charles DarwinOrigin of Species物種起源 Who invented the first steam engine?Thomas Newcomen Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed form parents to their c

5、hildren?Gregor Mendel Who discovered radium? Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities? Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?Maries CurieThomas EdisonLeonardo da VinciLeonardo da VinciMona Lisa Who invented a lamp to keep miner

6、safe underground? Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened? Who put forward a theory about black holes?Sir Humphrey DavyZhang HengStephen Hawkingthe Safety Lamp Zhang Heng (78-139)Seismograph地動儀地動儀Stephen Hawking (1942-) British, a physicistBlack hole Do you kno

7、w? 發(fā)明蒸汽機的并不是瓦特，他是改進紐可門的蒸氣機并發(fā)明出雙動作，使世界進入“蒸氣時代”的，使他成為第一次工業(yè)革命中的名氣最大的發(fā)明家。 1865年，修士孟德爾在一個會議上報告了他通過長達(dá)八年的實驗研究和他所統(tǒng)計的多達(dá)兩萬一千多件樣本的實驗結(jié)果，利用豌豆實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)了植物的遺傳規(guī)律，但是孟道爾的理論超出了當(dāng)時人們能夠接受的水平。35年后，三國科學(xué)家?guī)缀跏峭瑫r發(fā)現(xiàn)了植物遺傳的規(guī)律。而當(dāng)他們準(zhǔn)備發(fā)表論文，去查閱文獻(xiàn)時，又不約而同地發(fā)現(xiàn)，早在35年前孟德爾就發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣的規(guī)律了。他們?nèi)齻€人在發(fā)表論文時，都提到了孟德爾的文章，稱自己的工作是證實了孟德爾的定律。這就是生物學(xué)史上的有名的“孟德爾定律的再發(fā)現(xiàn)”。

8、 英國化學(xué)家、詩人漢弗萊戴維。1778年出生。他小時聰明、淘氣，不喜歡讀書，喜歡玩樂。他不到20歲時，父親去世。為了養(yǎng)家糊口，他到當(dāng)?shù)匾晃会t(yī)生那當(dāng)學(xué)徒，從此接觸并喜歡上化學(xué)，因為覺得自己知識淺薄，他就自訂計劃發(fā)奮用功，憑著他的天資和勤奮，很快掌握了七種語言和不少科學(xué)知識，并最終成為了英國皇家學(xué)會的主席。1798年戴維的名聲隨著他對笑氣的發(fā)現(xiàn)而傳遍了整個英國。他還帶病專門研究火焰，發(fā)明了礦用安全燈（1816），這種燈一直到今天仍叫戴維燈，曾挽救了成千上萬名礦工的生命。Who is he?He has made a famous kite experiment.He learned a lot f

9、rom it and invented lightningrod(避雷針避雷針).He is Benjamin FranklinNever leave that until tomorrow, which you can do today.今日事,今日畢.Who is he?He is called the greatest scientist in the 20th century.He is famous for the Theory of Relativity.He is Albert EinsteinImagination is more important than knowledg

10、eimaginativeWho is he?He invented electric bulbs.He made more than 1,000 inventions duringhis life.He is Thomas Alva EdisonThomas Alva EdisonGenius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.Who is she?She is a woman scientist.She discovered radium(鐳鐳)and polonium(釙釙).In her lif

11、e, she won the Nobel Prize twice.She is Marie CurieNothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be understood.Who is he?He made the first telescope in the world.His observations show that the earth movesaround the sun.He is Galileo GalileiYou cannot teach a man anything. You can only help him find

12、 it within himself.你不可能把一切都教給一個人， 你只能幫助他從內(nèi)心去發(fā)現(xiàn)（和了解）事物。 common characteristicscautiouspersuasivestrictpositiveCo-operativecreativebrightenthusiasticBrainstorming What good qualities do they have?ReadingWhen diseases break out, what should people do?John Snow defeats “King cholera”ReadingSkimming:Who

13、was the great scientist in the passage and what was the deadly disease of its day?John Snow choleraJohn Snow 約翰約翰.斯諾斯諾(1813 1858), 英國麻醉學(xué)家、英國麻醉學(xué)家、流行病專家。他首次提出了流行病專家。他首次提出了預(yù)防霍亂的措施。預(yù)防霍亂的措施。1854年年, 倫敦霍亂流行倫敦霍亂流行, 斯諾通過研究斯諾通過研究霍亂病死者的日常生活情況霍亂病死者的日常生活情況, 尋找到他們的共同行為模式尋找到他們的共同行為模式,發(fā)現(xiàn)了霍亂與飲用不潔水的發(fā)現(xiàn)了霍亂與飲用不潔水的關(guān)系關(guān)系,

14、由于及時切斷了二者由于及時切斷了二者的聯(lián)系的聯(lián)系, 有效制止了霍亂的有效制止了霍亂的流行。流行。Four outbreaks of cholera in the 1830s and 1840s killed many people in England. In 1854, “the most terrible outbreak of cholera which ever occurred in the kingdom” began. It was so violent and sudden that 127 people died in the first three days.The ter

15、rible choleraBacteria/germs of choleraCholera: It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death without immediate treatment. And the victims died very quickly from a loss of liquid after severe vomiting(嘔吐嘔吐) and diarrhoea(腹瀉腹瀉). It infects peoples intestines(腸道腸道), causing diarrhoea(腹瀉腹

16、瀉), vomiting(嘔吐嘔吐) and dehydration(脫水脫水) What is the main idea of the passage? A. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. B. The case of cholera was polluted water. C. The source of all drinking water should be examined. D. How John Snow collected, analysed data and found the cause of the disea

17、se and solved it.Careful Reading:John Snow was an doctor in London who Queen Victoria as her personal . He thought about helping ordinary people to cholera. Though the cause and the of it were unknown, he wanted to face the and solve the problem. expertattendedphysicianexposedcurechallengeCareful Re

18、ading:1.What were the two theories about the cause of cholera? 2.Which did John Snow want to prove?3.What was his method of doing the research?multiplied victimsabsorb The second one.To gather information in two particular streets.Careful Reading:1.What did he do with the results of his enquiry?2.Wh

19、at valuable clue did he get about the cause of the disease?3.What might be the cause?Marked on a mapMany of the deathshad no deaths.It seemed that the water was to blame for cholera.Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.deathPart of Snows Cholera MapCareful Reading:1.Why did he

20、 tell people to remove the handle from the pump?2.What happened after the handle was removed?So that slowed downCareful Reading:1.Where did the woman live and what did she had delivered to her house every day?2.What did their deaths suggest?3.What measures did John Snow take to prevent the disease f

21、rom spreading?Away from Broad StreetWater from the pumpThe polluted water carried the virus.suggested thatbe examinedwere instructed not to exposetoRead the passage and number these events in the order that they happened.John Snow began to test two theories.An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854.

22、He announced that the water carried the disease.John Snow marked the deaths on a map. 2147Carefulreading:King Cholera was defeated.He found that most of the deaths were near a water pump.He had the handle removed from the water pump.John Snow investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe.3856Find the main idea of each paragraph:1. The causes of cholera2. The correct or possible theory3. Collect data on those where people were ill and died and where they got their water4. Plot(繪圖）繪圖） information on a