unit 2 reading-language points

1、Unit 2Discovering useful words and expressions because of 因?yàn)?，由于因?yàn)?，由?The police are advising motorists to reduce speed because of the fog.I didnt go to school because of my illness. because + 句子句子 because of + 名詞名詞 Please be brief because I am in a hurry. No one came to the sale because of the bad w

2、eather. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)No one came to the sale _ the weather _ bad.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _ he wanted to sit next to his wife. (2010遼寧遼寧) A. although B. unless C. because D. ifbecausewasCA child came up to me and showed me theway to the station. The sky was dark blue and clear

3、when the moon came up. A number of questions came up at the meeting. 3. Would you please come up to my flat for a visit? come up 走近，上來(lái)，提出；長(zhǎng)出走近，上來(lái)，提出；長(zhǎng)出(1) He came up and said hello to us.(2) We watched the sun come up.(3) The question came up at the meeting.(4) The roses are just beginning to come u

4、p.Translate the sentences and say what the phrase come up means in each one.走近走近上升上升被提被提出出發(fā)芽，長(zhǎng)出發(fā)芽，長(zhǎng)出come out 出現(xiàn)，顯露，出版，發(fā)表，結(jié)果是出現(xiàn)，顯露，出版，發(fā)表，結(jié)果是 come up with 提出，想出提出，想出 come to 總計(jì)總計(jì);蘇醒，復(fù)原蘇醒，復(fù)原 come across 碰到碰到; 遇到，無(wú)意中發(fā)現(xiàn)遇到，無(wú)意中發(fā)現(xiàn)come down 下降，潦倒，流傳下降，潦倒，流傳 come back 回來(lái)，恢復(fù)回來(lái)，恢復(fù)(知覺(jué)、記憶等）知覺(jué)、記憶等）, 卷土重來(lái)，重新流行卷土重來(lái)，

5、重新流行come along 一道走一道走 come through 經(jīng)歷，脫險(xiǎn)，安然度過(guò)經(jīng)歷，脫險(xiǎn)，安然度過(guò) come from 來(lái)自，起源于來(lái)自，起源于 come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)，成真實(shí)現(xiàn)，成真 come的常用短語(yǔ)的常用短語(yǔ)4. So why has English changed over time?over在句中的意思是在句中的意思是“貫穿貫穿”，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于duringOver the years, she has become more careful. Rick went to visit his grandparents over the Christmas. over ti

6、me 久而久之久而久之; 隨著時(shí)間的過(guò)去隨著時(shí)間的過(guò)去5. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.more than 在句中的意思是在句中的意思是“是是而不而不是是”，肯定，肯定more后面的內(nèi)容而否定后面的內(nèi)容而否定than后面的內(nèi)容。后面的內(nèi)容。Hearing the loud noise, the boy was more surprised than frightened.This book seems to be more a manual than a text. Do you think

7、him naughty enough? Im afraid hes _ than naughty. A. more clever B. clever C. much clever D. much more clever 解析：在此句中解析：在此句中more . than意為意為“是是而不是而不是；”。A對(duì)你們來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)會(huì)用英語(yǔ)思考比僅僅知對(duì)你們來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)會(huì)用英語(yǔ)思考比僅僅知道語(yǔ)法規(guī)則更重要。道語(yǔ)法規(guī)則更重要。(more than) Its more important for you to learn to think in English than only to know grammar ru

8、les. 與其說(shuō)她是個(gè)演員，不如說(shuō)是個(gè)歌唱家。與其說(shuō)她是個(gè)演員，不如說(shuō)是個(gè)歌唱家。She is more a singer than an actress. base on 基于，以基于，以 . 為依據(jù)為依據(jù) A good marriage is based on trust.This song is based on an old folk tune. Scientific theories must be based on facts. This film is based on a novel by D. H. Lawrence.Many students believe that th

9、e choice of their courses and universities should _ (以他們個(gè)以他們個(gè)人的興趣為基礎(chǔ)人的興趣為基礎(chǔ))答案：答案：be based on their own interest present n. 目前目前, 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在; 禮物禮物 at present 現(xiàn)在，目前現(xiàn)在，目前There is no time like the present. I cant spare time because I am busy at present.What present did you receive from your parents? present

10、adj. 1) 當(dāng)前的當(dāng)前的, 現(xiàn)在的現(xiàn)在的 Can you tell us anything about the presentsituation?2) 出席的出席的, 在場(chǎng)的在場(chǎng)的How many people were present at the meeting? Al the people present agree to my plan. present vt. 贈(zèng)與贈(zèng)與, 贈(zèng)給予贈(zèng)給予 (present sth. to / with sb.)He presented her with a bunch of flowers.出席會(huì)議的人都贊同這個(gè)計(jì)劃。出席會(huì)議的人都贊同這個(gè)計(jì)劃。

11、All the people who _ _ at the meeting were for the plan. 目前我們還沒(méi)抓到這個(gè)賊。目前我們還沒(méi)抓到這個(gè)賊。 We havent found the thief _ _. were presentat presentAll the people _ at the party were his supporters. (2002北京北京) A. present B. thankful C. interested D. importantA6. So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use o

12、f a wider vocabulary than ever before. make use of 利用利用；使用；使用Wed better make use of something inexpensive.They began to consider how to make use of it.注意：注意：use前可用前可用good，full，poor, little等詞修飾。等詞修飾。 make full use of 充分利用充分利用 make good use of 好好利用好好利用 make little use of 不充分利用不充分利用 take full advantage

13、 of 充分利用充分利用 make the most of 最好地利用最好地利用1) The manager of the company told us that very little _ was made of the waste material in the past. A. cost B. value C. use D. matter解析：注意解析：注意make use of的被動(dòng)形式。的被動(dòng)形式。答案：答案：C2) The money collected should be made good use _ the people who suffered a lot in this

14、 terrible earthquake. A. of helping B. to help C. to helping D. of to help解析：此題考查解析：此題考查make good use of答案：答案：D3) Every minute must be made full use of _ spoken English. A. to practise B. practicing C. practice D. practised答案：答案：A與與make有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)： make friends with 和和交朋友交朋友 make fun of 取笑取笑 make a d

15、ecision 作出決定作出決定 make a face / faces 扮鬼臉扮鬼臉 make progress in 在在取得進(jìn)步取得進(jìn)步 make a choice / choices 挑選一下挑選一下; 做出做出選擇選擇 make it 成功成功 make sure 確信確信 7. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling. latter adj較后的，后面的，較后的，后面的， (兩者中兩者中) 后者的后者的 I find it hard to understand the latter part

16、of his lecture. Did he walk or swim across the river? The latter seems unlikely. 【辨析辨析】late，later, latter, lately1) late是形容詞，表示是形容詞，表示“遲到的，晚的遲到的，晚的”。如：。如： You are late again! 2) later可作形容詞，是可作形容詞，是late的比較級(jí)，意為的比較級(jí)，意為“更遲的，更后的更遲的，更后的”；也可作副詞，意為；也可作副詞，意為“稍稍后，隨后后，隨后”，常與，常與on連用。如：連用。如： In her later years s

17、he gave herself over to writing full-time. We will discuss this in detail later. 3) latter最常用的含義是最常用的含義是“兩者中的兩者中的(后者后者)”，常與常與the連用，固定搭配連用，固定搭配“the former ，the latter ”。如：。如： Here are Tom and David; the latter is my brother. 4) lately是副詞，意為是副詞，意為“近來(lái)，最近近來(lái)，最近”，同義，同義詞是詞是recently。如：。如： Have you been to B

18、eijing lately? Did he go there by bike or on foot? The _ seems unlikely. A. latter B. late C. later D. lately【答案答案】A8. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. a number of 許多，若干許多，若干 Quite a numb

19、er of world famous paintings are on show in this exhibition. the number of . 的數(shù)目的數(shù)目The number of tigers has reduced abruptly in the last fifty years. the number of “.的數(shù)目的數(shù)目”，后接可數(shù)名，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 The number of undergraduates has increased over the years.a number of 許多許多 大量大量 后接

20、復(fù)數(shù)名詞，此短后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，此短語(yǔ)加復(fù)數(shù)名詞在句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用語(yǔ)加復(fù)數(shù)名詞在句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。復(fù)數(shù)。 A number of teachers are on leave. a great number of a large number of / a small number of 1. The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were2.

21、_ the books Ive collected in my home _ about 10,000 copies. A. A number of; is B. A number of; are C. The number of; are D. The number of; isCD8. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. such as 例如，諸如例如，諸如I know many of them, such as John, Peter,

22、 and Tom.The Roman languages, such as French, Italian, are all derived from Latin. such as & for example such as用來(lái)列舉事物時(shí)用來(lái)列舉事物時(shí), 一般列舉同類(lèi)人或一般列舉同類(lèi)人或事物中的事物中的幾個(gè)幾個(gè)例子且所列舉事物的數(shù)量不能例子且所列舉事物的數(shù)量不能等于它前面所提到的總和等于它前面所提到的總和, 一旦相等一旦相等, 要用要用that is 或或namely。for example用來(lái)舉例說(shuō)明某一論點(diǎn)或情況用來(lái)舉例說(shuō)明某一論點(diǎn)或情況, 一一般只舉同類(lèi)人或物中的般只舉同類(lèi)人或物

23、中的 一個(gè)一個(gè)為例為例, 作插入語(yǔ)作插入語(yǔ),可位于句首、句中或句尾可位于句首、句中或句尾, 通常與所給的例子通常與所給的例子用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，其后的例子可以是從句。用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，其后的例子可以是從句。He can speak four languages such as English and French.Ball games, for example, have spread around the world.Only one person can answer the question namely you. Fill in the blanks with such as, for exampl

24、e or namely.(1) Students, _ Tom and Mary, should be learnt from.(2) Wear something simple, _ a skirt and blouse. (3) He knows six languages, _ Chinese French, English, Spanish, Russian and Portuguese.such as for examplenamely1. I cant believe that it is the _ (官方的官方的) attitude toward the accident.2.

25、 Mike sold some _ (公寓公寓) in the center of this city and made lots of money.3. Now just ask yourself which answer is better, the former or the _?4. Mr. White was asked by the customs officers (海關(guān)人員海關(guān)人員) to show them his i_ card.officialapartmentslatteridentity Write the correct words.5. After practicing for half a year, he was finally able to speak English f_.6. Gradually you will be able to know what sort of person he a_ is.7. Wide rea