現(xiàn)在時考點、難點全剖析

1、-. z.考點、難點全剖析 現(xiàn)在完成時 一、現(xiàn)在完成時的含義表示到目前為止已經(jīng)完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。二、現(xiàn)在完成時的構造主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞*肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞done否認句：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞done一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞doneYes,主語+have/has.No,主語+havent/hasnt劃重點，這個經(jīng)常在單項選擇中出現(xiàn)*過去分詞：1、規(guī)則動詞：規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞的構成規(guī)則與規(guī)則動詞的過去式的構成規(guī)則一樣。四點變化規(guī)則：一般動詞，在詞尾直接加“ed:work-worked-worked,visit-

2、visited-visited以“e結尾的動詞，只在詞尾加“d:live-lived-lived,以“輔音字母+y結尾的動詞，將y變?yōu)閕，再加“ed:study-studied-studied,cry-cried-cried重讀閉音節(jié)結尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ed:stop-stopped-stopped, drop-dropped-dropped2.不規(guī)則動詞AAA型burst burst burst hurt hurt hurt let let letcut cut cut cost cost cost hit hit hitput put put set set

3、 set shut shut shut spread spread spread read read read(read原形和過去分詞發(fā)音為/ri:d/,過去式發(fā)音為/red/) AAB型beat beat beaten ABAbee became bee run ran run e came e ABB型bring brought brought buy bought bought build built builtburn burnt burnt catch caught caught dig dug dugfeel felt felt fight fought fought find f

4、ound foundhear heard heard hold held held keep kept kept lay laid laid lead led led lose lost lostmake made made meet met met sell sold soldshoot shot shot sit sat sat stand stood stoodsweep swept swept teach taught taught tell told told think thought thought win won wonABC型begin began begun blow bl

5、ew blown break broke brokenchoose chose chosen draw drew drawn drive drove drivendrink drank drunk fly flew flown write wrote writtenforget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen give gave given grow grew grown know knew known ride rode ridden rise rose risen ring rang rung shake shook shaken sing san

6、g sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum throw threw thrown建議在平時的學習過程中自己動手整理，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個就把它記到自己的整理本或者筆記本上！注意哦，一定要記在一起啊，記得在筆記本上預留他們的專屬位置喲三、常見用法重點1.表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結果，有以下四大標志詞:already,just和yetHehasalreadygotherhelp.他已得到她的幫助。Hehasjustseenthefilm.他剛剛看過這場電影?？措娪斑@個是已經(jīng)完成的Hehasntebackyet.他還沒有回來。沒有回來，對現(xiàn)在造成了影響ever

7、和neverThis is the best film I have ever seen. 這是我曾經(jīng)看過的最好的一部電影。He has never been to Beijing. 他從沒有到過。以動作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標志He says he has been to the USA three times. so far，before, recently, latelyHe has bought a new car recently. I havent heard from him Jane lately. 2. 表示動作或狀態(tài)在過去*一時刻就已經(jīng)開場，且持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常與 for+時間段,sin

8、ce+時間點，或 how long連用: for + 時段Mary has been ill for three days. since + 過去一個時間點自從以來He has been a teacher since 1998.since + 時段 + agoHe has studied English since 4 years ago. since + 從句過去時I have lived here since I was born. It is + 時段 + since + 從句過去時It is three days since he arrived here. 四、易錯考點+難點重點注

9、意：現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作從過去*個時候開場一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，與一段時間連用時應注意肯定句中的謂語動詞應是延續(xù)性動詞，非延續(xù)性動詞不可和一段時間連用。1、表示短暫意義的動詞即非延續(xù)性動詞如open, go, e, arrive, leave, lose, fallleave, return, join, die, buy, borrow等的完成時，在肯定句中不能與for 或 since等引導的時間段連用，因為它們表示的動作是短暫的，而時間段并不是短暫，所以不匹配。例：他到這里三天了.He has arrived here for three days.He has been here for thr

10、ee days.It is three days since he arrived here.It has been three days since he arrived here.敲黑板，劃重點！這一塊是經(jīng)常會考到的內(nèi)容，一定要注意，一定要注意，一定要注意！重要的事情說三遍！buyhavee beherediebedeadgobethereleavebeawayarrive/reachbeopen/closebeopen/beclosedwakeupbeawakeborrowkeep則問題來了，如果非要把非延續(xù)性動詞與一段時間連用要怎么辦？嗯，這個嘛，其實有三種方法：非延續(xù)性動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)

11、性動詞將時間狀語改為過去時間，并用一般過去時代替現(xiàn)在完成時。如：SheleftChangchun2yearsago.她兩年前離開*。用“Itis+一段時間+since從句表示。從句中的謂語動詞用非延續(xù)性動詞的過去式如：It has been three days since he arrived here.他到這兒已經(jīng)三天了。2、現(xiàn)在完成時不能和明確指出時間的狀語連用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in ，但可以和不明確指出時間的狀語，如already, yet, sometimes, a

12、lways, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等連用。例如：She has already e.她已經(jīng)來了。I havent read it yet.我還沒讀過這個。I have met him before.我從前曾見過他。I have often seen him in the street.我經(jīng)常在街上看見他。They have never been to Yanan.他們從未去過*。I havent seen him lately.我近來沒看到他。3、have (has) been 和have (has)

13、 gone的區(qū)別：表示“曾到過*地要用 “have (has) been; 表示“已經(jīng)去*地要用 “have (has) gone。試比擬：Where has he been他剛剛到哪里去了？已經(jīng)回來了Where has he gone他上哪兒去了？人不在They have been to Canada. 他們到過加拿大?，F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在加拿大They have gone to Canada. 他們到加拿大去了。專項練習題 現(xiàn)在完成時 一、用since和for填空。1. _two years 2._two years ago3. _last month 4. _19995. _ yesterday

14、 6. _4 oclock7._ 4 hours 8. _an hour agoforsincesincesincesincesinceforsince二、選用have, has填空。1. I _ told him the news. have2. She _ e back from school. has3. You _ won the game. have三、用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空。1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. never2. Jack

15、 has _ finished his homework. already3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years. for4. “Have you _ seen the film ever“No, I have _ seen it. never5. “Has the bus left _ yet“Yes, it has _ left. already四、單項選擇。1. Dad, where is mom？She_the supermarket.A. has gone to B. has been to C. is going to D

16、. went to2. By the time I graduate ne*t year, I will_ here for 5 years.A. live B. is living C. lived D. have lived3. Both his parents look sad.Maybe they_whats happened to him .A.knew B.have known C. must know D.will know4. His father _ the Party since 1978 .A.joined B.has joined C. was in D.has bee

17、n in5. -Do you know him well - Sure.We _ friends since ten years ago .A.were B.have beenC.have bee D. have made6.-How long have you _ here -About two months .A.been B.gone C.e D.arrived7.Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes .A.has begun B.had begunC.has been on D.began8. The Smiths _ in China for 8

18、years.A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live9. Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black Sorry. He _ the Bainiao Park.A. has been to B. has gone toC. went to D. will go to10. _ you ever _ to the US Yes, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, been C. Do, go D. were, going五.用適當?shù)臅r態(tài)填空。1.Shes _ (live) here ever since she was ten. lived2.Both of them _ (be) in Hongkong for ten days. have been3.Both of them _ (e) to Hongkong ten days ago. came4. Half an hour _ (pass) since the train_ (leave).has passed；left5. Mary_(lose) her pen._you_(see) it here and therelost；h