存在主義視角下《嘉莉妹妹》中嘉莉的悲劇命運解讀 文學(xué)專業(yè) 開題報告

1、論文題目 (Title)An Interpretation of Carries Tragic Fate in Sister Carrie under the Perspective of Existentialism存在主義視角下嘉莉妹妹中嘉莉的悲劇命運解讀中心論點(Thesis Statement):Thesis Statement:In the novel, Carrie does not hesitate to betray her body and her dignity in order to satisfy her strong desire of material wealth

2、, and she never think about other peoples feelings and her social responsibility. Ultimately, she was reduced to a loser of material success and spiritual frustration or confusion and purposeless. The paper analyzes Carrie who is the core figure of Sister Carrie from the perspective of existentialis

3、m and aims to use the important concepts of existentialism such as absurdity, freedom of choice and the relationship with other people to interpret Carries life experiences and further explore the cause of Carries life tragedy.中心論點： 小說中嘉莉為了滿足自己對物質(zhì)財富的強烈欲望，不惜出賣自己的身體和尊嚴，也從不顧及他人的感受和自己的社會責(zé)任，最終淪落為一個物質(zhì)上成功而

4、精神是迷?；蚵o目標(biāo)的失敗者。本文從存在主義角度對小說嘉莉妹妹所塑造的核心人物嘉莉進行分析，探討存在主義哲學(xué)的重要概念如荒誕，自由選擇、人與人的關(guān)系等在她的人生經(jīng)歷中的具體體現(xiàn)并進一步探究嘉莉人生悲劇的成因。本研究目的和意義: Purpose: On the surface, Carrie is a winner, but in fact, she is a failure. This paper analyzes Carries tragic destiny from the perspective of Sartres existentialism and aims to use the

5、important concepts of existentialism to interpret Carries life experiences and further explore the cause of Carries life tragedy.研究目的：嘉莉的成功只是表面的，實際上她是一個失敗的成功者。本文從薩特存在主義角度分析嘉莉的悲劇命運，探究存在主義哲學(xué)的重要概念在她的悲慘的人生經(jīng)歷中的體現(xiàn)以及她的命運悲劇的原因。Meaning: A hundred years ago, Dreiser for us described the peoples true destiny i

6、n American society focusing on money. In todays Chinese society, there are many people who has a strong desire and endless pursuit for money、 status and power , but they never think about social morality and social responsibility, from whom we can often see Carrie;s image. This study intends to inte

7、rpret Carries tragic life and the causes of her tragedy, the present author hopes that Carries tragic life has an enlightenment and reference to those people who are tempted by money, status and power.研究意義：一百多年前的德萊賽，為我們描述了以金錢和物質(zhì)為中心的美國社會里人們的真實命運。在當(dāng)今的中國社會，有很多人對金錢，物質(zhì)，地位及權(quán)勢有著強烈欲望和無止境的追求，然而他們從不顧及社會道德和責(zé)任，

8、從這些人身上我們常?？梢钥吹郊卫虻挠白?。本研究擬從嘉莉的悲劇人生和悲劇成因進行解讀，希望嘉莉的悲劇人生對他們有一個啟迪和借鑒意義。本研究的理論意義（國內(nèi)外文獻綜述）:1. Research Background: The novel of Sister Carrie is considered a landmark work in modern times, from the moment when the work came out it has caused a great uproar in the literary world of the United States, thats m

9、ainly because the author naked exposure to the reader about the dark side of American society, and the novel reflects the American social reality in the booming period of capitalist at the turn of the 20th century. In recent years, scholars and researchers have done more thorough interpretations on

10、the novel which mainly explore from the perspective of female consciousness, tragedy theme and artistic features and so on. But, there are few studies of Carries tragic fate from the perspective of existentialism.1.研究背景：嘉莉妹妹在現(xiàn)代被認為是一部具有標(biāo)志性意義的作品，該作品自問世之日就在美國文壇引起了軒然大波，主要是由于該作者將美國社會的黑暗面赤裸裸地暴露在讀者面前，以及小說反

11、映了19世紀末20世紀初資本主義繁榮時期的美國社會現(xiàn)實。在最近這些年，學(xué)術(shù)界和研究者對小說嘉莉妹妹有了更加透徹的解讀，他們主要從女性意識，悲劇主題，藝術(shù)特色等角度進行探究，但是從的存在主義角度探究女主人公悲劇命運的研究甚少。2.研究現(xiàn)狀國外研究：In the early publication of Sister Carrie, the comments of American public criticism were divided into two parts. International Herald Tribune treated Dreiser as the American Zo

12、ra and thought Sister Carrie was a great American novel. Charles Daldwin argued that Dreiser was the greatest and most unique novelist in the United States and Dreiser has surpassed English novelists both in spirit and in writing. Burton Rascone defended for amorality in Sister Carrie and took Dreis

13、er as an animator of free thought in the 1920s. F.O.Matheson regarded Sister Carrie as recordation of historical facts in Dreisers life time.On the other side, the opponents were represented by Life and Commercial News that held negative attitudes for Sister Carrie in general. StuartsherKazin, was t

14、he most powerful and most influential one for Dreisers attack ,in his essay of Theodore Dreisers Naturalism, he accused that Dreiser did not give a realists description to the American society and mankind and neglected intentionally the lofty duty of novelists. 國內(nèi)研究：In recent years, scholars in Chin

15、a have done more detailed researches on Sister Carrier from the theme of tragedy. And they consider Carrie is a tragedy. Zhang Yank thinks “Carries life is tragic in terms of her insatiable desire, loss of identity and insignificance of her life”. Carrie is the victim of capitalistic society (Zhang,

16、 2012: 27-35). Jing Xia holds the similar view to Zhang Yank that Sister Carrie relates a story of tragedy of Carrie. She supposes it is the desires and the social surrounding that Carries tragedy (Jing, 2001:39), and so on.Through the survey of the above researchers, we can find that the research p

17、erspectives of domestic and foreign schools on Sister Carrie focus on Carriers tragic fate is single, lack of macro-system and in-depth study, so we cannot truly analyze itFrom the forties of the 20th century to the present day, existentialism has also exerted a great influence on literature. Carrie

18、 is an influential figure in the novel, and when we put it in existentialism, such a new, open and diverse theoretical background to be examined, not only contribute to deep analysis, but also helps understand the text more in-depth and comprehensively.本研究的問題、理論、方法和視角：Question: Analysis Carries trag

19、ic destiny from the perspective of existentialism and uses the important concepts of existentialism to interpret Carries life experiences and further explore the cause of Carries life tragedy.問題： 從薩特存在主義角度分析嘉莉的悲劇命運，探究存在主義哲學(xué)的重要概念在其悲慘的人生經(jīng)歷中的體現(xiàn)和悲劇成因。Theory：Existentialism Theory理論：存在主義理論 方法：Methodology:

20、1) Looking for relevant document literatures and reviews on the Internet2) Reading the book of Theodore Dreisers Sister Carrier 3) Integrating the relevant information, and in the patience guidance of the advisors to complete the paper.上網(wǎng)查找相關(guān)的文獻資料和評論仔細閱讀西奧多德萊塞的嘉莉妹妹原著整合相關(guān)資料，在指導(dǎo)老師的耐心指導(dǎo)下完成論文寫作Perspecti

21、ve：Existentialism Theory視角：存在主義理論本研究的主要觀點和重難點:Main idea: The important concepts of existentialism: absurdity, free choice and the relationship between people, and so on. This paper analyzes Carries tragic destiny from the perspective of Sartres existentialism and uses the important concepts of exist

22、entialism to interpret Carries life experiences and further explore the cause of Carries life tragedy.主要觀點：存在主義理論的重要概念：荒誕，自由選擇，人與人之間的關(guān)系等。本研究運用存在主義理論的這三個重要概念，探究薩特的存在主義理論在小說嘉莉妹妹中女主人公的悲劇命運的具體體現(xiàn)以及她的悲劇成因。重難點：Key and Difficult Points:1）Carrie has been a controversial figure all along，the key and difficult

23、 point of this research lies in the analysis of Carries figure.2) There is too much relevant information, so it is difficult to choose.嘉莉一直是個有爭議的人物形象，本研究重難點在于對嘉利人物形象的分析。相關(guān)資料太多，難以取舍。詳細提綱 (Detailed Outline): 1. Introduction1.1 A General Introduction of Writer1.2 A General Introduction of Novel1.3 The

24、Purpose of the study2. Literature Review of Sister Carrie2.1 Domestic Studies2.2 International Studies2.3 Critical Comments3.Existentialism Theory3.1 A Brief Introduction of Existentialism3.2 Existentialisms Contribution to the Study of Literary Works4.Anlysis of Carries Tragic Fate 4.1 Introduction

25、 of Carries Tragic Fate4.2 Analysis of Carries Tragic Fate from the perspective of Existentialism4.21Living Environment of the Absurd4.22 Freedom of Choice 4.23 The Relationship With Other People5. ConclusionReferences介紹1.1作者的介紹1.2小說內(nèi)容的介紹1.3研究目的2.文獻綜述2.1國外研究2.2國內(nèi)研究2.3批判性意見3.存在主義理論3.1存在主義理論介紹3.2存在主義用

26、于文學(xué)作品研究4.嘉莉的悲劇命運分析4.1介紹嘉莉的悲劇命運4.2存在主義視角下嘉莉的悲劇命運4.21 荒誕的生存環(huán)境4.22 自由選擇4.23 人與人的關(guān)系5.總結(jié)參考文獻寫作進程 (Schedule):2016/9/20-10/7 確定論文方向，導(dǎo)師溝通，開始搜集資料；2016/10/10-10/25 確定題目，搜集資料，完成開題報告；2016/11/1-11/15 完成第一章和第二章2016/11/18-11/28 完成第三章2016/11/30-12/15 完成第四章2016/12/18-12/30 完成第五第六章2017/1/1-1/10 交初稿，與導(dǎo)師修改初稿參考書目(Refere

27、nces): 1SUN S Z. Analysis of Sister CarrieJ. Chengde Vocational and Technical College for Nationalities, 2004.2LIU Y M., CHEN J. The analysis of Theodore Dreisers style from the love affairs in Sister CarrieJ. Harbin Engineering University, 2010.3LI Y. The alienation of interpersonal relationshipan analysis of Sister CarrieJ. Shandong University of Science and Technology, 2011.4XU W H. The way to success: an analy