AS20472－1996建筑窗第2部分：制造、安裝和維護

1、AS 2047. PAGE 21 996Australian Standard澳大利亞標準Windows in buildingsPart 2: Construction, installationand maintenance建筑窗第2部分：制造、安裝和維護This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee BD/21, Windows. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 15 May 1996 and published on 5 Augus

2、t 1996.本澳大利亞標準由BD/21 建筑窗委員會編制，并由該委員會代表澳大利亞標準委員會于1996年5月15日批準，于1996年8月5日出版。The following interests are represented on Committee BD/2 1: 該委員會在編制本標準的過程中由以下單位參加：Aluminium Development Council鋁材發(fā)展委員會Architectural Aluminium Association of New Zealand 新西蘭建筑用鋁協(xié)會Architectural Aluminium Fabricators Association

3、 建筑用鋁制造商協(xié)會Australian Building Codes Board澳大利亞建筑規(guī)范司Construction Industry Engineering Services Group 澳大利亞建筑工業(yè)工程服務(wù)協(xié)會Flat Glass Council of Australia平板玻璃委員會Housing Industry Association澳大利亞住房工業(yè)聯(lián)合會Master Builders Australia澳大利亞建筑商會Metal Trade Industry Association of Australia澳大利亞金屬交易工業(yè)協(xié)會Plastics and Chemica

4、ls Industry Association塑料和化工協(xié)會Residential Window Association住房玻璃協(xié)會University of New South Wales新南威爾士大學(xué)Review of Australian Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as nec

5、essary. It is important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition, and any amendments thereto.標準的評審。為了保持標準與工業(yè)發(fā)展同步，澳大利亞/新西蘭聯(lián)合標準需要定期進行評審并發(fā)布修訂本，必要時出版新的版本以保持更新。因此，標準使用者使用的版本必須是最新版本，同時需要使用所有修正版本的內(nèi)容。Full details of all Australian Standards and related publicat

6、ions will be found in the Standards Australia Catalogue of Publications; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine The Australian Standard, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publications, new editions and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards.澳大利亞標準

7、局出版的標準目錄收集了所有標準的詳細信息和相應(yīng)出版物，此信息每月在雜志澳大利亞標準上進行補充說明，已訂閱會員會收到此雜志，另外該雜志還會介紹新出版物、新版本和修訂本以及廢止標準的詳細信息。Suggestions for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head office of StandardsAustralia, are welcomed. Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standardshould be m

8、ade without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.我們歡迎提出有關(guān)改進澳大利亞標準方面的建議，歡迎寫信到澳大利亞標準局的總公司。如發(fā)現(xiàn)澳大利亞標準存在任何不準確或含糊不清的內(nèi)容，請及時告訴我們以便我們做出調(diào)查并采取適當措施。Australian Standard澳大利亞標準Windows in buildingsPart 2: Construction, installationand maintenance建筑窗第2部分：制造、安裝和維護AS 2047.2 P

9、AGE 1 996ISBN 0 7337 0623 1PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA (STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA) 1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140澳大利亞標準局（澳大利亞標準協(xié)會）出版，地址：1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140PREFACE前言This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standard New Zealand Committee BD/21, Windo

10、ws, to supersede AS 15401974, Timber frames and sashes for windows (in part), AS 2048 1977, Code of practice for installation and maintenance of aluminium windows in buildings (in full) and AS 2147 1978, Code of practice for the installation of timber windows (in part). After allowing sufficient tim

11、e for adjustment, the superseded documents will be withdrawn on 30 July 1997. This Standard also includes the draft for UPVC windows and doors produced in November 1990 by Joint Committee PL/4 on Plastics Building Elements.本標準由澳大利亞/新西蘭標準聯(lián)合會BD21建筑窗委員會編制，代替AS1540-1974木窗框架和窗框（部分內(nèi)容）、AS2047-1997 建筑鋁窗安裝和維

12、修操作規(guī)范（全部內(nèi)容）、以及AS2146-1978 木窗安裝操作規(guī)范的部分內(nèi)容（部分內(nèi)容）。經(jīng)過足夠長時間的適應(yīng)之后，被代替的標準將于1997年7月31日廢止。本標準也包括PL/4聯(lián)合委員會于1990年編制的塑料建筑構(gòu)件未增塑聚氯乙烯門窗草案。This Standard is the result of a consensus among Australian and New Zealand representatives on the Joint Committee to produce it as an Australian Standard.本標準是澳大利亞和新西蘭聯(lián)合委員會代表達成共識

13、的結(jié)果，錄入澳大利亞標準。The objective of this revision is to provide window designers and manufacturers with a generic window code setting out the performance requirements and specifications in the design and manufacture of all windows, regardless of materials. This window code is divided into two Standards, a

14、s follows:本標準的目的在于為窗戶設(shè)計者和制造商提供通用窗戶規(guī)范，為所有窗戶（無論何種材料）的設(shè)計和制造設(shè)立性能要求和規(guī)格。本建筑窗規(guī)范分為兩個標準，具體如下：AS2047 Windows in buildings建筑窗2047.1 Part 1: Specification for materials and performance第1部分：材料的規(guī)格和性能2047.2 Part 2: Construction, installation and maintenance (this Standard)第2部分：制造、安裝和維護（即本標準）4420WindowsMethods of t

15、est窗戶-試驗方法4420.1 Method 1: Test sample, preparation for tests, and test sequence第1部分：試樣、試驗準備和試驗順序4420.2 Method 2: Deflection test第2部分：撓曲試驗4420.3 Method 3: Operating force test第3部分：操控力試驗4420.4 Method 4: Air infiltration test第4部分：滲氣試驗4420.5 Method 5: Water penetration resistance test第5部分：滲水抗性試驗4420.6

16、Method 6: Ultimate strength test第6部分：極限強度試驗The total separation of multi-storey curtain wall construction has been effected. This Standard does not apply to facade glazing where framing systems are stacked or spliced above one another. This revision incorporates changes to style, format and expressi

17、on which accommodate current Standards Australia practice, and includes the following:完全分離多層幕墻建筑很有十分有效。本標準不適用于框架體系堆疊或疊接在一起的建筑物正面玻璃。此次版本包括適應(yīng)現(xiàn)行澳大利亞標準局慣例的風格、規(guī)格、表現(xiàn)的變化，具體如下：Aluminium, timber, unplasticized PVC, and other materials.鋁材、木材、未增塑聚氯乙烯材料和其它材料。Louvre windows.百葉窗。Adoption of the Building Code of A

18、ustralia for determining the classification of buildings.采用澳大利亞建筑規(guī)范確定建筑物的分級。Adoption of AS 4055, Wind loads for housing, for determining rationalized wind loads for housing and AS 1170.2, Minimum design loads on structures (known as the SAA Loading Code), Part 2: Wind loads, for determining wind loa

19、ds for all other buildings.采用AS4055：房屋風壓確定房屋的合理風壓，以及AS1170.2：構(gòu)筑物最小設(shè)計負載（即澳大利亞標準協(xié)會負載規(guī)范）第2部分：風力荷載確定其它所有的建筑物的風力荷載。During the preparation of this revision, cognizance was taken of the latest test information and performance criteria in Australia and overseas.編制本標準的過程中，澳大利亞和國外最新的試驗信息和性能標準也納入了考慮范圍。In this

20、Standard, statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to tables are deemed to form an integral part of the Standard.本標準中，表格的備注里用強制性語言陳述的內(nèi)容應(yīng)視為本標準的要求。CONTENTS內(nèi)容Page頁碼SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL第1章 范圍和總則1.1SCOPE范圍 41.2APPLICATION用途41.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS參考文獻41.4DEFINITIONS 定義4SECTION 2 CONSTRUCT

21、ION OF WINDOW AND DOOR UNITS第2章 門窗組件制造2.1GENERAL 總則62.2TOLERANCES 公差62.3JOINTS 接頭62.4GLAZING 上釉62.5REVEAL LININGS門窗口筒子板62.6FLASHINGS 防水片62.7FINISHES 表面處理6SECTION 3 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES第3章 安裝程序3.1WINDOW SELECTION 窗戶選擇73.2ON-SITE CARE 現(xiàn)場注意事項73.3INSTALLATION INSTRUCTION安裝說明73.4 THERMAL AND STRUCTURA

22、L MOVEMENT 熱移動和結(jié)構(gòu)移動7SECTION 4 CARE AND MAINTENANCE 第4章 照看和維護9Originated as part of SAA Int. 3181951.最初為澳大利亞國際標準學(xué)會318-1951的部分內(nèi)容。Previous editions parts of AS 15401974, AS 2147 1978 and the whole of AS 20481977.以前的版本為AS1540-1974、AS2147-1978和AS2048-1977。Revised, amalgamated and redesignated in part as

23、2047.2 1996.部分內(nèi)容經(jīng)修訂、合并并重新命名為AS2047.2-1996。 Copyright STANDARDS AUSTRALIA澳大利亞標準局 版權(quán)所有Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia publications and software. Except where the Copyright Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software prod

24、uced by Standards Australia may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing from Standards Australia. Permission may be conditional on an appropriate royalty payment. Requests for permission and information on commercial sof

25、tware royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia.使用標準的用戶應(yīng)該注意，所有澳大利亞標準局出版的刊物和軟件里均含有版權(quán)。除了版權(quán)法允許的情況和以下特別規(guī)定的情形下，如未經(jīng)澳大利亞標準局的書面同意，由澳大利亞標準局編制的任何出版物或軟件都不得以任何形式進行復(fù)制、儲存在檢索系統(tǒng)里，或者通過任何方式進行傳播。支付適當?shù)氖褂觅M后方能授權(quán)許可。如需申請許可，或需要了解有關(guān)商用軟件的使用費事宜，對于澳大利亞，請與澳大利亞標準局的總部提出請求。Standards Australia will permi

26、t up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia.澳大利亞標準局允許本標準的購買者復(fù)印標準技術(shù)的內(nèi)容不得超過10，僅供內(nèi)部使用，無需支付使用費或通知澳大利亞標準局。Standards Australia will also permit the incl

27、usion of its copyright material in computer software programs for no royalty payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs.如果計算機軟件程序由程序的創(chuàng)建者在內(nèi)部使用，澳大利亞標準局也允許將標準的版權(quán)信息包含在該計算機軟件程序里，而無需支付使用費。Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the curren

28、t edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identified.用戶應(yīng)注意確保其所用的材料是來源于本標準的現(xiàn)行版，并且應(yīng)隨著本標準的更新、修訂而更新。本標準的編號和日期應(yīng)標示清楚。The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be

29、used commercially, with or without payment, or in commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be varied by Standards Australia at any time.無論是否支付了使用費，也不論是否已簽訂有關(guān)協(xié)議，凡將此材料（刊印或用于計算機軟件程序）用于商業(yè)用途的，均應(yīng)支付使用費。澳大利亞標準局有權(quán)在任何時候修訂這一規(guī)定。 PAGE 9AS 2047.21996COPYRIGHTSTANDARDS AUSTRALIA

30、澳大利亞標準局Australian Standard澳大利亞標準Windows in buildings建筑窗Part 2: Construction, installation and maintenance第2部分：制造、安裝和維護SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL第1章 范圍和總則1.1 SCOPE This Standard provides recommended methods of construction, glazing, installation, protection and maintenance for windows, sliding glaze

31、d doors, adjustable glass louvres, shopfronts and window walls with one-piece framing elements, but not curtain walls using stacked or spliced framing systems, manufactured from any material and installed vertically in external walls of all classes of buildings.范圍 本標準提供了窗、推拉玻璃門、活動玻璃百葉窗、商店門面和單框架構(gòu)件玻璃墻

32、的建議制造、上釉、安裝、保護和維護方法，但是不包括任何材質(zhì)的豎直安裝于任何等級建筑物外墻的框架體系堆疊或疊接在一起的幕墻。NOTES:注：1 Prefabricated bay windows which incorporate sloped glass are classified as windows in vertical walls.采用傾斜玻璃的預(yù)制凸窗屬于直墻窗。2 Hinged doors are not covered by this Standard.本標準未對鉸鏈門進行說明。1.2 APPLICATION This Standard should be read in co

33、njunction with AS 2047.1.用途 本標準應(yīng)當與AS2047.1結(jié)合使用。1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard:參考文獻 本標準參考了以下文獻：AS1288Glass in buildingsSelection and installation建筑玻璃-選擇和安裝1606Code of practice for water-repellent treatment of timber, joinery and other timber products

34、木材、細木制品和其它木材產(chǎn)品的防水處理操作規(guī)范2047 Windows in buildings建筑窗2047.1Part 1: Specification for materials and performance第1部分：材料規(guī)格和性能2904Damp-proof courses and flashings防潮層和防水片3730Guide to properties of paints for buildings建筑漆性能指南Part 13: PrimerWoodSolvent-borneInterior/exterior第13部分：底漆-木材-溶劑型漆-內(nèi)部-外部O1Glossary o

35、f terms used in timber Standards木材相關(guān)標準術(shù)語表1.4 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions given in AS O1 and those below apply:定義 本標準采用AS O1中的定義以及以下定義：1.4.1 Curtain walla non-load-bearing window wall that is not a panel wall. 幕墻：一種非承重玻璃墻，非隔墻。1.4.2 Fina piece of glass positioned to p

36、rovide lateral support.翼片：其安裝位置能夠提供橫向支撐的玻璃片。1.4.3 Fixingany item that is used to secure members of a window assembly to each other, to secure an item of hardware to a window member, or to secure a completed window assembly into the building structure.固定件：用于將窗組件的各個構(gòu)件固定在一起、將金屬件固定在窗戶構(gòu)件上或者將完整的窗組件固定再建筑結(jié)構(gòu)

37、上的物品。1.4.4 Flashingan impervious membrane compatible with the framing materials, installed in such a manner as to prevent ingress of water into the building.防水片：安裝在建筑物上用于阻止雨水進入的防滲薄膜。1.4.5 Framethat part of a window assembly surrounding the sashes or fixed glazing. It is a structure manufactured from

38、 timber, metal, glass, or other durable material or combinations of materials, such as glass fins and structural sealant forming part of the assembly of a glazed panel and supporting the full length of all the edges of the glass.框架：窗組件的一部分，環(huán)繞在門窗或固定玻璃周圍。它是一種由木材、金屬、玻璃或者其它耐用材料或組合材料制造的組件，如構(gòu)成玻璃板組件并支撐玻璃邊緣

39、的總長度的玻璃翼片和結(jié)構(gòu)密封膠。NOTE: Butt-jointed glass panels which are not in the same plane can satisfy the requirements for frames.注：不在同一平面上的對接玻璃板可以滿足對框架的要求。1.4.6 Glassa hard, brittle, amorphous substance produced by fusion and usually consisting of mutually dissolved silica or silicates that also contain soda

40、 and lime. It may be transparent, translucent or opaque.玻璃：一種由熔融物制造的通常含有互相溶解的硅石或硅酸鹽（同時還含有碳酸鈉和石灰）的堅硬易碎的非晶體物質(zhì)?？梢詾橥该?、半透明或者不透明狀態(tài)。1.4.7 Hardwareequipment used in the opening, operating, closing, locking and stopping of sashes.金屬構(gòu)件：用于打開、操作、關(guān)閉、鎖緊或止動門窗的設(shè)備。1.4.8 Light see window light.光：見窗扇。1.4.9 Multi-light

41、 windowa window incorporating more than one opening or fixed light, or both, within one perimeter frame, as low lights, high lights or side lights.多扇窗：一個周邊框架內(nèi)具有多個開口或固定扇葉或者兩者兼?zhèn)洌ㄈ绲蜕取⒏呱然蜻吷龋┑拇皯簟?.4.10 Panel walla non-load-bearing window wall that is wholly supported at each storey.隔墻：一種非承重玻璃墻，其自身重量完全由每個

42、樓層承擔。1.4.11 Reveal liningtrim member that fills the remainder of the wall thickness.門窗口筒子板 填充壁厚不足部分的修整過的構(gòu)件。1.4.12 Sashthe separate frame to a window or door, carrying the glass. It may be fixed (inoperable) or movable (operable).窗框：攜持玻璃的窗戶的獨立框架，可以是固定式（不可操作）或移動式（可操作）。1.4.13 Sillthe bottom horizontal

43、member of a window or door frame. 窗框下檻：窗組件底部的水平框架構(gòu)件。1.4.14 Wind displacement of parallel members with respect to one another.纏繞：平行構(gòu)件相互之間的位移。1.4.15 Window/door assemblya complete unit comprising frame, couplings, sashes, glazing infill panels and hardware.門/窗組件：包括框架、聯(lián)結(jié)裝置、門窗、玻璃填充板和金屬構(gòu)件的全套裝置。1.4.16 Win

44、dow lighta single panel of glazing in a window assembly.扇窗：窗組件中的單片面板或玻璃。1.4.17 Window ratingthe level of performance for strength and weatherproofness of windows and doors as determined by test. Window ratings for housing are expressed in wind classification terms (see AS 2047.1), and window ratings

45、 for buildings other than housing are expressed in design wind pressure terms.窗戶等級：根據(jù)試驗確定的門窗強度和耐風雨性能等級。房屋玻璃等級用風力分類術(shù)語表示（見表5.1），非房屋建筑用玻璃等級用許可或者限制性設(shè)計風壓術(shù)語表示。1.4.18 Window walla series of multi-light windows, generally spanning from floor to ceiling, and often continuous horizontally.玻璃墻：一系列多扇窗，其跨度通常從地板至

46、天花板，并且在水平方向上具有連續(xù)性。SECTION 2 CONSTRUCTION OF WINDOWAND DOOR UNITS第2章 門窗組件的制造2.1 GENERAL Windows shall be so constructed as to meet the materials and performance requirements of AS 2047.1.總則 窗戶的構(gòu)造必須符合AS2047.1的材料和性能要求。2.2 TOLERANCES The sizes of assembled panels shall be within a tolerance of 3.0 mm of

47、 the agreed sizes, and the maximum difference between diagonals shall be 4 mm.公差 組裝板的尺寸的公差必須處于公認尺寸的3.0之內(nèi)，對角線之間的最大偏差為4mm。2.3 JOINTS The joints between framing and sash members shall be capable of withstanding all forces applied to the various components at the window rating, as required by AS 2047.1.

48、接頭框架和窗框構(gòu)件之間的接頭必須根據(jù)AS2047.1的要求，能夠承受施加在不同等級窗戶的不同部件上的所有的外力。All joints are to be sealed, where required, to prevent water penetration and excessive air infiltration.如需要，所有的接頭應(yīng)當密封，以發(fā)生滲水和過度滲氣。2.4 GLAZING上釉2.4.1 Pre-glazed windows The majority of windows for housing are supplied factory- glazed and use ind

49、ividual proprietary methods which are not described in AS 1288.預(yù)上釉窗 大部分房屋窗都使用在工廠已經(jīng)上釉的窗組件，并采用AS 1288未提及的具有獨立所有權(quán)的方法。For guidance as to the method of glass replacement and maintenance of the glazing materials, consultation with the window manufacturer is recommended.對于玻璃更換和上釉材料維護的方法，建議咨詢窗戶制造商。2.4.2 Sit

50、e glazing For any systems which are to be glazed on site after frame installation, a check should be carried out in accordance with the manufacturers specified process necessary for correct glass support and operation of the unit and otherwise in accordance with one or more of the methods given in A

51、S 1288.現(xiàn)場上釉 對于框架安裝后的現(xiàn)場的任何系統(tǒng)的上釉，應(yīng)當按照制造商規(guī)定的必要的程序?qū)ΣＡе蔚恼_性和窗組件操作進行檢查，或者按照AS1288提供的方法進行檢查。2.4.3 Structural glazing The use of structural silicone and adhesive glazing tapes for the bonding of glass or panels onto framing systems is a specialist procedure requiring very careful choice of materials and tr

52、eatment of the bonding surfaces.結(jié)構(gòu)上釉 使用結(jié)構(gòu)硅膠和粘合玻璃密封條將玻璃或面板粘在框架體系上是一個專業(yè)程序，需要對材料仔細選擇并對粘結(jié)表面進行處理。Consultation with all material suppliers is of critical importance. Only experienced structural glazers should be used and the process should be strictly in accordance with the manufacturers specific process.

53、咨詢所有的材料供應(yīng)商至關(guān)重要。應(yīng)當使用專業(yè)的結(jié)構(gòu)釉工，并且上釉流程應(yīng)當嚴格按照制造商規(guī)定的工藝進行。2.5 REVEAL LININGS Where window reveal linings are pre-fitted as part of the window construction, the atmerials used in their preservation or finishing treatments shall have no harmful effects on the window finishes or materials.門窗口筒子板 當門窗口筒子板預(yù)先安裝作為窗

54、戶構(gòu)造的一部分時，其防腐或表面處理材料必須對窗戶的面層或材料沒有危害。2.6 FLASHINGS Flashings may be attached to windows at the time of manufacture to facilitate their installation by builders. The responsibility for determining their fitness and ultimate performance rests with the building designers and the building contractors. AS

55、2904 shall be used as a guide where the building construction requires weather barriers.防水片 防水片可以在組裝時固定在窗戶上，以便其安裝與建筑物上。建筑設(shè)計人員和建筑承包商有責任確定其適用性和最高性能。如果建筑安裝需要耐侯層，則必須將AS2904作為操作指南。2.7 FINISHES Aluminium and UPVC windows should be supplied pre-finished. Timber window assemblies should be fully coated with

56、 a primer complying with AS 3730.13, or with other moisture-retardant material complying with AS 1606, or by other equally effective means.表面處理 鋁窗和非增塑聚氯乙烯窗的表面應(yīng)當進行預(yù)處理。木窗組件應(yīng)當涂滿符合AS3730.13的底漆，或者其它符合AS1606的潮濕阻滯材料或者其它具有同等效力的材料。SECTION 3 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES第3章 安裝程序3.1 WINDOW SELECTION The applicant fo

57、r building approval or the approving authority shall nominate the window rating appropriate to the location of the building.窗戶選擇 建房批準的申請人或批準機構(gòu)必須對窗戶進行分級，與相應(yīng)場地的建筑相適應(yīng)。The minimum rating for each wind classification and a guide to the design wind pressure are set out in AS 2047.1.每個風力類別的最小等級和設(shè)計風壓指南見AS20

58、47.1。The minimum rating for housing is set out in AS 2047.1, and the design wind pressure for buildings other than housing shall be established appropriate to the location of the building.房屋最小等級見AS2047.1，同時必須制定除房屋之外的建筑物的設(shè)計風壓，與相應(yīng)場所的房屋相適應(yīng)。3.2 ON-SITE CARE On-site windows and doors should be stored in

59、a clean, dry area away from cement, lime, paint, acid, etc. During installation they shall be protected from building fallout such as wet plaster, mortar, paint and welding splatter. Wet plaster and mortar should be removed immediately and the soiled area washed down with clean water.現(xiàn)場注意事項 門窗在現(xiàn)場儲存時

60、必須放置在干凈、干燥區(qū)域，并且免受如水泥、石灰、油漆、酸以及類似材料的破壞。安裝時應(yīng)當保護窗戶不受建筑墜落物如濕石膏、灰泥、油漆和焊接金屬飛濺的損傷。滴落的濕石膏和灰泥應(yīng)當立即清除并用清水沖洗污染區(qū)域。If removal is delayed and scraping becomes necessary, the surface finish may suffer.如果清除作業(yè)耽擱，需要刮擦沉積物，則有可能損害窗戶面層。NOTE: Window framing may be affected by corrosive salts migrating from masonry construc