2022屆上海高考英語二輪專項(xiàng)突破：概要寫作

1、概要寫作、Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Unshellfish loveAmid a slump in tourism, one national park in Thailand has seen a dramatic rise in visitors. So numerous ar

2、e the hermit crabs thronging the otherwise empty beaches of Koh Lanta that shells for them to live in have become a scarce commodity. The Thai government moved quickly to ease the housing shortage, launching a public appeal for empty shells that netted over 200 kg. On December 5th these were distrib

3、uted around the park in a ceremony marking the birthday of the late king, Bhumibol Adulyadej.Hermit crabs rely on discarded shells to protect their soft bodies, moving to larger shells as they grow. On Koh Lanta and the surrounding smaller islands, their rapid increase seems to be a natural phenomen

4、on, rather than directly related to the absence of tourists. But the shortage of shells may be man-made; pretty ones have long been gathered to be sold as souvenirs. Crabs had begun to make do with potential death-traps such as plastic caps and bottles.The shell drive was part of a government initia

5、tive to restore the balance of nature”. I have instructed all national parks to do whatever it takes/ says Varawut Silpa-archa, the minister for natural resources. His inspiration comes from the hiatus （間歇、 空隙）in tourism brought on by covid-19. A ban on international visitors and the closure of nati

6、onal parks have helped nature rebound, bringing black-tipped reef sharks back into Thai waters and endangered leatherback turtles back onto Thai beaches. In the coastal provinces of Phang Nga and Phuket, turtles have laid the largest number of eggs for 20 years.The government has decided to try to m

7、imic the respite （暫緩、休息、）forced on it by the coronavirus in future. From now on, all national parks will be required to close for part of the off-season and to limit the number of tourists through a reservation system when they are open. Although such restrictions mean reduced earnings from tourism

8、in the short term, in the longer run more pristine （原始的、未開發(fā)的）parks may help to keep the tourists coming.free of mice. It turns out theres some truth behind the cartoon cat-and-mouse chase. When mice smell certain proteins in cat saliva （唾液），they become tearful and therefore avoid the area.Its import

9、ant fbr children to learn to care for and look after a living thing Just as their parents take care of them. Cats can help children develop social skills as they learn to approach the feline carefully and gently. Looking after a cat also encourages a sense of responsibility.In addition to filling yo

10、ur heart with love, cats can contribute to keeping your heart healthy. Numerous studies have shown that owning a cat can help reduce your blood pressure and heart rate, as well as lowering your triglyceride （甘油三酸酯）and cholesterol levels, thereby reducing your risk of having a heart attack or stroke.

11、參考答案：With the problem of student loan worsened by pandemic-induced recession, people hold diverse attitudes towards student-debt forgiveness. Some argue it serves to stimulate economy and bridge the wealth gap while others maintain it cant help those most in need and show the concern about setting t

12、he precedent. Despite the efforts made by the government, a sustainable solution hasnt been reached. 解析： 1 .要點(diǎn)摘錄Is Student-loan Forgiveness Unforgivable?Student-debt cancellation feels like one of the most accessible executive actions to stimulate the economy at the moment.But others argue that swee

13、ping student-loan forgiveness doesnt help the people who need aid most. Whats clear, according to the both sides of the aisle （過道），is that economic crises worsen the problem of student debt.,縝密構(gòu)思將第1、2兩個要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行歸納，將第3、4兩個要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合。.遣詞造句When the problem of student loan is worsened by pandemic-induced recessi

14、on, people hold diverse attitudes towards student-debt forgiveness.Some firmly hold the belief that it serves to stimulate economy and bridge the wealth gap while others think that it cant help those most in need and show the concern about setting the precedent. In spite of the efforts made by the g

15、overnment, a sustainable solution hasnt been reached.參考答案：A decline in tourism and human activity has led to a shortage of the shells which the hermit crabs depend on. To address the problem, the Thai government helps homeless hermit crabs find homes. The Thai government has decided to replicate thi

16、s policy in the future to restore the ecology.解析：.要點(diǎn)摘錄Amid a slump in tourism, one national park in Thailand has seen a dramatic rise in visitors.The Thai government moved quickly to ease the housing shortage, launching a public appeal for empty shells that netted over 200 kg.But the shortage of she

17、lls may be man-made; pretty ones have long been gathered to be sold as souvenirs.His inspiration comes from the hiatus in tourism brought on by covid-19.The government has decided to try to mimic the respite （暫緩、休息、）forced on it by the coronavirus in future. From now on, all national parks will be r

18、equired to close for part of the off-season and to limit the number of tourists through a reservation system when they are open.縝密構(gòu)思將第1、2、3三個要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重組，將第4、5兩個要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合。.遣詞造句A decline in tourism and human activity has led to a shortage of the shells which the hermit crabs depend on.To address the problem,

19、the Thai government helps homeless hermit crabs find homes. The Thai government has decided to replicate this policy in the future to restore the ecology.二、Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your

20、own words as far as possible.Ann Grand: a visual thinkerAnn Grand is a visual thinker. When somebody speaks to her, the words are instantly translated into pictures, like a video in her head. Unlike most people, her thoughts move from ideo-like images to generalizations and concepts. Furthermore, he

21、r memories usually appear in her imagination in order of time, and the image visualized are always specific. For example, if she thinks about a chimney, she sees detailed pictures, like the one in her old house, and then those in her hometown. That one word can turn into a full-length video in her h

22、ead. Grands mind works like the Internet search engine which produces dozens of images of an object a user is searching for.Visual thinking has enabled Grand to build entire systems in her imagination, which works similarly to a computer program because it can produce three-dimensional design simula

23、tions. This was important to her as an equipment designer for the livestock industry. Before she started construction on her designs, she would test-run the equipment in her mind. She formed mental pictures of her designs in every possible situation, with different sizes and breeds of cattle and in

24、different weather conditions. This process made it possible for her to con*ect mistakes before construction started.Grand*s mind is also sensitive to details, which was important in her work with cattle. Her sharp awareness of the visual world led to noteworthy observations about animals. She notice

25、d many little things that most people would not consider that scared the cattle. For example, a coat on a fence or a pipe on the floor would frighten them away. Grands visualization abilities have also helped her understand the animals she has worked with. This led her to create designs ranging from

26、 sweeping, curved fences intended to reduce the stress experienced by animals that were going to be killed to systems for handling sick cattle and pigs.82. Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your o

27、wn words as far as possible.How Setting a Schedule Can Make You Less ProductiveIt can seem like there9s never enough time - not enough for sleep and not enough for play, and not enough for exercise.Theres a relatively new term to describe this feeling: time famine, or the sensation of having too muc

28、h to do without enough time to do it.To structure what little time we feel we have, one strategy is scheduling. The idea is that scheduling will make us more efficient. But scheduling can sometimes backfire and actually make us less productive. In one study, attendees of an academic conference were

29、asked whether they would go to the presidential address taking place about an hour later. Some said they would, and others said they wouldnt. Those who planned to attend the address reported the hour leading up to it felt shorter. So the presence of an upcoming activity seems to have shrunk how much

30、 time people felt they had.Why might this happen? Its believed that when theres an appointment coming, we direct our attention to it, whether its mentally preparing fbr it or simply dreading it. This makes the future appointment feel more substantial （重大的）;as a result, the time interval leading up t

31、o the scheduled activity feels limited and insufficient. Time famine may partly lies in our own perception of what we feel can be done with the time we have.But you still have the same amount of time leading up to a scheduled event, so time famine shouldnt really matter, right? But it does. This fee

32、ling by itself can influence what people decide to do. When something is scarce, people consider it more valuable and are less willing to part with it The same is true for time. If time feels limited, people are less likely to use it - even when its in their best interest.If you love scheduling and

33、planning out your days, a trick could be to schedule events or tasks back-to-back （連續(xù)土也），which leaves you with larger amounts of unscheduled time. Several uninterrupted hours of unscheduled time will feel longer, especially if theres nothing scheduled coming.參考答案：Ann Grand is a visual thinker, whose

34、 mind works like the Internet search engine. Therefore she can build entire systems in her imagination through producing three-dimensional design simulations. Grands mind is so sensitive to details that she could notice many little things that most people would not consider that scared the cattle. T

35、his led her to create kinds of designs. 解析：1要點(diǎn)摘錄Ann Grand is a visual thinker. Grand*s mind works like the Internet search engine which produces dozens of images of an object a user is searching for.(DVisual thinking has enabled Grand to build entire systems in her imagination, which works similarly

36、 to a computer program because it can produce three-dimensional design simulations. Grands mind is also sensitive to details, which was important in her work with cattle. This led her to create kinds of designs.2縝密構(gòu)思將第1、2兩個要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重組，將第3段要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合。3.遣詞造句Ann Grand is a visual thinker, whose mind works like

37、the Internet search engine. Therefore she can build entire systems in her imagination through producing three-dimensional design simulations.Grancfs mind is so sensitive to details that she could notice many little things that most people would not consider that scared the cattle.三、Directions: Read

38、the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Super Size MeFast food, otherwise known as junk food, is a huge passion for a large number of people across the Western world. But what would happen if

39、you ate lots of junk food, every day? Would it seriously damage your health? These were the questions which led Morgan Spurlock, an independent film-maker, to do an experiment, which he made into a documentary film entitled Super Size Me.The main basis of his experiment was that Spurlock promised to

40、 cat three McDonalds meals a day, every day, for a month. He could only eat food from McDonalds and every time an employee asked if he would like to “super size“ the meal, he had to agree. Super sizing“ refers in to fact that with this type of meal you get a considerable larger portion of everything

41、.Spurlock knew that by eating three McDonalds meals a day, he would consume a lot of fat and great deal of salt and sugar in each meal - much more than he needed. Although Spurlock knew he would put on a bit of weight, and that this diet was unhealthy, he wasnt quite prepared for just how unhealthy

42、it turned out to be. The changes in this body were horrifying in the first week, he put on 4.5 kilos and by the end of the thirty days he had gained nearly 14 kilos, bringing his total weight to a massive 98kg.Spurlock says “Id love people to walk out of the movie and say, Next time Im not going to

43、“super size”. Maybe Im not going have any junk food at all. Tm going to sit down and eat dinner with my kids, with the TV off, so that we can eat healthy food, talk about what were eating and have a relationship with each other. Food fbr though indeed.參考答案：We may have experienced the feeling that we

44、 dont have enough time fbr what we would like to do. It is generally thought that scheduling is a good strategy, but sometimes we find scheduling makes us less productive. What is it that leads to the fact? Time famine may be the result of our own perception of what we feel can be done with the time

45、 we have to deal with time famine. It is highly recommended that you can schedule events or tasks back to back, thus leaving you with large amounts of unscheduled time. 解析： 1要點(diǎn)摘錄It can seem like theres never enough time - not enough for sleep and not enough for play, and not enough for exercise.Ther

46、es a relatively new term to describe this feeling: time famine, or the sensation of having too much to do without enough time to do it.The idea is that scheduling will make us more efficient. But scheduling can sometimes backfire and actually make us less productive.Why might this happen? Its believ

47、ed that when theres an appointment coming, we direct our attention to it, whether its mentally preparing fbr it or simply dreading it. If you love scheduling and planning out your days, a trick could be to schedule events or tasks back-to-back （連續(xù)土也）,which leaves you with larger amounts of unschedul

48、ed time.縝密構(gòu)思將第1、3兩個要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重組，將第2、3兩個要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合，第4、5要點(diǎn)整合得出結(jié)論。遣詞造句We may have experienced the feeling that we dont have enough time for what we would like todo.It is generally thought that scheduling is a good strategy, but sometimes we find scheduling makes us less productive.What is it that leads to the fa

49、ct? time famine may be the result of our own perception of what we feel can be done with the time we have to deal with time famine.It is highly recommended that you can schedule events or tasks back to back,thus leaving you with large amounts of unscheduled time.四、Directions: Read the following pass

50、age. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Is Student-loan Forgiveness Unforgivable?Roughly 45 million Americans currently hold $1.6 trillion in student debt, with the average student-loan receiver owing between $

51、20,000 and $25,000, according to the Federal Reserve. Among those actively making payments on their debt, the average monthly installment is between $200 and $300. And with 5.3 million more people unemployed than in February, right before the U.S. fell into the economic depression caused by pandemic

52、 （流彳亍?。?，some people say that student-debt forgiveness could be beneficial to the economy.Student-debt cancellation feels like one of the most accessible executive actions to stimulate the economy at the moment J says Suzanne Kahn, director of the Education. Kahn says the move would also help close t

53、he wealth gap between white Americans and people of color. Some 90% of Black students and 72% of Latino students take out loans for college versus just 66% of white students, according to an analysis from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.But others argue that sweeping student-loan forgivenes

54、s doesnt help the people who need aid most. Americans with college degrees, as a whole, have been less influenced by the economic effects of COVID-19 than their non-college-educated counterparts. Besides, they raise concerns that if the government wipes out current student loans, future college stud

55、ents may have a motivator to take on debts, hoping they will also be forgiven. Colleges may in turn tend to raise their prices further.Whafs clear, according to the both sides of the aisle （過道），is that economic crises worsen the problem of student debt. The last time the U.S. dipped into a recession

56、, state governments cut their investments in colleges and universities-which, in turn, raised their tuition prices and forced students to take on ever larger loans.In recent weeks, the government has walked a fine line on the issue, offering support for a bill calling for $10,000 worth of student-lo

57、an forgiveness but turning down anything close to a plan to issue $50,000 per borrower through executive action.Thafs not sustainable in the long run. It remains to be seen if the government can arrive at a political solution that is.參考答案：Spurlock made an experiment to test the damage of eating lots

58、 of junk food and made a documentary film later. In the one-month experiment, Spurlock ate three super size McDonalds meals every day if required, thus causing terrible increase in his weight. Spurlock hopes the film can help people establish a healthy eating habit.解析：耍點(diǎn)摘錄Would it seriously damage y

59、our health? These were the questions which led Morgan Spurlock, an independent film-maker, to do an experiment, which he made into a documentary film entitled Super Size Me.The main basis of his experiment was that Spurlock promised to cat three McDonalds meals a day, every day, fbr a month. He could only eat food from McDonalds and every time an employee asked if he would like to “super size” the meal, he had to agree.The changes in this body were horrifying in the first week, he put on 4.5 kilos and by the end of the thirty days he had gained nearly 14 kilos, bringing his total weight to a