賓語(yǔ)從句用法詳解

1、賓語(yǔ)從句用法詳解(例句豐富)一、賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞賓語(yǔ)從句通常由連詞that和whether (if)、連接代詞或連接副詞以及關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)：1. that 引導(dǎo)We believe that he is honest. 我們相信他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。The doctor insists that I give up smoking 醫(yī)生堅(jiān)持要我戒煙。I suggest that we should go tomorrow. 我建議我們明天走。I suggested that we should go the next day. 我建議我們第二天走。We learnt from his lette

2、r that he was in Spain. 從他的信里我們了解到他在西班牙。The seller demanded that payment should be made within five days. 賣方要求5 日內(nèi)付款。2. whether / if 引導(dǎo)I don kt now whether he lal rrive in time. 我不知道他是否能及時(shí)到。I didn ktnow whether they liked the place. 我不知道他們是否喜歡這個(gè)地方。I lsl ee whether I can induce him to accept it. 我要看看

3、我是否能勸他接受。I asked her whether she agreed. 我問(wèn)她是否同意。He enquired if her parents spoke Spanish. 他問(wèn)她父母是否講西班牙語(yǔ)。I wonder if it lasrge enough. 我不知道它是否夠大。She didn tsay if he was still alive. 她沒(méi)說(shuō)他是否還活著。3. 連接代詞引導(dǎo)I don kt now who whom you mean. 我不知道你指誰(shuí)。Please tell me which you like. 告訴我你喜歡哪一個(gè)。I Idl o whatever I

4、can do. 我將做我所能做的事。You can take whichever you like. 你愛(ài)拿哪個(gè)就拿哪個(gè)吧。We ll do whatever we can to save him. 我們將盡我們所能來(lái)挽救他。Take whichever seat you like. 你要坐哪個(gè)座就坐哪個(gè)座位。Give it to whoever you like. 你把它愛(ài)給誰(shuí)就給誰(shuí)。You don kt now what you are talking about. 你在說(shuō)什么，你自己也不知道。Tomorrow at this time we llknow who is elected.

5、明天這時(shí)候我們就會(huì)知道誰(shuí)當(dāng)選 了。4. 連接副詞引導(dǎo)He asked why he had to go alone. 他問(wèn)他為什么必須一個(gè)人去。You don kt now when you are lucky. 你身在福中不知福。I asked how he was getting on. 我問(wèn)他情況怎樣。He knows where they live. 他知道他們住哪里。Have you found out how wide the ditch Was? 你了解到那條溝有多寬嗎?I ldike to know when they will let him out. 我很想知道他們什么時(shí)候

6、會(huì)放他出來(lái)。We didn ktnow why he had answered in that fashion. 我們不明白他為什么這樣回答。3. 關(guān)系代詞what 引導(dǎo)She has got what she wanted. 她要的東西得到了。I want to tell you what I hear. 我想把聽(tīng)到的情況告訴你。He could not express what he felt. 他無(wú)法表達(dá)內(nèi)心的感受。They did what they could to console her. 他們盡量安慰她。They thought they could do what they l

7、iked with him. 他們以為他們可以對(duì)他為所欲為?！咀⒁狻?有時(shí)介詞后可接一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句（但介詞后通常不接that和if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）：From what you say, he is right. 根據(jù)你所說(shuō)的，他是對(duì)的。有極個(gè)別介詞（如but, except）可接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：She remembered nothing about him except that his hair was black. 她對(duì)他什么都不記得，只記得他的頭發(fā)是黑的。比較下面兩句用what 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，它們的意思不一樣：He began to think about what he sh

8、ould do. 他開(kāi)始考慮應(yīng)當(dāng)怎樣做。二、賓語(yǔ)從句與形式賓語(yǔ)it當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句后跟有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常在賓語(yǔ)從句處使用形式賓語(yǔ)it， 而將真正的賓語(yǔ)從句移至句末：I think it best that you should stay here. 我認(rèn)為你最好住這兒。He hasn mt ade it known when he is going to get married. 他還沒(méi)宣布他何時(shí)結(jié)婚。She found it difficult to answer the question. 她發(fā)現(xiàn)回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題很困難。He feels it his duty to hetp others. 他認(rèn)

9、為幫助別人是他的責(zé)任。He thought it best to be on his guard. 他認(rèn)為他最好還是要警惕。He made it a rule to speak in Parliament at least once every session. 他規(guī)定自己在 議會(huì)每次開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)至少發(fā)一次言。I find it interesting talking go you.我覺(jué)得同你談話很有意思。I consider it wrong to cheat in an examination.我認(rèn)為考試作弊是不對(duì)的。三、連詞that的省略問(wèn)題引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞that通?？梢允÷裕篠he sa

10、id (that) she would come to the meeting.她說(shuō)過(guò)要來(lái)開(kāi)會(huì)的。I promise you (that) I will be there.我答應(yīng)你我會(huì)去。I hoped (that) I would / should succeed.我曾希望我會(huì)成功。He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他們會(huì)給他簽證。He thought (that) they would give him 3 visa. 他本想他們會(huì)給他簽證。I expect (that) the plane will he diverted. 我料

11、想飛機(jī)會(huì)改變航線。I expected (that) the plane would be diverted.我本料想飛機(jī)會(huì)改變航線。Everybody knows (that) money doesn ' grow on trees.眾所周知，金錢是不會(huì)從樹上長(zhǎng) 出來(lái)的。I suggested (that) they should / shouldn ' drive along the coast.我建議他們沿著/ 不要沿著海岸開(kāi)車?！咀ⅰ坑袝r(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可位于句首，此時(shí) that不可省略：That she is a good girl I know.她是

12、一個(gè)好姑娘，我是知道的。四、賓語(yǔ)從句與否定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)動(dòng)詞think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine后接一個(gè)表示否定意義的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)， 其否定通常轉(zhuǎn)移到主語(yǔ)：I don' s uppose that it is true.我認(rèn)為那不是真的。I don' imagine that he will come.我想他不會(huì)來(lái)的。(from )I don' think we need waste much time on it.我想我們不必在這上面花太多時(shí)間We didn 'think we' dbe this late.我們沒(méi)想到

13、我們會(huì)到得這么晚。I don ' s uppose I ' ltrouble you again.我想我不要再麻煩你了。 賓語(yǔ)從句講解及其練習(xí)題(附答案)*' 12一，引導(dǎo)詞A,由that引導(dǎo)的陳述句性的賓語(yǔ)從句，在很多動(dòng)詞如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等動(dòng)詞后。連詞 that只起連接作用，在從句中不做句子的成分，也無(wú)詞匯意義，在口語(yǔ)中常被省略，但在大多數(shù)情況下還是以不省為好， 特別是在筆語(yǔ)中。例：I told him that he was wrong.l在think

14、,believe, suppose, expect等動(dòng)詞引起的賓語(yǔ)從句中，有時(shí)謂語(yǔ)盡管是否定意義，卻不用否定形式，而將 think等動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问?。例：I don ' t think you are right.（我認(rèn)為你做的不對(duì)）l在許多帶有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子中，that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常移到句子的后面，而用 it做形式賓語(yǔ)。例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone （我認(rèn)為他向每一個(gè)人撒謊是錯(cuò)誤的）B,由連詞if、whether引導(dǎo)的表示“是否，”的賓語(yǔ)從句。Whether,if在從句中不做句子的成分，一般情況下，wheth

15、er和if可以替換。例：I don ' t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.l在介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中不用if引導(dǎo)例： Everything depends on whether we have enough money 。l賓語(yǔ)從句中有or not時(shí)不用if引導(dǎo).例：I don ' t know whether th e movie star will come or not.l和不定式連用作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不用if引導(dǎo).例：

16、 Whether to go there or not hasn ' t been decided.C,由wh-引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。連接代詞 who,whom,whose, what, which, 和連接副詞 when,where, why, how等連接的賓語(yǔ)從句，它們?cè)诰渲屑从羞B接從句的作用，又在句中充當(dāng)句子的成分。例： Do you know which film they are talking about? （which做定語(yǔ)）I don ' t know where he lives. （where 做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) ）二，賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序，賓語(yǔ)從句從句的語(yǔ)序必須是陳述語(yǔ)序，

17、既連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分例：I believe that they will come soon.He asked me whether I was a teacher.They wanted to know what they can do for us.二，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)。賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)受主句的限制，既：主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)。如果從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句之前，則從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。例：1)She says that she is a student.She said that she was a student.2)She

18、 says that she will fly to Japan in a week.She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She says that she has finished her homework already.She said that she had finished her homework already.4)She says that she can sing a song in English.She said that she could sing a song in English.l如果賓語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)的是

19、客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象或事實(shí)時(shí)，這時(shí)賓語(yǔ)從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.He told me that Japan is an island country.lCould you tell me,是用來(lái)征詢對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)，語(yǔ)氣委婉，并不表示過(guò)去。例： Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum?注意事項(xiàng)：u由陳述句變成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要注意人稱的變化。例：She said: "I have been to England before

20、. ”She said that she had been to England before.She asked me: "Do you like maths? "She asked me if I liked maths.u賓語(yǔ)從句與簡(jiǎn)單句的交換。由連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，如果賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人時(shí)，可以用“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”做賓語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)單句結(jié)構(gòu)。例：I don ' t know what I should do next.I con ' t know what to do next.He didn ' t know whe

21、re he would live.He didn ' t know where to live.DO SOME EXERCISES:1 .Can you see?A. what he ' s reading B. what is he readingC. what does he read D. he reads what2 .Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?（ 合并成一個(gè)句子）Do you know Jack from Japan?3 ._What did your son say in the letter?_He told m

22、e that he the Disney would the next dayA.will visit B. has visitedC. is going to visit D. would visit4 .He didn ' t knowA.what' s the matter B.what the matter isC. what was the matter D. what the matter was5 .Somebody called you just now,but I didn ' t knowA.who were they B. who they wer

23、eC. who was it D. who it was6.1 want to knowA.what is his name B. what ' s his nameC. that his name is D. what his name is7 .-Could you tell me she is looking for?-Her cousin,susan.A.that B.whose C .who D.which8 .-What are you searching the Internet for?-I ' m trying to find out.A.What is th

24、e difference between SARS and BIRDFLUB.How many persons have died in IraqC.How to protect our environmentD.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea9 .Do you know?（誰(shuí)正在唱歌）10 .Do you know?(她正在和誰(shuí)談話)11 .Do you know?( 昨天發(fā)生了什么事 )The keys: 1 A.2 if ,comes.3D. 4 C. 5 D. 6 D. 7 C. 8 B12 who is singing13

25、who she is talking with14 what happened yesterday1賓語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)|英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法()1 The girls asked if they some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take()2 Catherine said that she to Guangzhou.A. has never gone B. had never goneC. has never been D. had never been()3 The students want to know w

26、hether they dictation today.A. had B. has . C. will have D. are()4 She asked Linda if go and get some.A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may()5 Linda said the moon round the earth.A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled2()1 Can you tell me you were born, Betty?A. who B. w

27、hat C. when D. that()2 I don ' t know they have passed the exam.A. what B. if C. when D. where()3 I hardly understand.he has told me.A. that B. what C. which D. who()4 She didn ' t know back soon.A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be()5 I don ' t know he still lives here after so many years.A. whether B where C. what D.when()6 Do you know they li