一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)2

1、一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/aredone一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：wasweredone現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：have/hasbeendone過去完成時的被動語態(tài)：hadbeendone現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/arebeingdone過去進行時的被動語態(tài)：was/werebeingdone一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：shall/willbedone過去將來時的被動語態(tài)：should/wouldbedone含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+bedone2）被動語態(tài)的否定式:在第一個助動詞后加not構(gòu)成。3）被動語態(tài)的疑問式：把第一個助動詞提到主語之前,句尾加問號構(gòu)成。例如Wheredidt

2、heygrowvegetables?（改為被動語態(tài)）Wherevegetables?（2002福州）（答案:were,grown）一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/aredone一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：was/weredone現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：have/hasbeendone過去完成時的被動語態(tài)：hadbeendone現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/arebeingdone過去進行時的被動語態(tài)：was/werebeingdone一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：shall/willbedone過去將來時的被動語態(tài)：should/wouldbedone含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+bedone2）被動

3、語態(tài)的否定式:在第一個助動詞后加not構(gòu)成。3）被動語態(tài)的疑問式：把第一個助動詞提到主語之前,句尾加問號構(gòu)成。例如Wheredidtheygrowvegetables?（改為被動語態(tài)）Wherevegetables?（2002福州）（答案:were,grown）在復合句中修飾名詞和代詞的從句叫做定語從句.被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞.引導定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有who,whose,whom,which,that,as;引導定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有when,where,why;關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語,賓語,定語.關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中做狀語.由who,引導的定語從句,who在從句中做主語(口語

4、中也可做賓語)，修飾表示人的先行詞.例如:Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.Doyouknowthecomradewhospokejustnow?Theboywho/whomwesawyesterdayisJohnsbrother.whom引導的定語從句,whom在從句中作賓語，修飾表示人的先行詞，口語中可以省略.Thedoctor(whom)youarelookingforisintheroom.Theperson(whom)youjusttalkedtoisMr.Li.=ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.(介詞后whom不能省略)Theb

5、abieswhomthenursesarelookingforareveryhealthy.(固定短語中的介詞一般不省略,介詞仍放在動詞之后)whose引導的定語從句,whose在從句中作定語,修飾表示人或物的先行詞.DoyouknowthewomanwhosenameisMary.Passmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack.that引導的定語從句,that在從句中做主語或賓語,修飾表示人或物的先行詞,作賓語時可省略,不能放在介詞后面作賓語.Theletter(that/which)Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.Icantfindthelett

6、erthat/whichcamethismorning.Doyoustillrememberthedays(that/which)wespenttogether?Thisisthemanthat/whohelpedme.Thehouse(that/which)weliveinisnotlarge.=Thehouseinwhichweliveisnotlarge.Thedoctor(that/whom/who)youarelookingforisintheroom.which引導的定語從句,which在從句中做主語，也可做賓語，或介詞的賓語，修飾表示物的先行詞.先行詞可以是詞、短語、句子。Thi

7、sisthebook(which/that)youwant.Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsneartheriverisourschool.Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.(介詞后面的which不能省略)Thehouse(which/that)weliveinisnotlarge.Thisisthewatch(which/that)hewaslookingfor.(在含有介詞的動詞固定詞組中，介詞只能放在動詞之后，不能放在which之前)六、that和which都可以修飾表示物的先行詞，但是下列情況只能用that.先行詞為

8、不定冠詞all，few，little，much，everything，nothing等.All(that)youhavetodoistopractiseeveryday.Thereisntmuch(that)Icando.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級所修飾時.Thefirstlesson(that)Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.先行詞被all，any，every，few，little，no，some等不定代詞修飾時.Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.先行

9、詞被theonly，thevery，thelast，thesame等修飾時.ThewhitefloweristheonlyonethatIreallylike.ThisistheverybookthatIwanttoread.ThisisthesamebookthatIwanttoread.(同一本書)ThisisthesamebookasIwanttoread.當主句以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時，定語從句that引導.Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesntknowthi

10、s?先行詞既有人又有物時。Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwecouldremember.ime做先行詞，前面如果有序數(shù)詞或last來修飾時，定語從句用that來引導或省略；如果沒有序數(shù)詞或last來修飾時，既可用when也可用that來引導。Thisisthelasttime(that)Ishallgiveyoualesson.Thefirsttime(that)Isawhimwasin1972.Itstime(that)wegotup.七、as引導的定語從句,as用作關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導限定性定語從句，在從句中作主語、定語、表語、或狀語，常與the

11、sameassuchassoasasas連用。Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.Iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas.Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.Heisthesameageasyou(are).Hewillgiveyousuchinformationaswillhelpyou.Suchstudentsasyouhavementionedshouldbecriticized.=Studentssuchasyouhavementionedshouldbecriticized.在thesame后也可用that引導定語從句

12、，但意義有所不同：that引出的定語從句，指的是與先行詞同一事物；而as引出的定語從句是與先行詞相似的同類事物。IwanttousethesametoolthatIusedyesterday.IwanttousethesametoolasIusedyesterday.八、由when引導的定語從句，修飾表示時間的先行詞，when為關(guān)系副詞，做定語從句的時間狀語。IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstcametoBeijing.(介詞+which可以代替when)Illneverfo

13、rgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.Irememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether.九、由where引導的定語從句，修飾表示地點的先行詞，where為關(guān)系副詞，做定語從句的地點狀語。Thisistheplacewherewelivedforfiveyears.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.Thefactoryinwhichhisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.(介詞+which可以代替where)Thisisaplacewhic

14、h/thatIwantedtovisit.asisoftensaidasisannounced十、Why引導的定語從句，why做原因狀語。Iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathewasill.非限定性定語從句who指人，做主語。YesterdayImetLiPing,whoseemedtobeverybusy.whom指人,作賓語.Hehadmanyfriends,manyofwhomhadbeenintheuniversities.whose指人,作定語.TheChairmansdaughter,whosenamei

15、sAnn,gaveTomasmile.4.which指物,做主語,賓語.Hisspeech,whichboredeveryone,wentonandon.Thespeech,whichhehadwrittenonthepaper,seemedendless.5.where指地點,作狀語.GalileolivedinthecityofPisa,wherethereisaleaningtowerabout180feethigh.6.when指時間,作狀語.Themeetingwillbeputofftillnextmonth,whenwewillhavemadeallthepreparations

16、.7.as做主語,表語,賓語;先行詞可以是一個詞,一個短語或一個句子.Toshutyoureyestofacts,asmanyofyoudo,isfoolish.Asweallknow,hestudiesveryhard.As引導的定語從句可放在主句前,也可放在主句后.在很多情況下已經(jīng)構(gòu)成固定搭配.AseverybodycanseeaswasusualAscanbeseenasIexpectedAsisknowntoall，asmaybeimaginedasyouknowasisexpectedashasbeensaidbeforeasisreported限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句的區(qū)別

17、：限定性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句的關(guān)系十分密切，寫時不用逗號分開。非限定性定語從句和主句的關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對先行詞作些附加的說明，如果去掉，主句的意思依然清楚。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號分開，一般不用that引導。as和which引導的非限定性定語從句的比較：1.非限定性定語從句位于句未，而且as和which在從句中作主語、賓語、表語時可互換。Heisafarmer,as/whichisclearfromhismanner.Thiselephantislikeasnake,as/whichanybodycansee.2

18、.which引導的非限定性定語從句一般放在句未，而as引導的非限定性定語從句可放在句未，也可放在句中、句首。放在句首時不能用which替換。Crusoelosthisdog,whichmadehimverysadTaiwanispartofChina,as/whichisknowntoall.Aswehaveseen,oceanscovermorethan70percentoftheearth.3.as引導非限定性定語從句時，意為“這一點、這件事”，常與see，hope，expect，know，guess等動詞搭配；而which引導非限定性定語從句時與主句有一種因果關(guān)系，可譯為“所以”。Cyp

19、rus,asyouallknow,isintheMediterranean.Bambooishollow,whichmakesitverylight.4.as引導非限定性定語從句并在從句中作主語時，其后面的謂語動詞大多數(shù)必須是連系動詞。如果從句謂語動詞是行為動詞，則必須用which。Hemarriedher,aswasnatural.Sherefusedtotakethemedicine,whichmadehermotherangry.Itrainedhardyesterday,whichpreventedherfromgoingtoShenyang.Heisabsent,asisoftent

20、hecase.TheendChoosethebestanswers:CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,personallyIdoubtverymuch.A.itB.thatC.whenD.whichismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorhighschoolisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.ItThefenceinourgarden,myfatherbuiltmanyyearsago,haslastedforalongtime.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.w

21、hereTheresstillmuchcanbeimprovedaboutit.A.whichB.thatC.ifD.whatWhenlostinwork,heoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingandsleeping.A.whatBsoC.justlikeD.asMrJohnsonsson,livesinChicago,isadoctor.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whichWehadtodelaythepartytillnextweek,weshouldhavesomethingimportanttodo.A.whenB.whichC.atw

22、hichD.inthatWetraveledtogetherasfarasChicago,wesaidgoodbyetoeachother.A.whichB.whenC.whyD.whereIllneverforgettheyearsIlivedinthecountrywiththefarmershasagreateffectonmylife.A.that;whichB.when;whichC.which;thatD.when;whoHearrivedinNewYorkin1896,sometimelater,hebecameawriter.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which

23、Shemayhavemissedhertrain,incaseshewontarriveforanotherhour.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.thisHehasmadeawonderfuldiscovery,ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichdoIthinkisC.IthinkwhichisD.whichIthinkitisIllrememberthetimewespenttogetherinthecountry.A.thatB.whenC.duringwhichD.atwhichIdontbelievether

24、easonhehasgivenforhisbeinglate.A.whyB.thatC.howD.whatThereweretwosmallroomsinthehouse,servedasakitchen.A.thesmallerofwhichB.thesmallofwhichC.thesmallerofthemD.thesmalleroneHelivedinLondonfor3years,duringtimehelearnedsomeEnglish.A.thisB.whichC.thatD.sameWillyoupleaseshowmethewaytotheonlytallbuildings

25、tandsnearthepostoffice.A.xB.inwhichC.thatD.whereAlicehasalargecollectionofphotos,wastakeninLondon.A.noneofthemB.nooneofwhichC.allofwhichD.noneofwhichHissisterhadbecomeateacher,waswhathewantedtobe.A.whoB.whatC.thatD.whichNextwinteryoullspendinHarbin,Imsure,willbeanotherexcitingholiday.A.whichB.whenC.

26、inwhichD.whereWiththefastdevelopmentofagriculture,thepeoplevillageItaughtbeforehavelivedahappylife.A.whoB.whoseC.inwhoseD.inwhichTheboss,restaurantIamserving,isakindheartedman.A.inwhichB.inwhoseC.whereD.whichIfellmostangryaboutthewayIvebeentreated.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.howHewasrudetotheCustomsofficer

27、,ofcoursemadethingsevenworse.A.whoB.whomC.whatD.whichThereisamountainthetopisalwayscoveredwithsnow.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.itsD.thatHehashadthesamelifehisfatherlived.A.whereB.asC.thatD.whenDorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,A.whoB.whichC.thisD.madetheothersunhappy.whatRecentlyIbough

28、tanancientChineseVase,wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhoseTheChicagoBullswasmadeupofthebestbasketballplayersintheStates,andwereblackAmericans.A.mostofthemB.mostofwhomC.mostofthatD.mostofwhich“breakthelawshouldbepunished,”thejudgeshouted.A.SomeoneB.AnyoneC.Whoeve

29、rD.ThosewhoIsthereagasstationaroundIcangetsomepetrol.A.whichB.whatC.whereD.thatIsthereanythingelseyourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whatThelastplacewevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itHetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooksinterestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whenTherailwaytunnel

30、,throughthetraingoeswillbecompletedsoon.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whomThereisnodictionaryyoucanfindeverything.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthatNextmonth,youllspendinyourhometown,iscoming.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.whereNextmonth,youllbeinyourhometown,iscoming.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.whereHewantedtoknowthetimeheneededtok

31、now.AthatB.whenC.whereD.whatThereisntsomuchnoiseinthecountryinbigcities.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.asTheycouldonlyreadsuchstorieshadbeenrewritteninsimpleEnglish.A.thatB.whichC.asDwhatCrusoesdogbecameillanddied,madehimverylonely.A.asB.whichC.thatD.thisweknownow,batscomesoutonlyatnight.A.AsB.WhichC.ThatD.W

32、hatJohngotbeateninthegame,hadbeenexpected.A.asB.thatC.whatD.whohasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As46.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,writeswell.A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthemTherearetwothousandstudentsinourschool,aregirls.A.ofwhomtwo-thirdsB.two-thirdof

33、themC.two-thirdinthemD.two-thirdsinwhichDoyouknowtheman?A.whomIspokeB.towhoIspokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspokeThisisoneofthebestfilmsthisyear.A.havebeenshownB.thathaveshownC.thathavebeenshownD.whichhasbeenshownIssomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek?A.thisschoolB.thistheschoolC.thisschooloneD.thisschoolwhere51.

34、Illtellyouhetoldmelastmonth.A.allwhichB.allwhatC.thatallD.all52.Istillrememberthedayshefirstworethatpinkdress.A.whichB.inwhichC.onthatD.onwhich53.Isoxygentheonlygashelpsfireburn?A.thatBxC.whichD.it54.Ivereadallthebookswereborrowedfromthelibrary.A.thatB.xC.whichD.theyYoucantakeanyseatisfree.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.inwhichAchildparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whoB.whosC.whoseD.whichPleasepassmethedictionarycoverisblack.A.whichB.whichofC.itsD.whoseIsthismuseumsomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastWednesday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theoneHehastwosons,workaschemists.A.