現(xiàn)在時(shí)考點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)全剖析

1、-. z.考點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)全剖析 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義表示到目前為止已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)造主語(yǔ)+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞*肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞done否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞done一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞doneYes,主語(yǔ)+have/has.No,主語(yǔ)+havent/hasnt劃重點(diǎn)，這個(gè)經(jīng)常在單項(xiàng)選擇中出現(xiàn)*過(guò)去分詞：1、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則與規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則一樣。四點(diǎn)變化規(guī)則：一般動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加“ed:work-worked-worked,visit-

2、visited-visited以“e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加“d:live-lived-lived,以“輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將y變?yōu)閕，再加“ed:study-studied-studied,cry-cried-cried重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加“ed:stop-stopped-stopped, drop-dropped-dropped2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞AAA型burst burst burst hurt hurt hurt let let letcut cut cut cost cost cost hit hit hitput put put set set

3、 set shut shut shut spread spread spread read read read(read原形和過(guò)去分詞發(fā)音為/ri:d/,過(guò)去式發(fā)音為/red/) AAB型beat beat beaten ABAbee became bee run ran run e came e ABB型bring brought brought buy bought bought build built builtburn burnt burnt catch caught caught dig dug dugfeel felt felt fight fought fought find f

4、ound foundhear heard heard hold held held keep kept kept lay laid laid lead led led lose lost lostmake made made meet met met sell sold soldshoot shot shot sit sat sat stand stood stoodsweep swept swept teach taught taught tell told told think thought thought win won wonABC型begin began begun blow bl

5、ew blown break broke brokenchoose chose chosen draw drew drawn drive drove drivendrink drank drunk fly flew flown write wrote writtenforget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen give gave given grow grew grown know knew known ride rode ridden rise rose risen ring rang rung shake shook shaken sing san

6、g sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum throw threw thrown建議在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中自己動(dòng)手整理，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)就把它記到自己的整理本或者筆記本上！注意哦，一定要記在一起啊，記得在筆記本上預(yù)留他們的專(zhuān)屬位置喲三、常見(jiàn)用法重點(diǎn)1.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，有以下四大標(biāo)志詞:already,just和yetHehasalreadygotherhelp.他已得到她的幫助。Hehasjustseenthefilm.他剛剛看過(guò)這場(chǎng)電影?？措娪斑@個(gè)是已經(jīng)完成的Hehasntebackyet.他還沒(méi)有回來(lái)。沒(méi)有回來(lái)，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響ever

7、和neverThis is the best film I have ever seen. 這是我曾經(jīng)看過(guò)的最好的一部電影。He has never been to Beijing. 他從沒(méi)有到過(guò)。以動(dòng)作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志He says he has been to the USA three times. so far，before, recently, latelyHe has bought a new car recently. I havent heard from him Jane lately. 2. 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去*一時(shí)刻就已經(jīng)開(kāi)場(chǎng)，且持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常與 for+時(shí)間段,sin

8、ce+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或 how long連用: for + 時(shí)段Mary has been ill for three days. since + 過(guò)去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)自從以來(lái)He has been a teacher since 1998.since + 時(shí)段 + agoHe has studied English since 4 years ago. since + 從句過(guò)去時(shí)I have lived here since I was born. It is + 時(shí)段 + since + 從句過(guò)去時(shí)It is three days since he arrived here. 四、易錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)+難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)注

9、意：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去*個(gè)時(shí)候開(kāi)場(chǎng)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，與一段時(shí)間連用時(shí)應(yīng)注意肯定句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不可和一段時(shí)間連用。1、表示短暫意義的動(dòng)詞即非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞如open, go, e, arrive, leave, lose, fallleave, return, join, die, buy, borrow等的完成時(shí)，在肯定句中不能與for 或 since等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間段連用，因?yàn)樗鼈儽硎镜膭?dòng)作是短暫的，而時(shí)間段并不是短暫，所以不匹配。例：他到這里三天了.He has arrived here for three days.He has been here for thr

10、ee days.It is three days since he arrived here.It has been three days since he arrived here.敲黑板，劃重點(diǎn)！這一塊是經(jīng)常會(huì)考到的內(nèi)容，一定要注意，一定要注意，一定要注意！重要的事情說(shuō)三遍！buyhavee beherediebedeadgobethereleavebeawayarrive/reachbeopen/closebeopen/beclosedwakeupbeawakeborrowkeep則問(wèn)題來(lái)了，如果非要把非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與一段時(shí)間連用要怎么辦？嗯，這個(gè)嘛，其實(shí)有三種方法：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)

11、性動(dòng)詞將時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)改為過(guò)去時(shí)間，并用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：SheleftChangchun2yearsago.她兩年前離開(kāi)*。用“Itis+一段時(shí)間+since從句表示。從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式如：It has been three days since he arrived here.他到這兒已經(jīng)三天了。2、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和明確指出時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in ，但可以和不明確指出時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，如already, yet, sometimes, a

12、lways, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等連用。例如：She has already e.她已經(jīng)來(lái)了。I havent read it yet.我還沒(méi)讀過(guò)這個(gè)。I have met him before.我從前曾見(jiàn)過(guò)他。I have often seen him in the street.我經(jīng)常在街上看見(jiàn)他。They have never been to Yanan.他們從未去過(guò)*。I havent seen him lately.我近來(lái)沒(méi)看到他。3、have (has) been 和have (has)

13、 gone的區(qū)別：表示“曾到過(guò)*地要用 “have (has) been; 表示“已經(jīng)去*地要用 “have (has) gone。試比擬：Where has he been他剛剛到哪里去了？已經(jīng)回來(lái)了Where has he gone他上哪兒去了？人不在They have been to Canada. 他們到過(guò)加拿大?，F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在加拿大They have gone to Canada. 他們到加拿大去了。專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 一、用since和for填空。1. _two years 2._two years ago3. _last month 4. _19995. _ yesterday

14、 6. _4 oclock7._ 4 hours 8. _an hour agoforsincesincesincesincesinceforsince二、選用have, has填空。1. I _ told him the news. have2. She _ e back from school. has3. You _ won the game. have三、用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空。1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. never2. Jack

15、 has _ finished his homework. already3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years. for4. “Have you _ seen the film ever“No, I have _ seen it. never5. “Has the bus left _ yet“Yes, it has _ left. already四、單項(xiàng)選擇。1. Dad, where is mom？She_the supermarket.A. has gone to B. has been to C. is going to D

16、. went to2. By the time I graduate ne*t year, I will_ here for 5 years.A. live B. is living C. lived D. have lived3. Both his parents look sad.Maybe they_whats happened to him .A.knew B.have known C. must know D.will know4. His father _ the Party since 1978 .A.joined B.has joined C. was in D.has bee

17、n in5. -Do you know him well - Sure.We _ friends since ten years ago .A.were B.have beenC.have bee D. have made6.-How long have you _ here -About two months .A.been B.gone C.e D.arrived7.Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes .A.has begun B.had begunC.has been on D.began8. The Smiths _ in China for 8

18、years.A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live9. Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black Sorry. He _ the Bainiao Park.A. has been to B. has gone toC. went to D. will go to10. _ you ever _ to the US Yes, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, been C. Do, go D. were, going五.用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空。1.Shes _ (live) here ever since she was ten. lived2.Both of them _ (be) in Hongkong for ten days. have been3.Both of them _ (e) to Hongkong ten days ago. came4. Half an hour _ (pass) since the train_ (leave).has passed；left5. Mary_(lose) her pen._you_(see) it here and therelost；h