私人飛行員地面學校課程培訓課件Lesson 11- Weather Theory

1、Weather Theory 101US Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolThe AtmosphereUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolAtmosphere ContentUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolAtmospheric HeatingUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolAtmospheric CirculationUS Aviation Academy

2、Private Pilot Ground SchoolAtmospheric PressureUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolMeasuring PressureUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolPressure and AltitudeUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolPressure IsobarsUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolPressure C

3、irculationUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolPressure GradientsUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolU.S. Daily Weather Map showing Pressure GradientsAvailable online here: /dailywxmap/Weather CirculationUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolSatellite Image showing the

4、Pacific Weather Circulation PatternWind PatternsUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolWinds at 36,000 Feet flow in Strong but Regular Patterns. These winds are influenced by the Coriolis Force. The Jet Stream is clearly visible here.Surface Winds are less strong but more erratic because of

5、Frictional Force. They usually follow circulation patterns around High and Low Pressure Systems.Local Weather PatternsUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolAtmospheric StabilityThe Standard Lapse Rate is 2o per 1000 feetBut conditions are rarely Standard.Warm air above Cold air is an Invers

6、ion.US Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolTemperature Inversions often cause a Low Cloud Layer with Warm Air aboveMoisture StateUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolMoistureUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolCloudsUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolFogUS Av

7、iation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolGround FogAdvection FogSteam FogRadiation FogUpslope FogLow Clouds Stratus Nimbostratus StratocumulusUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolMiddle Clouds Altostratus Clouds Altocumulus CloudsUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolHigh CloudsU

8、S Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolCirrus CloudsCirrostratus CloudsCirrocumulus Clouds Clouds with Vertical DevelopmentUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolTowering CumulonimbusCumulonimbusCumulus CloudsPrecipitationUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolVirgaHailRainAir

9、massesUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolCold FrontUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolWarm FrontUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolOccluded FrontUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolThunderstormsUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolRoll CloudHe

10、avy ThunderstormGust FrontHurricaneThunderstorm StagesUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolThunderstorm MovementUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolThunderstorm HazardsUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolTurbulenceLighting and TornadoesTurbulenceUS Aviation Academy Pr

11、ivate Pilot Ground SchoolMechanical TurbulenceMountain Wave TurbulenceConvective TurbulenceWake TurbulenceUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolWind ShearUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolIcingUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolRestrictions to VisibilityUS Aviation

12、Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolHazeSmokeDust StormsHazeVolcanic AshWeather ForecastingWeather Forecasts can be classified as:Persistence ForecastTrend ForecastClimatological ForecastAnalogue ForecastMeteorological ForecastNumerical Weather PredictionUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolThe Forecast ProcessObservationsCommunicationProcessingDisseminationUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolHomework AssignmentREAD: chapter 12 from th