被動語態(tài)非謂語

1、Passive Voice 被動語態(tài)英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者；被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。人常是執(zhí)行者，所以被動句多是物做主語，因此科技文章,說明文用被動語態(tài).1. 要點(diǎn)提示：被動語態(tài)由“be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。2. “主動變被動很簡單，及物動詞方有緣；賓變主來主變賓；謂語至少二部分；過去分詞永不變，時態(tài)人稱be體現(xiàn)”(記熟過去分詞PP!)被動語態(tài)的形式be+PP一般現(xiàn)在時(必會用)am/is/are+PP一般過去時（必會用）was/were+PP現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時am/is/are being+PP過去進(jìn)行時was/were being+PP現(xiàn)在完成時

2、have/has been+PP過去完成時had been+PP一般/過去將來時will /would be+PP含有情態(tài)動詞的（必會用）Can/may/must/should等+be+PP用動詞 show 的被動語態(tài)填空1). I know a new film_ at the cinema every week.2). I know a new film _ at the cinema last week.3). I know a new film _ at the cinema at present.4). I know a new film _ at the cinema at eig

3、ht last night5). I know a new film _ at the cinema recently6). I know a new film _ at the cinema by the end of last week.7). I know a new film _ at the cinema in two days8） knew a new film _ at the cinema while we were standing in line for tickets.9）knew a new film _just _ at the cinema .用法指南1) 不知道或

4、沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰時Is this room cleaned every day? How was it invented?2) 表示“據(jù)說”、“據(jù)報道”等意義的句式It is said that the boy is only 5 years old. 記一記：Its believed/ known/ reported/ said/ discoveredthat等。3) 視情況不同，“by名詞或代詞”可以省略，主語是who時，不可以省略。Who teaches you chemistry? By whom is chemistry taught to you?Who is chem

5、istry taught by?4)“主謂雙賓語（間接賓語直接賓語）”結(jié)構(gòu)的主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r，可有兩種形式：一種是以間接賓語(人)作主語，另一種是以直接賓語(物)作主語。They offered him some money. He was offered some money (by them).Some money was offered to him ( by them ).I bought her a pair of shoes.She was bought a pair of shoes.A pair of shoes was bought for her.注意：”物”變?yōu)橹髡Z時，

6、 “人”前經(jīng)常要用介詞to，for來引導(dǎo)。5）“主謂賓賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)的主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r,賓補(bǔ)變成主補(bǔ)They told the children to stay in the classroom.The children were told to stay in the classroom.You can find a river lying over there.A river can be found lying ove r there.We must keep the room cleanThe room must be kept clean.注意：(see/notice/watch

7、/hear/help/make/have)不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，改為被動語態(tài)時，要將to還原。 Somebody saw him take away the box. He was seen to take away the box. Why do you make him work day and night? Why is he made to work day and night?6）含有短語動詞的主動句變?yōu)楸粍樱讯陶Z動詞看成一體,保留其中的介詞或副詞。Everybody laughed at him. He was laughed at by everybody. You mus

8、t pay attention to your pronunciation.Your pronunciation must be paid attention to.7)部分狀態(tài)詞無被動have;cost;belong to; fit; suit;agree with8) 部分v.i詞用主動代替被動: sell,wear;write washwell The pen writes well The pants washes well. The shoes wear well The car sells well.練初中英語被動語態(tài)練習(xí)1. One or two man-made satelli

9、tes _ in our country every year.(send up)2. It _(say) our TV set _ yesterday. (repair)3. How _ the Great Pyramid (金字塔)_ many years ago without modern machines?.(build)4. Many books on science _ since I went to college.(read)5. A wonderful English talk _ by Mr Liu tomorrow.(give)6. Mr Li , you _ on t

10、he phone. (want)7 I think the computer _ in every family before long.(use)8. _ the work _ yet ? (finish)9.This maths problem can easily _ out by little Tom.( work)10.This kind of car _ in Japan ten years ago.(can make)11. One year _ into four seasons.(divide)12 He _ much better today.(feel)13.The be

11、ar must _ to the zoo tomorrow morning.(send)14.A book should_ more than once if you want to understand it better.( read)15 The meeting _ in Room 302 soon.(hold)16.Such cars _ well(sell)17“Must_ the text _ today ?” asked Tom (copy) 18 In the past ten years, a lot of new buildings _ in our city.(put u

12、p)18 You cant go bike riding unless the homework _(do) A. Hasfinished B. Has beenfinished C Wasfinished D. Hasbeen finished19 A lot of books _ in our library. A. is kept B. are kept C. is keeping D. are keeping20.Dont go in . Your son _ inside the room. A. is operated on B. is being operated on C. o

13、perates on D. has been operated21.Food and clothes _ by women. A is often talk about B. are often talked C. are often talked about D. often talked about22.The baby _ when Mother was out.A. well looked after B. was looked well C. is well looked after D. was well looked after24.Joan said the wallet _

14、in no time. A. will be handed in B. would be handed in C. had been handed in D. would be handed25.Jack often does things foolishly, so he _ sometimes _ by others. A. islaughed B. is laughed at C. waslaughed D. hasbeen laughed at26.Rubbish _ but collected and recycled（回收）into useful things . A. is no

15、t now given B. will not now given C. doesnt now be given D. is now not given up27 People have come to know that their health must _. A.pay more attention to B. be paid more attention C. be paid more attention to28 When _ the Peoples Republic of China _ ? A. didfound B. wasfound C. wasfounded D. didf

16、ind29.A beautiful picture_the children by the teacher in the classroom. A. were shown B. were shown to C. was shown D. was shown to30.Tom _ a new bike tomorrow. A. will lend B. will lent C. will be lent D. will be lent to31 He _ cross the street. A. sees B. sawto C. was seen D. was seen to32. A new

17、bike _ Tom tomorrow. A. will be lent B. will be lent to C. was lent to D. is lent to33 . Some eggs and a glass of milk _ the Frenchman. A. have been brought to B. has been brought to C. have been brought D. has been brought34 The paper for books and newspapers _ from wood . A. is made B. are made C.

18、 made D. has been made35. A song _ the guests by the famous singer now. A. is sung to B. is being sung for C. is been sung to D. is being sang for36. Pictures _ the people in the park every day. A. are drawn for B. are drawn to C. are drew for D. are draw to37. Jack _ answer the question in French.

19、A. asked to B. was ask C. was asked D. was asked to38. The guards _ search the young man. A. wee ordered B. were order C. were ordered to D. ordered to39. Mr Brown _ take the medicine twice a day. A. has told B. has been told to C. has been told D. has be told to40. The Browns _ leave the hotel alre

20、ady. A. has been seen B. have being seen C. have been seen to D. have be seen to41. The thieves _ steal out of the shop in a hurry. A.were noticed to B. is noticed to C have been noticed42. The boys _ copy the new words ten times before they went home. A. were make B. were made to C. were maked to D

21、. was made to43. A man _ cry for help last night. A. was heard to B. was heard C. was hear to D. heard to44. Mary _ do morning exercises on the playground. A. saw to B. was saw to C . was seen to D. was seen45. Tom _ watch TV after he finishes his homeworkA. will let to B. will be allowed C. will be

22、 let D. will be allowed to.46. Now Little Jack _ draw a picture of a bird. A. is be helped B. is been helped C. is being helped to D. is being help to47. A letter _ Tom and will be posted tomorrow.A. has written to B. has been written to C. has written D. has been written48. Great changes _ in the v

23、illage since then. A . have been taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place49. In the last few years Beijing _ greatly. A. has changed B. has been changed C. changed D. was changed50. The Great Wall _ people all over the world. A. knew B. is known C. was know D. is known to主動變

24、被動;被動變主動 (供選擇使用)1. She takes care of 5 kids2. I often hear her sing at night.3. Reading improves my English.4. How did you work it out?5. Where can I get shampo?6. Who ordered these dihes?7. Most people enjoy water sports 8. He causes trouble every day9. No one can stop me from doing scientific rese

25、arch.10. Should he drink tea with honey?11. What do you do at noon?12. They have given away one million dollars13. Another subway wll be built in Beijing.14. We arent learing English 15. She was made to have a rest by mom16. Something must be done to help him out.17. I noticed him come in.18. Must I

26、 pick them up?19 We believe that practice makes perfect20. People say aliens landed on the earth last night.21. She is usually seen to enter the net bar in school hours.22 Can I taste the mixture?23, It produced a beautiful piece of music.24 He hums something in class.25 What makes you work so hard?

27、填空.1. Last year, laws _(pass) to protect our environment2. Chopsticks shouldnt _(stick) in your food.3. Homework _(hand) in every morning4. How often _your hair _(wash)?5. How soon _ my bike _(return)?6. Football cant _(play) in the classroom.7. Tom _(think) to be the cleverest in my class.8. The ca

28、r used to _(regard)as the oldest, but now it _(sell)well.9. What _(do) over these years?10. 5555yuan _(raise) for the sick boy yesterday.11. When _ the Party _(found)?12. The dog _(find) jumping and running with another dog,_ _?13. By whom _ the plants_(look after) every Tuesday?14. He is crying .Wh

29、at _ to him?15. I _(encourage) to speak loudly.16. Smoking or drinking_(not allow)hear.17. He created a game _(play) on the internet.18. So far, no stragity _(come)up with.19. _ a wrong size_(give) to you just now?20. _ English_(teach) in our school?21. _ this seat _(take)?22. I _(ask )to make the b

30、ed every morning.23. Telephone _(not invent) until 187624. What _ the cup _(use) for doing in the past?25. People must _(stop) from littering the river.非謂語動詞非謂語動詞顧名思義是不充當(dāng)謂語的動詞形式。換句話說，句中已經(jīng)有了動詞。所以它們不受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制?？梢栽诰渲凶髦髡Z、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語。包括to do（表一次性或?qū)⒁l(fā)生）；doing（習(xí)慣性，或正在發(fā)生）；done（被動或完成）三種！以下按句子成分對比學(xué)習(xí)1.

31、to do / doing 都能作主語, done 不能!To learn a foreign language is not easy.=It is not easy to learn a foreign language.Learning a foreign language is not easy. (不用it做形式主語)What to do is a problem.1）當(dāng)主語是 to do，表語也是to do當(dāng)主語是 doing，表語也是doing,要前后一致。To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing.To teach is to lea

32、rn. = Teaching is learning.2）有it 出現(xiàn), 就要想到to do!A. It is +形容詞/名詞+（for sb）to doIt is impossible to live without air. It wont be difficult for Mary to find a new job. It is a pleasure to be with them.B. it 做形式賓語同理! I find it important to plan things for yourself You have made it possible for me to have

33、 Lucky. Dont you feel it your duty to support your family? I think it easy to do some listening every day.CIt is +形容詞+of sb.to do It is very kind of you to help him every day.注意：這里的形容詞用來說明人的本質(zhì)、品德等。Kind； clever；nice； carefulD. It takes / took +sb. +一段時間 +to do It takes me ten minutes to walk to that

34、school every day. How long did it take you to get here? Itll take him a month to finish reading the book. 2 to do / doing/done 作表語to do / doing(動名詞)可以主,表互換; done, doing(分詞),相當(dāng)于形容詞,不能互換. My wish is to become a scientist. (To become a scientist is my wish.) Her hobby is reading. (Reading is her hobby)

35、 The door is locked/broken/lost. The trip is exciting/boring/relaxingHis resolution is to learn to walk nicely3 to do / doing作賓語 done不能！4 介詞+doing! I dont mind moving the bike. You decide how to go there. We are looking forward to seeing you soon. Are you interested in flying kites?4三種都能作狀語A. 目的狀語用t

36、o do He went to America to learn English. To make things easier, they would give money. In order not to offend people,we cant use direct orders. Stop to rest!B. 結(jié)果狀語： enough to do /tooto do He is strong enough to lift the box. You are too young to learn to drive.=You are not old enough to learn to d

37、rive.=You are so young that you cant learn to drive.C 情緒adjs后to do作原因狀語(glad/sorry/excited/surprised/amazed/sure/ready) Im very excited to get the chance. He is sure to beat him in tennis. D 時間，原因，條件，伴隨方式狀語用doing,done Being ill, he didnt show up here. Walking to school, I met a friend . They went ho

38、me,singing and laughing. Seen from the hill,the city is like a picture. I根據(jù)句意，用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Is it necessary _(learn) a foreign language?2. He is good at _(swim).3. Do you have anything _(say) for yourself?4. Its spring now. its time _(plant) trees.5. Dont keep me _(wait) for a long time.6. The pol

39、iceman told the boys not _(play) in the street.7. Her son is too young _(dress) himself.8. The ice _(cover) with snow is dangerous to walk on.9. China doesnt want _(copy) the USAs example.10. Lets _(have) a rest, shall we?11. The speaker spoke too quickly for us _(understand).12. The book seems easy

40、 _(read).13. I asked him _(show) me his new pen.14. A _(break) car is parked at the corner of the road.15. Knives are used for _(cut) things.16. Whats his _(give) name, do you know?17. I really dont know what _(do) next.18. I often hear people _(say) “_(see) is _(believe)”.19. Youd better _(try) thi

41、s medicine.20. They said they had nothing _(worry) about.21. Can you finish _(read) the book in three days?22. We couldnt help _(laugh) after we heard the funny story.23. The doctor was busy _(operate) on the boy at that time.24. Mary opened the door for him _(come) in.25. _(tell) you the truth, I d

42、islike making friends with him.26. His wish was _(become) a doctor.27. Stop _(talk) and listen to me carefully.28. Thank you very much for _(help) us.29. Granny is very ill and she doesnt feel like _(eat) anything.30. Which of the following things would you like _(own)?31 _(be) honest, I just dont l

43、ike him.32 The boy was too short _(reach) the toy on the desk.33. I found a man _(lock) the door when I passed by.34. When you leave, dont forget _ off the light. A. to turn B. turning C. turn D. turned35 Who do you think youd like _? A. to make friends B. make friends C. to make friends with D. mak

44、e friends with36. Although Jeff loves KFC, he tries _ it too often. A. to eat B. not eat C. to not eat D. not to eat37-Hi, Betty. Shall we go swimming this Sunday? -This Sunday? I am sorry, I have a lot of homework _ this Sunday. A. to do B. done C. do D. to be done38. Sally had no pen _ yesterday m

45、orning. A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with39. John asked David how _ Christmas. A. celebrating B. to celebrate C. to be celebrated D. celebrate40. -Excuse me, sir. Look at the sign on the wall “NO _”. -Oh, Im sorry. Ill never do it again. A. PARKED B. SMOKE C. SPITTING D. SMOKED41. -Boys and girls, will you please _ the park this afternoon? -OK. A. not cleaning out B. not to clean out C. to clean up D. clean up42Do you practice _ English every morning? A. speak B. to s