托福聽力分類詞匯

1、新托福舊T聽力場景入學(xué)：enrollment登記，注冊openingceremonyn開業(yè)典禮,儀式commencementceremony畢業(yè)典禮convocationn正式會議（可指簡單的畢業(yè)典禮）orientationmeeting開學(xué)說明會staffn.全體職員freshman（大學(xué)）一年級學(xué)生sophomore（大學(xué)）二年級學(xué)生junior（大學(xué)）三年級學(xué)生senior（大學(xué)）四年級學(xué)生tuition,fee費(fèi)用placementtest開學(xué)測試excellent出色的average平均的，一般的belowaverage低于平均水平的，差的結(jié)構(gòu)及稱謂：university-presi

2、dent大學(xué)，校長chancellor名譽(yù)校長college學(xué)院school學(xué)院dean院長principal中學(xué)校長professor教授associateprofessor副教授assistantprofessor助理教授coordinator班主任，協(xié)調(diào)人counselor輔導(dǎo)員advisor指導(dǎo)老師instructor講師tutor個(gè)人輔導(dǎo)supervisor管理人undergraduate本科graduate研究生建筑物buildings:canteen餐廳cafeteria.自助餐廳administrationbuilding行政大樓mainbuilding主樓wing/annex

3、酉己樓teachingbuilding教學(xué)樓dormitoryn.宿舍auditoriumn.會堂，禮堂=lecturehallassemblyn集合，集會hallcomputerlab計(jì)算實(shí)驗(yàn)室，機(jī)房dininghall食堂選課學(xué)科major主修minor副修science理科，arts文科，engineering工科Mathematics數(shù)學(xué)physics物理chemistry化學(xué)biology生物學(xué)geography地理學(xué)electronics電子學(xué)computerscience計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)astronomy天文學(xué)electronicsengineering電子工程學(xué)botany植物學(xué)ps

4、ychology心理學(xué)zoology動物學(xué)architecture建筑學(xué)oceanography海洋學(xué)ecology生態(tài)學(xué)medicalscience醫(yī)學(xué)archaeology考古學(xué)history歷史學(xué)linguistics語言學(xué)pedagogies教育學(xué)，教學(xué)法anthropology人類學(xué)economics經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)statistics統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)accounting會計(jì)學(xué)philosophy哲學(xué)類型required、compulsorycourse必修課selective/optionalcourse選修課electivecourse選修課lecture講座seminar高級研討性課colloqu

5、iumn.報(bào)告課tutorial個(gè)人輔導(dǎo)課程workshop專題課程級別Introductory入門級elementary,fundamental初級Intermediate,secondary中級Advanced高級Prerequisite先修課程上課：Attendclass上課Missclass缺課Skipclass逃課Syllabus教學(xué)大綱Requiredtextbook要求的課本Attendance出勤Gradingsystem打分體系Classparticipation課堂參與雜semester/term學(xué)期quarter小學(xué)期courseguideline課程綱要major主修m

6、inor副修exemption免修syllabus教學(xué)大綱Professor'ssignal:激掇的簽字（用于注冊課程）Coursecap課程容量（可以招收的學(xué)生數(shù)），openings（可供注冊的名額）Take選（課），drop退（課）Lateregistration晚注冊Deregistration注銷教師稱號professor教授lecturer=instructor講師teachingassistant=TA助教researchassistant=RAS研counselor,adviser咨詢者，顧問president大學(xué)校長teacher/faculty教師student

7、9;sadvisor學(xué)生顧問physicist物理學(xué)家mathematician數(shù)學(xué)家chemist化學(xué)家historian歷史學(xué)家statistician統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家作業(yè)：assignment作業(yè)homework=coursework=schoolwork=studies作業(yè)labreport實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告bookreport讀書報(bào)告project作業(yè)presentation發(fā)言termpaper學(xué)期論文（researchpaperthesis/essay/dissertation論文journal學(xué)采期刊socialinvestigation社會調(diào)查survey調(diào)查questionnairen調(diào)查表

8、，問卷observationn觀察interviewvt.n.采訪collectdata收集數(shù)據(jù)broad（論文等）內(nèi)容寬泛narrowdown（論文等）縮小范圍source（寫論文的）參考資料criticalthinking評判性思維lackyourownideas缺少自己的想法deadlinen最終期限extension延期duedate/time期限outlinen.大綱,提綱（roadmap）bibliographyn書目，參考書目reference參考plagiarismn.抄襲revisev.修改rewritev.重寫finaldraft完成稿speechn演講presentati

9、on演講，陳述eyecontact目光接觸intonation音調(diào)考試：mid-termexam期中考finalexams=finals期末考cumulativefinal總結(jié)性考試take-homeexam（拿回家的開卷考試,一般有限定的時(shí)間）open-bookexam開卷考試subjectivetest主觀性測試objectivetest客觀性測試popquiz抽查式測驗(yàn)bluebook答題本assessmentrW價(jià)appraisaln評價(jià)，估價(jià)makeupfor補(bǔ)考,resit,retake重考grade（mark、score）分?jǐn)?shù)成績：perfectgrade優(yōu)異成績lowgrade

10、低分highmark高分passinggrade及格分failinggrade不及格分fullmarks滿分straightA's全AbeallA'sandB's全是A和BBplusB力口AminusA減passtheiexamwithflyingcolors以優(yōu)異成績通過考試graduatewithhonors以榮譽(yù)畢業(yè)diploma,degree,certificate文憑,學(xué)位，證書考試問題：分析成績低的原因，給出解決辦法圖書館：library圖書館librarian圖書管理員publication出版物periodical期千Umagazine雜志bookcat

11、alogue圖書目錄classifiedcatalogue分類目錄bibliography參考書目titleindex書目索引alphabeticindex按字母順序排列的索circulationdesk借書處reservedbooks館藏書（只能在圖書館內(nèi)借閱）librarycard借書證overduefine過期罰金periodicalreadingroom期干U閱覽室onlinejournal在線期干Uvideotape錄像帶backissue過期雜志currentissue近期雜志archive檔案non-fiction非小說類文學(xué)作品science-fiction科幻小說copier

12、復(fù)印機(jī)checkout辦理（借、還）手續(xù)renew續(xù)借overdue過期interlibraryservice館際服務(wù)部分名稱informationdeskm服務(wù)臺delivery/circulationdesk借書臺shelfn.書架photocopyroom復(fù)印室returnarea還書處studentslocker學(xué)生存儲問referencesection參考書部科研過程|HypothesisAlternativehypothesis擇一彳矍說Nullhypothesis無效假說，零假說CollectdataSurvey,questionnaireExperimentInterfere,

13、influenceObservationAnalyzedataInterpretdataAnalysisAnalyticalSubjectSampleTreatmentgroupNon-treatmentControlgroup校內(nèi)工作，課外活動及尋找經(jīng)濟(jì)援助：Letterofreference/recommendationCompetitiveBenefitfuturecareerFieldresearchCollectdataforpapersWaiter,waitress,BabysitterWorkatthelibraryQualification資格，qualified合格的Resu

14、me,CVfinancialaid經(jīng)濟(jì)援助ScholarshipFellowshipTeachingassistantship助教獎學(xué)金ResearchassistantshipPF究獎學(xué)金Grant助學(xué)金Loan貸款Need-based以需求為基礎(chǔ)Merit-based以優(yōu)秀為基礎(chǔ)Studentunion學(xué)生會Clubs俱樂部Membership成員資格Careerservice住宿：宿舍：accommodationn住處,膳宿r(nóng)esidencehall宿舍suite套問studio工作室，獨(dú)立套問village村落(校內(nèi)一棟一棟的房子,可以用做宿舍)loungen公共大廳(可以用做娛樂)h

15、ome-stay在國外住在房東家里的那種roommate同屋者，室友corridorn.走廊,過道，leasen租借，租約landlord房東landlady女房東rent租金tenant房客pation.陽臺，slidingdoorn.推拉門singleroom單人房twinroom雙人房two-bedroomapartmenthousekey房鎖匙床上用品：pillown.枕頭bedlinenn.床上用品sheetn.被單mattressn床墊blanketn.毯子toweln.手巾，毛巾quiltn.棉被電器類electricappliance(instrument;equipment)

16、電器heater,furnace力口熱器，爐子heatingunit暖氣片airconditioner空調(diào)設(shè)備stove爐子microwaveoven微波爐washer/dryer洗衣機(jī)/烘干機(jī)(laundry洗衣店)utensil器皿;用具kitchenutensil炊具oven烤箱；烤爐range煤氣灶dishwasher洗碟機(jī)washingmachine洗衣機(jī)(hot-water)heater熱水器coffeepot咖啡壺refrigerator(freezer)冰箱vacuumcleaner吸塵器tapeplayer錄音機(jī)CDplayerCD機(jī)Laundromat自動洗衣店租房家具類m

17、aintenance維修，保養(yǎng)furniture家具bookshelf書架bookcase書柜couch沙發(fā)chest柜子；櫥；箱子dresser(bureau)梳妝臺cabinet(電視機(jī)等)機(jī)箱；儲藏柜；陳列柜cupboard(closet)碗櫥storagewall壁櫥rug小地毯carpet地毯curtain窗簾bathtub浴缸fixture(房屋)固定裝置furnishings室內(nèi)陳設(shè)日常生活/問題：personalpossessions/property/belongingsT人財(cái)getinsuranceforpersonalpossessions/property/belong

18、sgarbage/rubbish/wastenfe圾disposev.處理gasmeter煤氣表insectn.昆蟲burglarn.夜賊leaking/leakagen.泄漏lostkey丟鑰匙breakin闖入講座場景詞匯Geology地質(zhì)學(xué)Sliden.滑坡Landsliden.山體滑坡Mud泥土，soil土壤Earthn.土Sinkv.下沉Groundwater地下水Irrigationn.灌溉Freeze,froze,frozen於凍Meltv.融化moltenGravityn.重心Aggravatev力口重Leanv傾斜Slopen斜坡Steepadj陡峭Erodev.,erosi

19、onn腐蝕Fossiln.化石Dinosaurn.恐龍Sediment,deposit沉淀物Marble大理石granite花崗巖Ore礦石Stalactite鐘乳石Refinev.提煉Platinumv.柏金Seismology地震學(xué)Vibration,tremor,震動Wave波動Volcano,volcanic火山，火山的Volcaniceruption火山噴發(fā)Magnitude級數(shù)Collisionn.碰撞Activeadj.積極的Dormantadj.休眠的Extinctadj.熄滅的Magman巖漿Lavan.巖漿Eruptv.噴發(fā)explodev.爆炸(explosion)boo

20、mn爆炸Blastn.爆炸Avalanchen雪崩地球科學(xué)Earth'sinterior地球的內(nèi)部Seismicwaves地震波Compression壓縮Shear(adeformationofanobjectinwhichparallelplanesremainparallelbutareshiftedinadirectionparalleltothemselves)Slowdown減慢速度Reflect反射Depth深度Density密度Boundary邊界Mantle地幔Crust地殼Core地心Continentalplate大陸板塊Tectonicplate（地球表面的）構(gòu)造

21、板塊Continentaldrift大陸漂移Layer,strata層Stratify分層Crack裂縫Moltenlava融化的巖漿Climaticshift=Climaticchanges氣候變化Consistentpattern統(tǒng)一的，始終一致的Solarenergy太陽能Radiate發(fā)射，放射Crudeapproximation大概的猜測Speculation猜測Coolingdown冷去Mechanism機(jī)制LengthofthedayPhysicalforce體力Imaginaryline虛擬線Artificialreservoir人工水庫LatitudeRedistribute

22、再分配，再分布Spin快速旋轉(zhuǎn)Minerals礦物質(zhì)Diverse多樣的Specimen,Sample樣品Abundant豐富的Glassy像玻璃的Amazonstones天河石Firingvapor炙熱的水蒸汽Wipeout根除，徹底消滅MtEverest珠穆朗瑪峰Elevation海拔，海拔增高Precisemeasuremen®確的測量GlobalPositioningSystem全球定位系統(tǒng)Longitude經(jīng)度Latitude維度Alternativesourcesofenergy可替代資Gashydrate氣體水合物Trap困住Flame火焰Potential潛在的Mod

23、el模式Geologicalfault地質(zhì)斷層Crack裂縫seismicgap地震活動空白地帶postulate彳貿(mào)設(shè)chunk大塊cylinder圓柱cylindrical圓柱形的groundtiltmeasurement地傾斜觀測evacuate撤出sedimentaryadj.沉淀性的accumulate積累商業(yè)Insurance保險(xiǎn)Note注意Contract合約Verbalagreement口頭協(xié)議Repay償還Interest利息Merchant商人Cautious謹(jǐn)慎的Paramount極為重要的Manufacture制造Label標(biāo)簽Contention所持觀點(diǎn)Inform告

24、知Cost成本Profit利潤loss損失Net凈的，gross粗略的Supplyanddemand求Supplychain供應(yīng)鏈Fluctuation浮動Recession衰退Depression蕭條Marketingstrategies市場營銷策略Survey調(diào)查Surplus剩余Shipment運(yùn)輸Distribution分布Retail零售Wholesale批發(fā)Franchise特許經(jīng)營Budget預(yù)算哲學(xué)Socrates,PlatoandAristotleTheme主題Logic邏輯Rhetoric修辭Fundamentalcauses基本原因Principlesoftheunive

25、rse宇宙的原則Perceive看待，觀察Perception觀點(diǎn)Sense感覺Soul靈魂spiritElement組成成分Reasoning推理Ration理性,rational有理性的Contemplation沉思，思考Judgment判斷Just公正的，justice公正Justify證明,justification合理的理由Explicit明確的Ethics道德規(guī)范Ethicaltheory倫理理論Moral有道德的Ultimatetruth終極真理Universal普遍的Searchfortruth追求真理Varyv.不相同Intrinsic內(nèi)部的Extrinsic外部的Criti

26、c評論家Old-fashioned過時(shí)的Valuable有價(jià)值的Survive生存，存活Conservative保守的Liberal開放的Impractical不實(shí)際的Empirical經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的Cognitive認(rèn)知的Weaken削弱Diminish(影響力)減小Medieval中世紀(jì)Renaissance文藝復(fù)興Doctrine教義，主義，學(xué)說Idealism唯心論，理想主義Epistemologyn.認(rèn)識論Metaphysics形而上學(xué)，玄學(xué)Reconcile和解，調(diào)停天文學(xué)astronomyconstellation星座zodiac(星象學(xué)的星座)planet行星sun恒星Jupite

27、r木星Pluto冥王星Saturn土星Mercury水星Mars火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres谷物星(thelargestasteroidandthefirstdiscovered)Whitedwarf白矮星BigDipper北斗七星Asteroidbelt小行星帶MilkyWay銀河系Galaxyn.星系orbitv.運(yùn)行n.軌道rotatev.轉(zhuǎn)Axisn.軸trackn.軌道outerspace#太空gravityn.重力equatorn赤道tropical熱帶的brightnessn亮度dimensionn.維度distancen.距離Eclipse

28、(日月食)Wane,diminishv.逐漸變小Centripetal向心Centrifugal離心Nebula星云(animmensecloudofgas(mainlyhydrogen)anddustininterstellarspace)Nebulousadj.星云的Gas氣體(rock,ice,hydrogen,oxygen)Particle微粒表演藝術(shù)（舞蹈，電影，音樂etc.）Polarlight極光Astronomical天文的Astrophysics天文物理學(xué)BigDipper北斗七星Blackhole黑洞Celestial大體的Celestialmap天體圖Centrifuga

29、lforce離心力Chondrite球粒狀隕石Chromosphere太陽的色球?qū)覥lockwise順時(shí)針Cluster星團(tuán)，一群星星Comet彗星Cosmos宇宙，cosmetic宇宙的Cosmology宇宙學(xué)Emission排放物，發(fā)射Faint微弱的Feeble微弱的Gaseousbodies氣態(tài)包Gravitationalforce吸弓I力Greenwichmeantime格林尼治時(shí)間Highresolution高清晰度Ignite引燃Illusiveobject幻影物體Image影響，形象Infinite無限的Infraredray紅外射線Interferometer干擾儀Inter

30、galactic星系間的Internationaldateline國際日期變更線Interplanetary星球間的Interstellar星際的Leapyear閏年Lightyear光年Luminosity光亮度Lunar陰歷的，月亮的Massive巨大的Meteor流星Meteorshower流星雨Meteorite隕石Meteoroid流星體Molten融化的Nakedeye裸眼Observatory天文臺Photosphere光球?qū)覲lanetarium天文館Planetoid小行星Polestar北極星Pseudoscience偽科學(xué)Quasar類星體Radiation輻射Revol

31、ution旋轉(zhuǎn)Rotation旋轉(zhuǎn)Satellite衛(wèi)星Skyatlas天體圖Solarcorona日冕Spacedebris太空垃圾Spaceshuttle太空飛船Spacesuit太空®Spin快速旋轉(zhuǎn)Starcluster星群,星團(tuán)Stellar星星的Sunspot太陽黑子Timedifference時(shí)差Timezone時(shí)區(qū)Genre藝術(shù)分類Performingart表演藝術(shù)moderndancepiece®代舞concert音樂會play居1Jopera歌居【Jfilm電影camera攝影camerashotanalytical分析的parallel平行的balle

32、t芭蕾舞choreographer舞蹈指導(dǎo)Fine/visualarts視覺藝術(shù)Abstractart抽象藝術(shù)landscape風(fēng)景photography攝影exposure曝光developfilm沖洗膠卷negativen.底片portrait(portrayv.)肖像，人像、stilllife靜物sculpture雕塑statue人物雕像lifelike逼真的vividanthem國歌Critic評論家Criticism批評，評論Reviewn.評論Masterpiece杰作Haveaestheticvalue有美學(xué)價(jià)值A(chǔ)estheticappeal美學(xué)吸弓I力Feature特點(diǎn)Char

33、acteristics特點(diǎn)Distinctadj.與眾不同的Unique獨(dú)一無二的Style風(fēng)格Technique技巧Galleryn.畫館Editionn.專輯Releasev.發(fā)行Debutn.首映ImpressionistER象主義者ImpressionismER象派Perspective透視法Angle角度Press/Publishinghoused版社Acclaimv.盛贊mirage海市蜃樓prolific多產(chǎn)Preservev.保存Extinctadj.滅絕的，消失的Literature文學(xué)Poetry詩歌biography傳記autobiography自傳detectivest

34、ories偵探小說drama戲居【Jnovel小說Novelist小說家collectionofshortstories短篇小說集Allegory寓言Comparativeliterature比較文學(xué)Diary日t己Editorial社論，重要評論Fiction小說Aestheticism唯美Autobiography自傳Descriptiveprose描述散文Fairytale童話Futurism未來派Legend傳說Literarystudies文學(xué)研究Narrativeprose敘述性散文Podium講臺Prose散文Realism現(xiàn)實(shí)主義Schoolofliterature文學(xué)派別Le

35、adingcharacter主要角色Literarycriticism文學(xué)評論Literarystudies文學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)Modernism現(xiàn)代主義Plot情節(jié)Poetry詩歌Prologue前言Proverb諺語Surrealism超現(xiàn)實(shí)主義美術(shù)Artgallery藝?yán)菴alligraphy書法Imitating模仿Landscapepainting風(fēng)景畫Oilpainting油畫Paste粘貼Crayon蠟筆，粉筆，顏料Pigmentation顏料Canvas帆布Wax蠟Spectrum光譜Perspective透視畫法Poster海報(bào)Portrait肖像Model模式，模特mural壁畫Pan

36、orama全景Pasteldrawing蠟筆畫Sketch草圖Autograph手稿建筑Architecture建筑學(xué)Architect建筑師Architecturalstyle建筑風(fēng)格Artdeco裝飾藝術(shù)ArtmoderneGeometricpatterns幾何圖形Arch拱門Castle城堡Cathedral人教堂Framing結(jié)構(gòu)Lobbyn.大廳(entrancehall)Elevatorn.電梯Facaden.止面Stairs樓梯Interior內(nèi)部的Exterior外部的Impressionisticstyle印象派風(fēng)格Epilogue尾聲Score樂譜Note音符Notatio

37、n樂譜，記號法Chordsymbol和弦#Lyrics歌詞Tempo節(jié)奏Melody主旋律Rhythm節(jié)奏Tune旋律Conduct指揮Violin小提琴Viola中提琴Cello大提琴Oboe雙簧管Clarinet單簧管krummhorn'kr?mh?:nn.變號（一種古雙簧樂器）Harp豎琴M(fèi)osqueWM寺Pyramid金字塔Revival復(fù)活Renaissance義藝復(fù)興Medieval中世紀(jì)Byzantinearchitecture527(Sofia)-1520考古anthropologist人類學(xué)家ecological生態(tài)的anthropologist生態(tài)人類學(xué)家archa

38、eology考占學(xué)anthropology人類學(xué)音樂Accompaniment伴奏Audition試聽，試表演Bandmusic樂隊(duì)音樂Chord弦樂，弦Classicalmusic古典音樂Concerto協(xié)奏曲Lullaby催眠曲Duet一重奏Harmony和弦，和諧Rockandroll搖滾Serenade小夜曲Solo獨(dú)奏Sonata奏鳴曲Symphony交響樂Ballad歌謠Folkmusic民間音樂Prelude前奏morphology形態(tài)學(xué)Ancientcivilization古代文明origin起源originate起源十a(chǎn)ncestor祖先hominid人(科)homogene

39、ous同種族(種類)的tribe部落clan氏族archeologist考占學(xué)豕excavation挖掘excavate(unearth)挖掘Scoopruins遺跡，廢墟remains遺跡，遺骸artifact手工藝品pottery陶器(potter)Porcelain逐盔fossil化石relic遺物，文物Rockpainting巖石畫antique古物，古董antiquity古代，古老skull顱骨Cranial顱骨的StoneAge石器時(shí)代BronzeAge（青）銅器時(shí)代IronAge鐵器時(shí)代Paleolithic舊石器時(shí)代的Mesolithic中石器時(shí)代的Neolithic新石器時(shí)代

40、的Exhume挖掘PaleoanthropologyPrehistoric史前的Primitive原始的動物微生物Aminoacid氨基酸Antibody抗體Bacterium細(xì)菌BiologicalagencyCalcium鈣Carbohydrate碳水化合物Carbondioxide二氧化碳Cell細(xì)胞Chromosome染色體Disinfection消毒Enzymes酶Fatigue疲憊Fermentation發(fā)酵Fungus菌類Gene基因Geneticengineering基因工程學(xué)Glucose葡萄糖Immunology免疫學(xué)Incubation孵蛋Inflection傳染Mala

41、ria瘧疾Microbe微生物Nucleus細(xì)胞核One-celled單細(xì)胞的Oxidation氧化Parasiticanimal寄生動物Parasitediseased生蟲病Parasitology寄生蟲學(xué)Pathogen病菌，病原體Protozoa原生動物Sanitation衛(wèi)生Schistosomiaisis血吸蟲病Starch淀粉Sterilization消毒Toxin毒素Vaccine疫苗Virus病毒Yeast酵母動物livingorganism生物bacterium(pl.bacteria)細(xì)菌algae海藻coral珊瑚rodent嚙齒類動物primate靈長類動物ape猿ch

42、impanzeen.黑猩猩gorilla大猩猩monkeyn.猴子mammal哺乳類動物dinosaurn恐龍bat(ecolotion)蝙蝠(聲波定位)snowshoehare雪兔子raccoon浣熊polarbear北極熊snout(動物的)口鼻部；reptile爬行類動物snake,cobra眼鏡蛇,rattlesnake響尾蛇lizard蜥蜴,snail蝸牛amphibianadj.兩棲動物crocodile鱷魚frogn.青蛙tadpole蝌蚪toad蟾蛛pond池塘puddle水坑insectn.昆蟲mosquito蚊子fly蒼蠅cricket蟋蟀grasshopper蚱蜻h(yuǎn)one

43、ybeemonarchbutterfly大花蝶largemigratoryAmericanbutterflyhavingdeeporangewingswithblackandwhitemarkings;thelarvaefeedonmilkweedegg卵larvae幼蟲caterpillar毛蟲pupa/chrysalis繭termiten.白蟻marineadj.海洋的beaver貍whale鯨shark鯊魚dolphin海豚penguin企鵝predatorn.捕食者preyn.被捕食者aquaticadj.水生的shrimp蝦lobster龍蝦clam蚌crab螃蟹bird,hummi

44、ngbirdartery動脈scale鱗片claw爪,paw爪子horn角hormone荷爾蒙intestine腸hive蜂巢pollenn.花粉pollinatev.授粉hibernate冬眠migratev.遷徙communicatev.交流camouflage保護(hù)色evolve進(jìn)化evolutionn.進(jìn)化endothermn溫血動物，恒溫動物poikilothermn.冷血動物beak鳥嘴enzymes酵母secretion(n.)secrete(v.)分泌pancreas胰腺odor氣味(還有aromafragrancescentsmell)gland腺體chromosome染色體植

45、物botany植物學(xué)botanist植物學(xué)家tundra苔原;凍土地帶，凍原fungus(pl.fungi)菌類laurel月桂chestnuttree栗子樹root根branch枝stem莖algae(pl.alga)海藻organism有機(jī)物birchtree(bark)樺樹crops谷物corn玉米maize玉米chlorophyll葉綠素aminoacids氨基酸protein蛋白質(zhì)nitrogen氮photosynthetic(adj.)photosynthesis(n.)光合作用lichen地衣，苔薛squash南瓜oneofagroupoflargevegetableswiths

46、olidfleshandhardskins,suchasUMPKiNsbean豆類植物nectar花蜜flower花floral花的petal花瓣bloom開花blossom花pollen花粉moss苔葬herbicide除草劑herb草本植物herbivorous食草的classification分類hierarchy級另Uhazardous有毒害的Meteorology氣象meteorology氣象meteorologist氣象學(xué)家forecast(predict)預(yù)報(bào)climate氣候atmosphere大氣層troposphere對流層Convection對流Stratosphere同

47、溫層Barometer氣壓計(jì)current(氣)流vapor蒸汽evaporate蒸發(fā)damp(wet;moist;humid)潮濕的humidity濕度moisture潮濕；水分saturate飽和absorb吸收dew露frost霜fog(mist)霧smog煙霧droplet小水珠condense濃縮crystal水晶體downpour(torrentialrain)大雨tempest(storm)暴風(fēng)雨drizzle細(xì)雨shower陣雨hail冰雹blizzard(snowstorm)暴風(fēng)雪avalanche(snowslide)雪崩precipitation(雨、露、雪等)降水Thu

48、nder雷Lightening閃電breeze微風(fēng)Blast大風(fēng)gale大風(fēng)whirlwind旋風(fēng)Cyclone旋風(fēng)，颶風(fēng)typhoon臺風(fēng)hurricane颶風(fēng)Monsoon季風(fēng)Sandstorm沙塵暴Duststorm沙塵暴tornado(twister,cyclone)龍卷風(fēng)Tropicaldepression熱帶低氣壓Winddirection風(fēng)向Windvelocity風(fēng)速Windscale風(fēng)力funnel漏斗，漏斗云cumulonimbus積雨云disaster(calamity,catastrophe)災(zāi)難devastation破壞submerge淹沒overwhelmv.淹沒d

49、rought干旱A(chǔ)valanche雪崩Balmy溫和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的，嚴(yán)格的Heat-wave熱浪Tepidadj.微溫的環(huán)保environmentalprotection環(huán)境保護(hù)environmentally-friendly環(huán)保的preservev保護(hù),保存污染：pollute,pollution,pollutantcontaminantn.污染物contaminatev污染ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)ecologyn.生態(tài)學(xué)antisepticadj.防腐的atmosphericpollution大氣污染垃圾：rubbish,garbage,trash,waste,l

50、itter處理:disposeof,burn,bury(landfill),recycle,reduce,reuse,dump回收:glass,paper,water,milkcarton牛奶盒,tyre,aluminiumcans鋁罐,plasticbags,rubbishbagsbiodegradablepackaging降角單包裝,throwaway可丟棄的disposable可丟棄的discouragev.不鼓勵燃料none-renewable不可再生的fossilfuels礦石燃料：naturalgas,coal,petroleumlimited/finitenaturalresou

51、rces有限的自然資源alternativeenergy替代能源,replace=substitute服代windpower,hydropower水電，solar(lunar)power太陽能,nuclearpower核能radioactivityn.輻射性useup,deplete,exhaustv用光，耗盡conservev.節(jié)省，節(jié)約，污染:waterpollution,airpollution,soilpollution土壤污染，noisepollutionsoilerosion土壤侵蝕soilpollution土壤污染stainn.污染,污點(diǎn)，玷污stinkv.發(fā)出臭味tarn.焦油toxicchemical有毒的化學(xué)物品fumen.煙，氣味lightpollution日光污染refuse廢物sewage污水pesticiden殺蟲齊1Jchemicalwaste化學(xué)廢料congestv使充滿危害動物：poachin