高考英語 書面表達議論文寫作指導(dǎo)素材

1、高考英語書面表達議論文寫作指導(dǎo)議論文通過議論或說理來表達作者的見解和主張。作者對某一問題持有一種看法，為了使讀者同意自己的看法,提出若干理由，企圖說服他人。一、議論文的三要素: 論點 是作者在文章中提出的對某一個問題或某一類事件的看法、觀點、主張，它要求要正確 、鮮明、有針對性。一篇議論文只能有一個中心論點。論點一般在開頭提出，然后加以論證。 論據(jù) 是證明論點正確的證據(jù)，要想證明論點的正確，首先，論據(jù)必須讓人覺得真實、可信， 能夠充分證明論點。其次，論據(jù)要具有典型性，能收到“以一當(dāng)十”的效果。第三，論據(jù)要 新穎，盡可能尋找一些新鮮的、能給人以新的感受和啟示的論據(jù).一般是以事實為論據(jù)，也可以利用

2、成語，格言，名人名言作為論據(jù)。 論證 是議論文中必不可少的部分。一段完整的議論，只有通過論證證明論據(jù)和論點之間的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，才能將論據(jù)和論點融為一體，也才能構(gòu)成一篇完整的、有說服力的文章。二、議論文的類型: “一分為二”的觀點 從兩方面去分析一個問題,然后闡述自己的觀點 “兩者選一”的觀點 分析兩種事物的優(yōu)劣勢，闡述自己的觀點“我認(rèn)為”型 闡述對某一事物的客觀看法. 如“你對課外閱讀的看法“怎樣（how to）”型 分析怎樣解決一個問題如“怎樣克服學(xué)習(xí)中碰到的困難” 看圖（表）作文 通過閱讀圖表中的數(shù)字與項目得出一個結(jié)論或形成一種看法 一) “一分為二”觀點的議論文模式Introductio

3、n 第1段:Nowadays more and more people/plays an important part in. like everything else,has/have both favorable and unfavorable aspects/both advantages and disadvantages. Generally, the favorable aspects/advantages can be listed as follows. Main body 第2段：Firstly,. Secondly, In addition/Whats more 第3段:

4、Every coin has two sides. The negative aspects/disadvantages are also apparent/obvious. To begin with; To make matters worse; Worse of all Conclusion 第4段: Through above analysis/All things considered, we can see that the positive aspects/advantages outweigh the negative ones/disadvantages. Therefore

5、“一分為二”類作文范例說廣告（about advertisement）提示：有人說廣告在現(xiàn)代社會是很重要，有人認(rèn)為廣告的促銷成分太多，你認(rèn)為 二) “兩者選一”觀點的議論文模式 模式:A、B兩者優(yōu)劣勢分析,要么選A,要么選B. Introduction 第1段:Some people hold the opinion that (A) is superior to (B) in many ways. Others, however, argue that (B) is much better. Personally, I would prefer (A) because I think (A)

6、 has more advantages. Main body 第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer (A). The main reason is that Another reason is that(贊同A的原因) 第3段: Of course, choosing (B) also has advantages to some extent (列出12個B的優(yōu)勢) Conclusion 第4段: But if all these factors are considered, (A) is much better than (B). from w

7、hat has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that (總結(jié)觀點) 模式: A、B優(yōu)勢相當(dāng),依情況而定,有條件地選擇A或B. Introduction 第1段:Which would you prefer if you are faced with the choice between (A) and (B)? Before you make the decision, you had better make a close comparison. Main body 第2段：It is true that(選擇A的優(yōu)勢之一). It is also true that(選擇A的優(yōu)勢之二). But (選擇A的劣勢). 第3段: Though.(選擇B的劣勢), (選擇B的優(yōu)勢之一). Furthermore, (選擇B的優(yōu)勢之二). Conclusion 第4段: Therefore, if you, you should choose (A), but if you, you should choose (B). (總結(jié)觀點,提出建議) “兩者選一”類作文范例 健康與財富(Health and We