外文翻譯-拉伸模自動設(shè)計系統(tǒng)

1、附件1：外文資料翻譯譯文拉伸模自動設(shè)計系統(tǒng)朗讀顯示對應(yīng)的拉丁字符的拼音字典 - unctional%20%20Structure%20%20Skeleton%20%20Structure%20%20Functional%20%20Structure%20%20Skeleton%20%20Structure%20%20Functional%20%20Structure%20%20BH%20Size%20%20Die%20face%20Thickness%20%20Avoid%20Structure%20%20Panel%20Guide%20Seat%20%20Rib%20%20Lower%20D

2、ie%20Size%20%20Die%20face%20Thickness%20%20Avoid%20Structure%20%20Rib%20%20Upper%20Die%20Size%20%20Die%20face%20Thickness%20%20Rib%20%20Guide%20%20Heel%20Guide%20%20Guide%20Post%20Seat%20%20Cushion%20Pin%20Seat%20%20Hook%20%20Bolt%20Type%20%20Cast-in%20Type%20%20Stopper%20Seat%20%20Circle%20Type%20%

3、20Square%20Type%20%20Safety%20Area%20%20Guide%20%20Heel%20Guide%20%20Guide%20Post%20Seat%20%20Cushion%20Pin%20Hole%20%20U-groove%20%20Hook%20%20Bolt%20Type%20%20Cast-in%20Type%20%20Auxiliary%20Plate%20%20Triangle%20Rib%20%20Stopper%20Seat%20%20Circle%20Type%20%20Square%20Type%20%20Safety%20Area%20%2

4、0Key-groove%20%20Guide%20%20Heel%20Guide%20%20Guide%20Post%20Seat%20%20Auxiliary%20Plate%20%20U-groove%20%20Triangle%20Rib%20%20Hook%20%20Bolt%20Type%20%20Cast-in%20Type%20%20Stopper%20Seat%20%20Circle%20Type%20%20Square%20Type%20%20Safety%20Area%20%20Fig.%206.Organization%20diagram%20of%20supported

5、%20features%20%201590%20B.-T%20Lin,%20S.-H%20Hsu%20/%20Expert%20Systems%20with%20Applications%2034%20(2008)%2015861598%20%20%20Each%20hook%20for%20upper%20dies%20and%20blank%20holders%20should%20support%20a%20minimum%2055%25%20weight%20of%20the%20component.%20Each%20of%20the%20three%20hooks%20of%20t

6、he%20lower%20dies%20should%20support%20a%20minimum%20total%20weight%20of%20the%20die.%20%20Fig.%203%20shows%20its%20design%20specifications.%20%203.%20System%20components%20%20After%20receiving%20all%20required%20design%20information%20and%20appropriated%20types%20of%20subcomponents%20from%20the%20u

7、ser,%20this%20system%20is%20able%20to%20finish%20the%20design%20of%20main%20components%20of%20the%20die%20based%20on%20design%20guidelines%20and%20specifications.%20%20Fig.%204%20illustrates%20the%20architecture%20of%20our%20system,%20which%20includes%20a%20design%20knowledge%20base,%20a%20design%20

8、database,%20a%20%20CAD%20software,%20an%20inference%20engine,%20and%20user%20interfaces.%20%20Each%20of%20the%20components%20is%20detailed%20below:%20%203.1.%20The%20user%20interface%20%20The%20user%20interface%20offers%20users%20a%20way%20to%20interact%20with%20the%20system%20effectively%20and%20ef

9、ficiently.%20The%20user%20interface%20of%20our%20system%20allows%20users%20to%20input%20both%20alphanumeric%20and%20graphic%20information.%20This%20interface%20also%20shows%20the%20final%20design%20to%20users.%20The%20interface%20for%20inputting%20alphanumeric%20information%20is%20used%20to%20select

10、%20the%20types%20of%20press%20machines,%20guide%20mechanisms,%20hooks,%20and%20stopping%20seats,%20while%20the%20interface%20for%20inputting%20graphic%20information%20is%20used%20to%20change%20die%20faces,%20punch%20open%20lines,%20and%20blank%20lines.%20%203.2.%20The%20inference%20engine%20%20The%2

11、0inference%20engine%20is%20the%20core%20of%20our%20system.%20It%20is%20responsible%20for%20generating%20the%20solid%20structure%20design%20of%20%20the%20main%20components%20based%20on%20users%20input.%20The%20inference%20engine%20consists%20of%20four%20units:%20a%20model%20generator,%20a%20subcompon

12、ent%20selector,%20a%20shape%20calculator,%20and%20an%20inference%20coordinator.%20Instead%20of%20being%20input%20by%20the%20user%20via%20an%20interactive%20way,%20the%20parameters%20of%20solid%20models%20are%20automatically%20calculated%20by%20the%20design%20system.%20Therefore,%20solid%20models%20a

13、re%20generated%20by%20the%203D%20CAD%20system%20automatically.%20%20In%20case%20any%20error%20occurs%20during%20the%20modeling%20process,%20the%20system%20will%20send%20an%20error%20message%20to%20the%20user.%20%20%20The%20subcomponent%20selector%20is%20used%20to%20determine%20the%20quantity,%20posi

14、tion,%20and%20size%20of%20a%20subcomponent%20based%20on%20design%20constraints%20and%20formulas%20derived%20from%20the%20initial%20design%20information.%20The%20subcomponent%20selector%20used%20in%20our%20system%20has%20227%20constraints%20and%20formulas.%20%20%20The%20shape%20calculator%20is%20resp

15、onsible%20for%20determining%20the%20shape%20of%20a%20subcomponent.%20After%20the%20type%20and%20size%20(independent%20parameters)%20of%20the%20subcomponent%20are%20determined,%20the%20shape%20calculator%20is%20able%20to%20out%20put%20the%20shape%20of%20the%20subcomponent%20based%20on%20design%20tabl

16、es.%20%20The%20shape%20calculator%20used%20in%20our%20system%20has%20328%20types%20of%20shapes.%20%20&langpair=en|zh-CN 查看字典詳細(xì)內(nèi)容朗讀顯示對應(yīng)的拉丁字符的拼音字典 - wledge%20base%20and%20database%20this%20system%20is%20able%20to%20output%20designs%20of%20the%20main%20components%20of%20a%20drawing%20die,%20such%20as%2

17、0upper%20dies,%20lower%20dies%20and%20blank%20holders,%20%20upon%20users%20input%20of%20design%20information%20of%20blank%20lines,%20die%20faces,%20punch%20open%20lines,%20press%20data,%20and%20types%20of%20subcomponents%20such%20as%20hooks,%20guides,%20and%20stopper%20seats.%20This%20die%20design%2

18、0system%20is%20built%20on%20top%20of%20CATIA%20V5,%20and%20makes%20use%20of%20its%20built-in%20modules,%20including%20%20Part%20Design%20Automation%20and%20Scripting%20and%20Knowledge%20Advisor%20Our%20system%20also%20includes%20an%20inference%20engine,%20and%20user%20interfaces.%20We%20use%20drawin

19、g%20dies%20for%20trunk%20lid%20outer%20panels%20and%20engine%20hood%20outer%20panels%20as%20concrete%20examples%20to%20showcase%20the%20power%20of%20our%20system.%20Experimental%20results%20show%20that%20our%20system%20can%20improve%20the%20design%20quality%20and%20reduce%20the%20design%20time%20and

20、%20cost._%202007%20Elsevier%20Ltd.%20All%20rights%20reserved.%20%20Keywords:%20Drawing%20dies;%20Design%20system;%20CAD;%20Knowledge%20base;%20parametric%20modeling%20%201.%20Introduction%20%20Press%20parts,%20such%20as%20frames,%20bodies,%20and%20doors,%20are%20widely%20used%20in%20the%20automotive

21、%20industry.%20In%20order%20for%20a%20manufacturer%20%20to%20survive%20in%20todays%20competitive%20market,%20the%20development%20process%20of%20a%20vehicle%20needs%20to%20be%20carried%20out%20in%20an%20efficient%20and%20effective%20way%20in%20order%20to%20meet%20customersexpectation.%20Die%20design%

22、20is%20part%20of%20the%20critical%20path%20of%20the%20entire%20development%20process.%20There%20are%20three%20categories%20of%20stamping%20dies,%20based%20on%20their%20functionalities:%20drawing%20dies,%20trimming%20dies,%20and%20bending%20dies.%20Since%20most%20stamping%20dies%20for%20automotive%20

23、sheet%20metals%20are%20big%20and%20complex,%20the%20stamping%20die%20design%20process%20is%20very%20time-consuming.%20%20Recently,%20as%20a%20result%20of%20the%20fast%20development%20of%20computer%20technology%20and%20of%203D%20CAD%20software,%203D%20CAD%20software%20has%20been%20widely%20used%20in%

24、20designing%20drawing%20dies.%20A%20solid%20model%20offers%20users%20an%20intuitive%20and%20concrete%20view%20of%20the%20die%20in%20design,%20which%20fundamentally%20reduced%20design%20time.%20However,%20most%203D%20CAD%20software%20only%20provides%20users%20with%20geometric%20modeling%20functions%2

25、0for%20constructing%20a%20solid%20model,%20but%20fails%20to%20offer%20a%20powerful%20design%20knowledge%20base,%20which%20is%20essential%20to%20assist%20engineers%20in%20accomplishing%20the%20design%20task.%20%20As%20a%20result,%20the%20developments%20of%20automated,%20knowledge%20base%20and%20intel

26、ligent%20design%20systems%20are%20studied%20by%20researchers%20from%20around%20the%20world.%20Myung%20and%20Han%20(2001)%20developed%20an%20expert%20system%20based%20on%20a%20configuration%20design%20method.%20This%20system%20allows%20users%20to%20design%20mechanical%20products%20in%20a%203D%20envir

27、onment.%20Roh%20and%20Lee%20(2006)%20proposed%20a%20hull%20structural%20modeling%20system%20for%20ship%20design,%20which%20was%20developed%20using%20C+%20and%20built%20on%20top%20of%203D%20CAD%20software.%20Lee,%20Hsu,%20and%20Su%20(1999)%20developed%20a%20parametric%20computer-aided%20die%20design%

28、20system%20for%20cold%20forging%20using%20Auto-LISP.%20In%20order%20to%20make%20the%20modeling%20process%20more%20efficient,%20Kong%20et%20al.%20(2003)%20developed%20a%20Windows%20native%203D%20plastic%20injection%20mold%20design%20system%20based%20on%20Solid%20Works%20using%20Visual%20C+.%20Chu,%20

29、Song,%20and%20Luo%20(2006)%20developed%20a%20Computer%20aided%20parametric%20design%20system%20for%203D%20tire%20mold%20production%20in%20CATIA%20using%20CAA.%20%20In%20the%20stamping%20die%20design%20area,%20Cheok%20and%20Nee%20(1998)%20developed%20a%20knowledge%20based%20strip%20layout%20design%20

30、system%20in%20AutoCAD.%20Taking%20advantage%20of%20neural%20network%20and%20CAD%20%200957-4174/$%20-%20see%20front%20matter%20_%202007%20Elsevier%20Ltd.%20All%20rights%20reserved.%20%20doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2007.01.024%20%20*%20Corresponding%20author.%20Tel.:%20+886%2076%206011000;%20fax:%20+886%207%20

31、6011066.%20%20E-mail%20addresses:%20bt_.tw%20(B.-T.%20Lin),%20u9314805%20%20&langpair=en|zh-CN 查看字典詳細(xì)內(nèi)容知識基礎(chǔ)包括設(shè)計過程和設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則。設(shè)計過程為每一個子組件進行大體的設(shè)計和建模流程。設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則用來確定每個子組件的數(shù)量，位置和大小。在設(shè)計知識基礎(chǔ)里，模具系統(tǒng)地分為組件和子組件；33個子類別的42種不同類型列在我們的系統(tǒng)里。對各種各樣子組件之間關(guān)系的理解對于為每個子組件獲取一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑O(shè)計流程是至關(guān)重要的。為子組件的詳細(xì)建模過程以及幾何操作在這些程序中的使用在知識

32、基礎(chǔ)里是有效的。此外，設(shè)計指南和三維圖形隨著設(shè)計參數(shù)以逐項文字和公式的形式存儲為電子書，用來培訓(xùn)，調(diào)試以及參考。設(shè)計數(shù)據(jù)庫提供子組件和沖壓機的規(guī)格。子組件規(guī)格指定每個子組件的大小，而沖壓機指定上下模板的大小，模具高度的最大值和最小值，最大模具寬度，以及T槽和墊腳孔和墊腳桿的位置和大小。設(shè)計數(shù)據(jù)庫有44種子組件設(shè)計規(guī)格，分為33種類別。各組件的設(shè)計規(guī)格以二維圖表的形式表達。另外每個圖表跟隨一個用來概述相關(guān)形狀參數(shù)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺寸的表格。設(shè)計數(shù)據(jù)庫提供四套以二維圖表表達的印刷機規(guī)格。為了便于檢修，所有設(shè)計數(shù)據(jù)庫的信息都以電子書的形式存儲起來。我們的系統(tǒng)是在Windows XP操作系統(tǒng)基于CATIA V5

33、計算機輔助設(shè)計軟件開發(fā)的。這個系統(tǒng)是在個人計算機上使用而設(shè)計的，并且是在使用CATIA軟件建立的單元下開發(fā)的。部件設(shè)計的模數(shù)對于構(gòu)造三維模型程序的控制和執(zhí)行是可靠的。因此這個單元是用來構(gòu)建推斷坐標(biāo)的。這個知識顧問單元允許使用者把相關(guān)的知識嵌入設(shè)計之中，從而可以提高設(shè)計工程師的效率。子組件選擇器利用公式編輯和規(guī)則編輯功能能，而狀態(tài)計算器利用設(shè)計表格功能。自動化技術(shù)和腳本單元為計算機輔助設(shè)計軟件提供一個可以用戶定制的界面。模型發(fā)生器利用VBA為發(fā)生實體模型編寫程序。用戶界面同樣可以利用VBA來構(gòu)建包括文字?jǐn)?shù)字和圖形的輸入界面。該系統(tǒng)是建立在CATIA的CAD系統(tǒng)之上并且利用CATIA的各種內(nèi)置的模

34、塊。一旦用戶輸入設(shè)計信息，我們的系統(tǒng)就能以高效的，靈活的方式自動生成圖紙模具的主要組成部分的實體模型設(shè)計。圖5顯示了建模過程。建模過程的每個步驟在下面幾個部分會詳細(xì)介紹。汽車行業(yè)的拉伸模是非常大的并具有非常復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)。并且每個子組件有它自己擁有的功能。因此，在開發(fā)設(shè)計系統(tǒng)之前，我們收集了各種汽車金屬薄板的拉伸模的結(jié)構(gòu)，并且分析它們的架構(gòu)和功能。圖6顯示了一個基于它們功能的典型的拉伸模子部件的分類。參數(shù)化模具設(shè)計系統(tǒng)把一個模具的常變化的尺寸規(guī)格看作是參數(shù)，并且用賦給各個參數(shù)適當(dāng)?shù)闹祦懋a(chǎn)生最后的設(shè)計，而這些參數(shù)是基于采自設(shè)計方針和詳細(xì)說明書的設(shè)計公式，規(guī)定參數(shù)以及表格。但是某些數(shù)據(jù)和子組件，就像沖

35、壓機，掛鉤，導(dǎo)架，以及制動器部位，因為它們的多樣的結(jié)構(gòu)，不能僅僅依靠改變它們的設(shè)計參數(shù)來設(shè)計。因此，我們?yōu)閾碛型瑯庸δ艿乃凶咏M件提前建立一個樣本模具的界面和結(jié)構(gòu)，這些功能是基于設(shè)計方針和詳細(xì)說明書。設(shè)計過程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的目的是為了給設(shè)計模具提供一個有規(guī)律的方式。因為CAD系統(tǒng)擁有它自己的模型建立程序，設(shè)計子組件的規(guī)格和位置還不能確定，直到某些子組件的規(guī)格和位置已經(jīng)確定不變。一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的設(shè)計流程，就像圖7顯示的那樣，是基于各個子組件的設(shè)計方針和詳細(xì)說明書以及這些子組件的因果關(guān)系產(chǎn)生的。這個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的程序是用來引導(dǎo)樣本模具的主要組成部分的設(shè)計，例如它們的結(jié)構(gòu)和最初的規(guī)格，以及在一個主要組成部分上的最初規(guī)格和

36、位置。4一旦獲得了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的設(shè)計程序，一個基于設(shè)計程序的特征層次圖和樣本模具就建立了，就像圖8和9顯示的那樣。一個典型模具的外貌是由幾千個表面組成的。為了確保樣本模具的穩(wěn)定性，就用簡單模具的表面來構(gòu)成樣本模具。由于拉伸模的不同子組件擁有同樣的功能，所有同樣功能的合適子組件結(jié)構(gòu)必須在建立樣本模具的時候預(yù)先建立。當(dāng)建立一個模具的實體模型時，僅僅被選的子組件應(yīng)該正式建成了。所有沒有被選中的子組件應(yīng)該停止使用。圖8 拉伸模的層樹圖圖9 樣板模具當(dāng)構(gòu)建樣本模具的時候，設(shè)計工程師應(yīng)該利用所有可以利用的參數(shù)和預(yù)先設(shè)定的規(guī)格。參數(shù)的數(shù)量對設(shè)計靈活性有著直接的影響。在大多數(shù)情況下，在設(shè)計過程中減少參數(shù)的數(shù)量這使得程

37、序更加簡潔。因此，對于整個設(shè)計過程，適當(dāng)數(shù)量的參數(shù)是至關(guān)重要的。所有變化的尺寸被視為參數(shù)，參數(shù)的值可以根據(jù)設(shè)計要求而改變。由于尺寸參數(shù)的值不能非正的，所有可能的情況應(yīng)該加以考慮以避免任何潛在的問題，尤其是各種子組件之間有因果關(guān)系。在我們的自動設(shè)計系統(tǒng)有幾百個參數(shù)，它要求一個系統(tǒng)地命名方案，這樣參數(shù)可以很好的被管理以便編碼和調(diào)試。在我們系統(tǒng)中使用的參數(shù)名稱由兩部分組成：部分屬于該參數(shù)的名稱，部分是維度的名稱?；趨?shù)的功能，它們可以分為形狀參數(shù)和位置參數(shù)。形狀參數(shù)可以進一步劃分為獨立參數(shù)和相關(guān)的參數(shù)。獨立參數(shù)僅僅需要滿足設(shè)計方針，而相關(guān)的參數(shù)是由雙方的設(shè)計規(guī)范和任何有關(guān)獨立的參數(shù)決定。以圖3所示

38、的螺栓型鉤作為例子，鉤子的螺栓直徑，d，是一個獨立參數(shù)，而其他量例如Y，X，r，t，l和R，是相關(guān)的參數(shù)。一旦參數(shù)已經(jīng)確定，各參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系需要基于設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則和詳細(xì)說明書的制定。這些關(guān)系進一步轉(zhuǎn)化成為方案。方案分成三個層次用來方便設(shè)計過程。以螺栓型鉤作為例子，第一層的目的是選擇基于設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則的子組件。這一層方案利用兩個CATIA V5內(nèi)置的規(guī)則編輯器和公式編輯器模塊，來把設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則分別轉(zhuǎn)化成為約束和公式，用來確定子組件的數(shù)量，位置和規(guī)格，如圖10所示的a和b。這個方案的第二個層次是為計算模具的形狀參數(shù)的值負(fù)責(zé)。這個層次利用CATIA V5內(nèi)置的模塊，用來構(gòu)建基于各子組件設(shè)計規(guī)范的模具的設(shè)計表格。因此

39、，方案的這個層次可以使用設(shè)計表格和相關(guān)的獨立參數(shù)來確定相關(guān)的參數(shù)，如圖10c所示。這個方案的第三個層次是用來構(gòu)造模型。用VBA寫的，方案的這個層次用來提供一個基于上述兩個層次的類型和規(guī)格的子組件建模程序，如圖10d所示。圖10 方案設(shè)計用戶界面允許用戶在一個直觀的和互動的的方式下完成設(shè)計過程。在我們系統(tǒng)中使用的用戶界面可以分為兩種類別。第一類是用于輸入圖形信息，如空行，模具外形，和POLs。這種界面使用的是替換，是CATIA V5的一個內(nèi)置的功能。以下是更換樣品圖像信息的程序。首先，啟動自動設(shè)計系統(tǒng)，并把需要的圖形信息加載到設(shè)計環(huán)境中。點擊樣品圖形信息的層次的樹形關(guān)系，如圖11b所示。選擇模具

40、所需要的圖形信息，然后單擊確定。當(dāng)它在更新的時候，模具的顏色變?yōu)榧t色，如圖11c所示。 圖11 圖表數(shù)據(jù)替換程序的界面 （a）加載一個圖標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)（b）激活替換窗口（c）更新準(zhǔn)備第二類是用于輸入字母數(shù)字信息，例如各種類型的新聞資料，引導(dǎo)機制，和鉤以及行程終點，如圖12所示。實施使用VBA，有一個下拉菜單可以允許用戶為模具選擇合適的子組件的類型。設(shè)計工程師只需要所需要的沖壓機和子組件的類型，并單擊確定，系統(tǒng)能夠自動完成設(shè)計。圖12 字母數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)界面我們使用一個行李箱蓋外板的拉絲模的設(shè)計作為一個具體的例子來展現(xiàn)我們系統(tǒng)地能力。當(dāng)系統(tǒng)啟動的時候，樣板模具的一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的結(jié)構(gòu)圖就被顯示出來，如圖13a所示。在

41、接收到用戶的圖形信息，我們的系統(tǒng)使用CATIA內(nèi)置的替換功能，來替換樣品模具的使用層樹的圖形信息，如圖13b所示。然后，用戶開始輸入字母數(shù)字信息，如各樣的沖壓機，引導(dǎo)機制，鉤子，以及行程終點，如圖13c所示。當(dāng)用戶點擊確定，我們的系統(tǒng)基于設(shè)計流程準(zhǔn)則和規(guī)范的設(shè)計。拉伸模的最終設(shè)計如圖13d所示。圖14顯示了兩種不同的拉伸模的比較，一個是行李箱蓋外板的拉伸模另一個是發(fā)動機罩外板的拉伸模，以顯示我們系統(tǒng)可處理廣泛的設(shè)計。圖13 提案制的設(shè)計流程圖14 模具結(jié)構(gòu)的比較這篇文章為拉伸模介紹了一個自動化設(shè)計系統(tǒng)，這個系統(tǒng)是建立在CATIA CAD軟件之上的。當(dāng)在設(shè)計工程師接受初始設(shè)計信息的時候，例如空行

42、，模具外形，POLs，和新聞資料以及各種鉤子，導(dǎo)向機構(gòu)，終點位置，系統(tǒng)能夠自動產(chǎn)生模具主要組成部分的最終設(shè)計，例如上模，下模，和壓邊圈。設(shè)計公式和模型工序的幾何操作被系統(tǒng)使用CATIA V5內(nèi)置的單元來生成，例如Part Design, Autom and Scripting, and Knowledge Advisor。實驗結(jié)果表明我們的系統(tǒng)在設(shè)計行李箱蓋板和發(fā)動機罩板拉伸模的時候，已經(jīng)成功地把設(shè)計時間從幾個工作日減少了不到一個小時，這樣節(jié)省了大量的程序調(diào)試時間和成本，并且獲得了很高的生產(chǎn)效率和設(shè)計的機動性。在未來，我們的系統(tǒng)里可以引進一個最優(yōu)化單元，這樣可以使它輸出最優(yōu)的設(shè)計。而且，由于我

43、們的系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在只能處理拉伸模，我們將擴展我們的系統(tǒng)能夠設(shè)計沖模和壓彎模。參考文獻Cheok, B. T., & Nee, A. Y. C. (1998). Trends and developments in the automation of design and manufacture of tools for metal stampings. Journal of Materials Processin Technolog ,75,240252.Chu, C. H., Song, M. C., & Luo, C. S. (2006). Computer aided parametric d

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47、em for computer-aided process planning in shipbuilding. Advances in Engineering Software, 37, 457476.Singh, R., & Sekhou, G. S. (1999). An expert system for optional selection of a press for a sheet metal operation. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 86, 131138.Tisza, M. (1995). Expert syst

48、em for metal forming. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 53, 423432.Wick, C., Benedict, J. T., & Veilleux, R. F. (1984). Tool and manufacturing engineer shandbook (Vol. 2). Dearborn, Michigan, USA: Forming, Society of Manufacturing Engineers. 附件2：外文資料原文下面是贈送的合同范本，不需要的可以編輯刪除！教育機構(gòu)勞動合同范本 為大家整理

49、提供，希望對大家有一定幫助。 一、_ 培訓(xùn)學(xué)校聘請_ 籍_ (外文姓名)_ (中文姓名)先生/女士/小姐為_ 語教師，雙方本著友好合作精神，自愿簽訂本合同并保證認(rèn)真履行合同中約定的各項義務(wù)。 二、合同期自_ 年_ 月_ 日起_ 年_ 月_ 日止。 三、受聘方的工作任務(wù)(另附件1 ) 四、受聘方的薪金按小時計，全部以人民幣支付。 五、社會保險和福利： 1.聘方向受聘方提供意外保險。(另附2 ) 2.每年聘方向受聘期滿的教師提供一張_ 至_ 的來回機票(金額不超過人民幣_ 元整)或教師憑機票報銷_ 元人民幣。 六、聘方的義務(wù)： 1.向受聘方介紹中國有關(guān)法律、法規(guī)和聘方有關(guān)工作制度以及有關(guān)外國專家的管理規(guī)定。 2.對受聘方提供必要的工作條件。 3.對受聘方的工作進行指導(dǎo)、檢查和評估。 4.按時支付受聘方的報酬。 七、受聘方的義務(wù)： 1.遵守中國的法律、法規(guī)，不干預(yù)中國的內(nèi)部事務(wù)。 2.遵守聘方的工作制度和有關(guān)外國專家的管理規(guī)定，接受聘方的工作安排、業(yè)務(wù)指導(dǎo)、檢查和評估。未經(jīng)聘方同意，不得兼任與聘方無關(guān)的其他勞務(wù)。 3.按期完成工作任務(wù)，保證工作質(zhì)量。 4.遵守中國的宗教政策，不從事與專家身份不符的活動。 5.遵守中國人民的道德規(guī)范和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。 八、合同的變更、解除和終止： 1.雙方應(yīng)信守合同，未經(jīng)雙方一致同意，任何一方不得擅自更改、解除和終止合同。 2.經(jīng)當(dāng)事人雙