微機(jī)軟件試驗(yàn)習(xí)題及答案

1、微機(jī)原理軟件實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)1兩個(gè)多位十進(jìn)制數(shù)相加的實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容：將兩個(gè)多位十進(jìn)制數(shù)相加，要求加數(shù)和被加數(shù)均以ASCII碼形式各自順序存放以DATA1和DATA2為首的5個(gè)內(nèi)存單元中(低位在前)，結(jié)果送回DATA1處。完整代碼如下：DATASSEGMENT；此處輸入數(shù)據(jù)段代碼STRING1DBinputthefirstnumber:*STRING2DB13,10；inputthesecondnumber,$STRING3DB13,10；theoutputis:；$DATA1DB6DUP(00H),$DATA2DB6DUP(00H),$DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT;此處輸入堆棧段代碼ST

2、ACKSENDS.word.zl-CODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKSSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX；此處輸入代碼段代碼LEASI,DATA1LEADI,DATA2L0:LEADX,STRING1;打印字符串STRING1MOVAH,09INT21HINPUT1:;輸入第一個(gè)數(shù)MOVAH,01;輸入字符至AL中INT21HCMPAL,/JEL1MOVSI,AL.word.zl-INCSIJMPINPUT1L1:LEADX,STRING2;打印字符串STRING2MOVAH,09INT21HINPUT2:;輸入第二個(gè)數(shù)MO

3、VAH,01;輸入字符至ALINT21HCMPAL,/JEL2MOVDI,ALINCDIJMPINPUT2L2:MOVSI,0CLC;清空進(jìn)位標(biāo)志位CF.word.zl-MOVCX,6PLUSE:;相加;SUBDATA1SI,30H;SUBDATA2SI,30H;這里不能使用這兩條指令，因?yàn)槿绻鸇ATA15=00H,00H-30H需要借位相減，使CF=1MOVAL,DATA1SIADCAL,DATA2SIAAA;加法調(diào)整指令，可使兩個(gè)ASCII數(shù)直接相加MOVDATA1SI,AL;和賦給DATA1SIINCSILOOPPLUSEL3:LEADX,STRING3;打印字符串STRING3MOVA

4、H,09INT21HMOVCX,6MOVSI,6.word.zl-SHOW:DECSICMPDATA1SI,00HJESHOWSHOW2:MOVDL,DATA1SIADDDL,30HMOVAH,02INT21HCMPSI,0JEL4DECSIJMPSHOW2L4:MOVAH,4CHINT21HCODESENDSENDSTART運(yùn)行結(jié)果如下：輸入為低位在前，即輸入1234和99999相加實(shí)際上是4321和.word.zl-99999相力口（即：4321+99999=104320遲（XKBoir0,4,Cpu1曄杜1KX3中也，八仙0.牌pgygDWTEM|ii|mif.thi#fIr4ftiMi

5、.hulXH/injutths&etsidwiwbcr：5?X）ztheoutputis：W13ZePrhrss也叫keytocontinue實(shí)驗(yàn)2兩個(gè)數(shù)相乘的實(shí)驗(yàn)（無(wú)符號(hào)數(shù)相乘）實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容：實(shí)現(xiàn)十進(jìn)制數(shù)的乘法。要求被乘數(shù)和乘數(shù)均以ASCII碼形式各自順序存放在內(nèi)存中，乘積在屏幕上顯示出來(lái)。完整代碼如下：DATASSEGMENT；此處輸入數(shù)據(jù)段代碼STRING1DBtheoutputis:；$DATA1DB31H,32H,33HDATA2DB35H,36HDATASENDS.word.zl-STACKSSEGMENT；此處輸入堆棧段代碼STACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS

6、:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKSSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX；此處輸入代碼段代碼MOVDL,10MOVAL,DATA10;AL=31HSUBAL,30H;AL=01HMULDL;乘10;AL=10ADDAL,DATA11;AL=10+32HSUBAL,30H;AL=10+32H-30H=12MULDL;AL=120ADDAL,DATA12;AL=120+33H.word.zl-SUBAL,30H;AL=120+33H-30H=123MOVBL,AL;BL=AL;MOVAL,DATA20;AL=35HSUBAL,30H;AL=5MULDL;乘10;AL=5

7、0ADDAL,DATA21;AL=50+36HSUBAL,30H;AL=50+36H-30H=56MULBL;AX=123x56=6888SUBDX,DX;DX清零MOVBX,1000DIVBX;(DX,AX)/1000，商6在AX中，余數(shù)8884DX中PUSHDXMOVDL,ALADDDL,30HMOVAH,02;打印最高位6INT21HPOPDX.word.zl-MOVBL,100MOVAX,DX;888武給AXDIVBL;AX/100,商放在AL中，余數(shù)88放在AH中MOVDL,ALMOVCL,AH;!這里千萬(wàn)不能把AH直接賦給AL,因?yàn)榻?jīng)過(guò)INT21H指令后AL,AH會(huì)改變ADDDL,

8、30HMOVAH,02;打印第二位INT21HMOVBL,10MOVAL,CLSUBAH,AH;清空AHDIVBL;AX/10,商放在AL中，余數(shù)8放在AH中MOVDL,ALMOVCL,AHADDDL,30HMOVAH,02;打印第三位INT21H.word.zl-MOVDL,CLADDDL,30HMOVAH,02;打印第四位INT21HCODESENDSENDSTART運(yùn)行結(jié)果為：實(shí)驗(yàn)3字符串匹配實(shí)驗(yàn)match”,實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容：編寫(xiě)程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)兩個(gè)字符串比較。如果相同，則屏幕顯示否則屏幕顯示nomatch”，完整代碼如下：DATASSEGMENT;此處輸入數(shù)據(jù)段代碼PRINT1DBinputthef

9、irststring:*PRINT2DB13,10,inputthesecondstring*.word.zl-PRINT3DBmatch,$PRINT4DBnomatch；$PRINT5DB13,10；output:,$STRING1DB30DUP(00H),13,10$STRING2DB30DUP(00H),13,10$DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT;此處輸入堆棧段代碼STACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKS,ES:DATASSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX;此處輸入代碼段代碼LEADX,

10、PRINT1打印字符串PRINT1MOVAH,09.word.zl-INT21HLEASI,STRING1;STRING1地址賦給SILEADI,STRING2;STRING2地址賦給DIINPUT1:MOVAH,01;輸入字符至ALINT21HCMPAL,/;輸入字符串以/結(jié)束，L0JEL0MOVSI,ALINCSIJMPINPUT1L0:LEADX,PRINT2打印字符串PRINT2MOVAH,09INT21H.word.zl-INPUT2:MOVAH,01;輸入字符至ALINT21HCMPAL,/JEL1MOVDI,ALINCDIJMPINPUT2L1:MOVCX,30;CX=30代表比

11、較3畋MOVSI,00HPARE:;字符用一個(gè)一個(gè)比較MOVAL,STRING1SI;取STRING1存儲(chǔ)單位中的第SI個(gè)字符賦給ALCMPAL,STRING2SI;AL與STRING2存儲(chǔ)單位中的第SI個(gè)字符比較JNENOMATCHINCSILOOPPAREJMPMATCH.word.zl-NOMATCH:;打印output:nomatchLEADX,PRINT5MOVAH,09INT21HLEADX,PRINT4MOVAH,09INT21HJMPL2MATCH:;打Bpoutput:matchLEADX,PRINT5MOVAH,09INT21HLEADX,PRINT3MOVAH,09INT

12、21HL2:MOVAH,4CHINT21H.word.zl-CODESENDSENDSTART運(yùn)行結(jié)果:CJ工超-ADO53o0,74,.CpjSOUQcycli二Qrr.Ekip0(.PregramZWTEMFintMitHiefirststrinpctsdf/士力總secortdstringiasdf/output：rmtch.word.zl-實(shí)驗(yàn)4從鍵盤(pán)輸入數(shù)據(jù)弁顯示的實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容：將鍵盤(pán)輸入的2位十六進(jìn)制數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換為等值的二進(jìn)制數(shù)，并在屏幕上顯示。歹如：鍵入f2,則顯示1111001沈整代碼如下：DATASSEGMENT；此處輸入數(shù)據(jù)段代碼STRING1DBpleaseinputastri

13、ng：$STRING2DB13,10；theoutputis:$STRING3DB13,10；inputerror,13,10；$DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT.word.zl-;此處輸入堆棧段代碼STACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKSSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX；此處輸入代碼段代碼L0:LEADX,STRING1；打印字符串STRING1MOVAH,09INT21HMOVAH,01;輸入第一個(gè)字符至AL中INT21HCMPAL,0ERROR1CMPAL,9EENTER1CMPAL,A.

14、word.zl-ERROR1CMPAL,FEENTER1CMPAL,aERROR1CMPAL,fEENTER1ERROR1:LEADX,STRING3;打印字符串STRING3MOVAH,09INT21HJMPL0ENTER1:CALLASC2BCD才巴ASCII碼轉(zhuǎn)化成十進(jìn)制數(shù)BCD碼MOVCL,4ROLAL,CLMOVBL,AL;把高四位放到BL寄存器中;輸入第二個(gè)字符.word.zl-MOVAH,01輸入第二個(gè)字符至AL中INT21HCMPAL,0ERROR1CMPAL,9EENTER2CMPAL,AERROR1CMPAL,FEENTER2CMPAL,aERROR1CMPAL,fEENT

15、ER2ENTER2:CALLASC2BCD才巴ASCII碼轉(zhuǎn)化成十進(jìn)制數(shù)BCD碼ADDBL,ALLEADX,STRING2;打印字符串STRING2.word.zl-MOVAH,09INT21HMOVCX,9CLC;清空標(biāo)志位SHOW:;顯示BL中的二進(jìn)制數(shù)DECCXCMPCX,0JENEXT;輸出完八位之后返回DOSROLBL,1;循環(huán)左移一位，若溢出為1,則CF=1JCM1JMPM2M1:MOVDL,1;若CF=1,轉(zhuǎn)至M1打印1MOVAH,02INT21HJMPSHOWM2:MOVDL,0;若CF=0,轉(zhuǎn)至M1打印0MOVAH,02INT21H.word.zl-JMPSHOWNEXT:M

16、OVAH,4CHINT21HASC2BCDPROCCMPAL,9EL1AL09,他1SUBAL,07H;若輸入的數(shù)為AF,或者af,貝U減7,A接在39H后面，AF=3AH3FH,af=5AH5FHL1:SUBAL,30H減30HANDAL,0FH;濾除高位，保留低位，因?yàn)閍f恰好比AF大20H,這樣afgft和AF的數(shù)值一樣了RETASC2BCDENDPCODESENDSENDSTART輸出結(jié)果為：（若輸出不在09,AF,af內(nèi)，則重新輸入）.word.zl-|DO&Eox3.74,Cpuspeed3O0Ceye-me仃kipDrPragram:DWTEMPpleaselll|JLLtdtr

17、iIMJ；tInputezrurpleAeInputaEtringzdsInputsnrorpleaseinputa&tring：3Pinputerrorpleftscinputastring：IZthnutputis：11116010PityxclPFromejidp0,rogrorn:DWL儲(chǔ)口iiipitstriiny：asdlli23k4j21zklTiljklidxabtKii1L-5Pr的窗Anyk由jtoconihme實(shí)驗(yàn)6改變年月日的實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容：先在屏幕上顯示“whatisthedate(mm/dd/yy)?“從鍵盤(pán)輸入的月曰年能把計(jì)算機(jī)的系統(tǒng)日期改為你鍵入的值。完整代碼如下

18、：DATASSEGMENTS1DB0AH,0DH,whatisthedate(mm/dd/yy)?:$DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENTSTACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKS.word.zl-START:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AXMOVDX,OFFSETS1MOVAH,09H;打印字符串whatisthedate(mm/dd/yy)?:INT21HMOVDX,0H;DX=CH=0MOVCH,0;MOVSI,0AHKAISHI:MOVCL,0;用來(lái)壓縮移位SHURU:MOVAH,01H;輸入字符存入AL

19、中INT21HMOVAH,0AH;10賦給AHCMPAL,0DH;AL=13則結(jié)束，設(shè)置日期JEGENGGAICMPAL,/;計(jì)算來(lái)判斷是年，月，日J(rèn)EZIZENG.word.zl-ANDAL,0FHCMPCH,0;等于0則轉(zhuǎn)月JEYUECMPCH,1;等于1則轉(zhuǎn)日J(rèn)ERICMPCH,2;等于2則轉(zhuǎn)年JENIANZIZENG:INCCHJMPSHURU;無(wú)條件轉(zhuǎn)移至SHURUYUE:ADDDH,ALCMPCL,0JNZKAISHIINCCLMOVAL,DHMULAHMOVDH,ALJMPSHURU;無(wú)條件轉(zhuǎn)移至SHURURI:.word.zl-ADDDL,ALCMPCL,0JNZKAISHII

20、NCCLMOVAL,DLMULAHMOVDL,ALJMPSHURU;無(wú)條件轉(zhuǎn)移至SHURUNIAN:CMPCL,0JNZXIABUADDBL,ALMOVCL,03H;3賦給CLJMPSHURU;無(wú)條件轉(zhuǎn)移至SHURUXIABU:MOVAH,0;清空AHMOVSI,BX;SI=BXSHLBX,CL;BX左移三位，乘以8.word.zl-SHLSI,1;SI左移一位，乘以2ADDBX,SI;兩個(gè)相加，即乘以10ADDBX,AX;BX加上新輸入的數(shù)字JMPSHURUGENGGAI:MOVCX,BXMOVAH,2BH;設(shè)置日期INT21HMOVAH,4CHINT21HCODESENDSENDSTART

21、輸出結(jié)果為：（設(shè)置2008年12月3日，注意如果要設(shè)置好系統(tǒng)，否則可能計(jì)算機(jī)的日期改變不了）.word.zl-實(shí)驗(yàn)7將小寫(xiě)字母轉(zhuǎn)換為大寫(xiě)字母的實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容：接收鍵入字符(以Ctrl-c為結(jié)束),將小寫(xiě)字母變?yōu)榇髮?xiě)字母，并在屏幕上顯示。完整代碼如下：DATASSEGMENT；此處輸入數(shù)據(jù)段代碼STRING1DB13,10pleaseinputastring$STRING2DB13,10；theoutputstringis,$DATADB100DUP(00H),$DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT；此處輸入堆棧段代碼STACKSENDS.word.zl-CODESSEGMENTASSUM

22、ECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKSSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX；此處輸入代碼段代碼M:LEASI,DATALEADX,STRING1；打印字符串1MOVAH,09INT21HINPUT:MOVAH,01;輸入字符CINT21HCMPAL,03HJEOUTPUTCMPAL,aMCMPAL,z.word.zl-JAMSUBAL,20H;減20H變小寫(xiě)MOVSI,ALINCSIJMPINPUTOUTPUT:LEADX,STRING2;打印字符用2MOVAH,09INT21HLEASI,DATAL1:MOVDL,SICMPDL,00HJEENDINGMOVA

23、H,02INT21HINCSIJMPL1.word.zl-ENDING:MOVAH,4CHINT21HCODESENDSENDSTART運(yùn)行結(jié)果為：(如果輸入的不在af中，則重新輸入)DOSBct074匚加1MMcyiJes,3口0,片口卡啟E.W/TEMPfilrrtXrkJinput,astringUinpiildstriny：PInputastrhiyinputqstringJshglEfsAagvtheovtputstrintfi等；LSH應(yīng)5JGU屋hsgPressanykeytdccmtLiuue_實(shí)驗(yàn)8排序?qū)嶒?yàn)(0-9)實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容：從首地址為1000H開(kāi)始存放10個(gè)數(shù)，將這些數(shù)按降

24、序排列完整代碼如下：DATASSEGMENT;此處輸入數(shù)據(jù)段代碼.word.zl-STRING1DBpleaseinput10number$STRING2DB13,10；thesortednumbersare$ORG1000HDATADB10DUP(00H),$DATASENDSSTACKSSEGMENT；此處輸入堆棧段代碼STACKSENDSCODESSEGMENTASSUMECS:CODES,DS:DATAS,SS:STACKSSTART:MOVAX,DATASMOVDS,AX；此處輸入代碼段代碼LEADX,STRING1;輸入提示語(yǔ)pleseinput10numbers:MOVAH,09

25、INT21H.word.zl-MOVCX,10LEASI,DATAINPUT:MOVAH,01輸入字符至ALINT21HMOVSI,AL把AL賦給偏移地址為SI指向的單元INCSILOOPINPUTMOVBL,0L0:MOVCX,9LEASI,DATAL1:;比較第SI個(gè)數(shù)和第SI+1個(gè)數(shù)的大小MOVAL,SIINCSICMPAL,SICHANGE;若小于M轉(zhuǎn)CHANGEL2:LOOPL1;小循環(huán)（CX自動(dòng)減1）,若CX=0則結(jié)束L3:INCBL.word.zl-CMPBL,10L0；若大循環(huán)有1畋了，則轉(zhuǎn)OUTPUTJMPOUTPUTCHANGE:;交換兩個(gè)數(shù)XCHGAL,SI;交換，MOV

26、SI-1,AL;賦給SI-1JMPL2OUTPUT:LEADX,STRING2;輸入提示語(yǔ)thesortednumbersare:MOVAH,09INT21HMOVCX,10LEASI,DATAL4:;循環(huán)輸出MOVDL,SIMOVAH,02INT21HINCSI.word.zl-LOOPL4MOVAH,4CHINT21HCODESENDSENDSTART輸出結(jié)果為：里|口鏘呢乂白乂工四jOOOy;lcirran-cikip0.r&gam；DWTMPdeaseinpirtItJnumbers:125UHJbtJicsartednuinbcrsAreFrcssonyNeytocontimuc_實(shí)

27、驗(yàn)8排序?qū)嶒?yàn)（多位數(shù)排序）實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容：從首地址為1000H開(kāi)始存放10個(gè)數(shù)，將這些數(shù)按降序排列.完整代碼如下:.word.zl-DATASEGMENT;CHANGE函數(shù)DI,SI為入口函數(shù)，交換SI,DI的值，SI,DI值已經(jīng)大變BUFFERDB100DB?DB100DUP(?)DB$ORG1000HNEQU10;每個(gè)數(shù)最大為1帥;中間變量;中間變量;中間變量STOREDATADB110DUP(30H)TEMP1DB12DUP(24H)TEMP2DB12DUP(24H)TEMP3DB12DUP(24H)DATAENDSSTACKSEGMENTPARASTACKDW60HDUP(0)STACKEN

28、DSCODESEGMENTASSUMEDS:DATA,CS:CODE,SS:STACKSTART:MOVAX,DATA.word.zl-MOVDS,AX;MOVAX,STACK;MOVSS,AX;可以有可以無(wú)，因?yàn)槠湟呀?jīng)默認(rèn)為SSTMOVDX,OFFSETBUFFERMOVAH,0AHINT21HCALLTURNLINELEASI,BUFFERLEADI,STOREDATACALLBUFFERTOSTORECALLTURNLINELEASI,STOREDATACALLPAREGO:MOVSI,OFFSETSTOREDATAMOVCL,110PRINT:MOVDL,SICMPDL,30H.wor

29、d.zl-JNEPRINT1CMPAL,1JEPRINT1；打印該有的0INCSILOOPPRINTPRINT1:CMPDL,2CHJEPRINT0JIXU:MOVAH,02HINT21HCMPDL,2CHJNEGOON5MOVAL,0JMPGOON6PRINT0:CMPAL,0JNEJIXUMOVDL,30HMOVAH,02HINT21H.word.zl-MOVDL,2CHJMPJIXUGOON5:MOVAL,1GOON6:INCSILOOPPRINTMOVAH,01HINT21HMOVAH,4CHINT21HPAREPROC;以$為入口傳遞MOVBX,SI;LEADI,TEMP2;GETL

30、AST:;CALLTEMPSAVE;INCDL;CMPDL,N;JEGOON1;LEADI,TEMP2.word.zl-JMPGETLAST;TEMP2始終指向當(dāng)前最后一個(gè)數(shù);GOON1:MOVCL,NPARE1:MOVSI,BXLEADI,TEMP1CALLTEMPSAVE;TEMP1指向第一個(gè)數(shù)，錯(cuò)啦，為什么呢，因?yàn)槟菢颖炔粫?huì)進(jìn)行變化MOVSI,BXMOVDH,1LEADI,TEMP1PUSHSIPARE2:LODSBMOVAH,DICMPAL,2CHJEEQUALCMPAL,AHBELOW.word.zl-CMPAL,AHJAABOVEINCDIJMPPARE2BELOW:INCDHPOPSIPUSHSILEADI,TEMP1CALLTEMPSAVE;使TEMP1存入當(dāng)前最小，因?yàn)門(mén)EMP1當(dāng)前元已經(jīng)存在了;不可以再轉(zhuǎn)存，否則出錯(cuò)POPSIADDSI,NINCSIPUSHSICMPDH,CLJAGOON2LEADI,TEMP1JMPPARE2.word.zl-EQUAL:INCDH；不交換POPSIADDSI,NINCSIPUSHSICMPDH,CLJAGOON2;比較CL次LEADI,TEMP1JMP