大學(xué)英語教案 Unit17

1、Unit 7I. Background information：1KFC: Kentucky Fried Chicken, known as KFC in the US, is the worlds most popular chicken restaurant chain. The company originated and still has its headquarters in the US. It now has more than 30,000 restaurants worldwide. For more information, check out KFCs homepage

2、 at HYPERLINK .2Blakes Thames: Blake, William (1757 - 1827) was an English poet and artist whose best known books of poems are Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. The quotation used in Passage A comes from the first verse of a poem called “London.” More information about William Blake can be

3、 found from links at /penn/blake1.htm . Collections of his works can be found at HYPERLINK .3. The Thames The Thames is the main river flowing through London, and Englands most important river. For more information, check out the website at http:/www.riverthames.co.uk . 4. 911: This is the emergency

4、 telephone number in the US and Candada for contacting the police department, the fire department or medical emergency services.II. Text Analysis: Main idea and devices for developing it1. Main idea of the text? One night two armed young men robbed me of money, watch and even KFC. Next day, I went t

5、o look through the mug shots at the police station, affected with the impression that these young men, like a raging current, were eating at the foundations of what we had held dear.2. Devices for developing it?Narration (敘事法)Example: “Wheres your money? Wheres your money”(對話) he barked. Everything

6、he said during our encounter was repeated; instinctively, I did the same. (描寫) (Para. 4) “Its in my wallet. Its in my wallet,” I said. (對話) (Para. 5) He moved behind me, put his gun on my neck and began to search my trousers pockets. (敘事) (Para. 6)Description (描寫法)Example 1 : Just then, his partner

7、appeared. Slight and shorter, he held an enlarged blue steel pistol. His dark eyes shone like polished glass; his arms and legs moved unexpectedly, as if attached to unseen wires. (Para. 13)Chinese: 就在這時，他的同伙出現(xiàn)了。他很瘦小，手持一支加大的藍(lán)色鋼制手槍。他深色的眼睛里閃著光，好似擦亮了的玻璃；他手臂和雙腿冷不防地移動著，就好像是連著看不見的電線似的。（第13段）Example 2: Tur

8、ning those pages and studying their photographs is like flowing on a sad current that, like Blakes Thames, seems to “mark in every face, marks weakness, marks of woe.”(Para. 32)Chinese: 一張張翻看并研讀這些照片，仿佛漂流在一條令人傷心的河流上，就像身處英國詩人布萊克筆下的泰晤士河畔，似乎“看見每一個過往行人滿臉饑色，滿臉愁苦” 。（第32段）Dialogue (對話法)Example 1: (Para. 7-1

9、1) “Wheres your wallet?” he asked. “Its in my back pocket.” “Wheres the rest of your money?” “I dont have any more money.” “Wheres your watch?”Chinese: “你的錢包呢？” 他問。 “在后面的口袋里。” “還有呢？” “我就這么多錢了?！?“你的手表呢？” （第7 到11 段）Example 2: (Para 20-23) “Whats this?” the big one asked. I rolled my head to the right.

10、 “Its KFC chickens,” I said. “Well take it,” the big one snapped.Chinese: “這是什么？” 大個子問道。 我把頭轉(zhuǎn)向右邊。 “是肯德基炸雞，”我說。 “我們把它帶走，”大個子厲聲說道。（第20 到23 段）3. Main idea of each part and devices for developing it?Part I (Para. 1): Main idea: In spite of my caution, someone attacked me.Devices for developing it: Descr

11、iption of sequential actions (動作順序法) Key words: being cautious; scan the street before pulling in; walking out of the garage; a man emerged and put his gun at meExample: Like most city folks, Im cautious. I scan the street and pathways for anything or anyone unusual before pulling into the garage. T

12、hat night was no exception. But, as I walked out of the garage, KFC chicken in hand, a portly, unshaven young man in a stocking cap and dark nylon jacket emerged from the shrub by the parking pad and put his pistol between my eyes. Chinese: 和大多數(shù)城里人一樣，我非常小心謹(jǐn)慎。在把車開進(jìn)車庫前，我會掃視街道和周圍的小路，看看有沒有異常的人或東西。那天晚上也不

13、例外?？墒钱?dāng)我手里拿著肯德基炸雞走出車庫時，一個肥壯、留著短髭、頭戴絨線帽、身穿深色尼龍夾克的年輕人從停車處旁邊的灌木叢中鉆出來，把手槍頂在我的雙眼之間。Part II (Para.2-27): Main idea: I was robbed by two young men, losing my money, watch and chicken. Devices for developing it: Combination of narration-description-dialogue (敘事-描寫-對話結(jié)合法) Example: His voice snapped, “Stop loo

14、king at us. Stop looking at us.”(描寫-對話) He wasnt stupid. Ive seen enough criminal trials to know victims of armed attacks are seldom able to identify their offenders because their attention focuses on the guns, rather than on their users. I consciously noted details of their faces. (描寫) ” Im not loo

15、king at you,” I lied as the big one ripped the watch from my wrist.(對話-敘事) “Get down. Get down,” the thin one ordered. He grabbed my glasses and tossed them onto the lawn.(對話-敘事)Chinese： 他厲聲說道，“不許朝我們看，不許朝我們看?！?(描寫-對話) 他并不蠢。我看過許多刑事審判，因而知道在那些武裝襲擊的受害者中，很少有人能夠辨認(rèn)出那些襲擊他們的人，因為他們的注意力全集中在槍上，而沒有放在持槍人身上。我有意識地留

16、意了一下他們面部的細(xì)節(jié)。 (描寫) “我沒有看你們?！碑?dāng)那個大個子劫匪把手表從我的手腕上扯下來時，我撒了個謊。 (對話-敘事) “趴下，趴下，” 那小個子命令我，并一把摘下了我的眼鏡，把它扔到了草坪上。 (對話-敘事)Part III (Para.28-30): Main idea: Back at home, I reported the robbery to the police and they inquired into the case. Devices for developing it: Description of sequential actions (動作順序法)Analy

17、sis: The set of actions leading to the main idea: got up, found the keys, entered his house and called 911; the police took a note and sent a police car; had a drink, the policemen came and took; he reported to the policePart IV (Para.31-34): Main idea: When looking through the mug shots at the stat

18、ion, I began to reflect on the damages these young people have done to our society.Devices for developing it: Description (描寫法)- description of my feelings and reflectionsExample: Para.33 (Description of my reflection) Together, these young men are a kind of river one that is out of control, eating

19、at the foundations of things we hold dear: our freedom to move about; the fruits of labor; our own lives and those of people we value. Some day, we will have to face this river and seek the depths of its discontent.Chinese：這些年輕人聚合在一起構(gòu)成了一條河流一條已經(jīng)失去控制的河流，這條河流正吞噬著我們所珍視的東西的基礎(chǔ)：我們的行動自由；我們的勞動果實；我們的生命，以及那些我們

20、尊敬的人的生命?？傆幸惶欤覀儗⒉坏貌幻鎸@條河流，并探索其對現(xiàn)實不滿的深層原因。III. Expressions & PatternsExpressions1. face to face (with): 面對面的/地 e.g. Theyve had a lot of online chatting, but they never had a face-to-face conversation.他們常常在網(wǎng)上交談,但從來沒有過面談。 2. to scan the street and pathways for anything (L. 1): 掃視街道與小路看看 e.g. With a new

21、spaper on hand, many young men first scan it for the names of their favorite stars, and then glance at the other news. 拿到報紙，許多年輕人首先要找他們喜歡的明x星的名字，然后才會瀏覽其它消息。3. to be no exception (L. 2): 也不例外 e.g. To err is human, and nobody can be an exception. 人都會出錯，沒有人例外。 4. to emerge from the shrub (L. 4): 從灌木叢中鉆

22、出來 e.g. Finally, the truth emerged from behind the numerous confusing facts and materials. 真相終于從大量紛亂的事實與材料之中顯露出來。 5. to be cautious of (L.1): 對謹(jǐn)慎的(非常小心的；細(xì)心的) e.g. As the examples of their children, parents need to be cautious of their behaviors and speeches. 作為自己孩子的榜樣，父母言行需謹(jǐn)慎。 6. to pull into (L. 2)

23、: （車）?？?，駛向（一旁） e.g. The bus pulled into the opening at the side of the road to let the cars pass. 公交車開到路邊的空地上，讓那些小汽車通過。 7as if (L. 23)：似乎，仿佛 e.g. She opened her lips as if to say something but stopped . 她張了張嘴，欲言又止。 8. to attach to (L.23): 系在上，連接到 e.g. Attach the handle to the box. 把這個把手裝到箱子上。 9. to

24、focus on (L. 26): 集中（于某事物） e.g. I dont know why I am so tired that I can not focus my attention on anything in class today. 我不知道今天怎么這么累，在課堂上注意力怎么也集中不起來。 10. rather than (L 27): 而不，不愿， e.g. I think Ill have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我想要一杯冷飲，而不是咖啡。 e.g. I want to see a funny program but not a s

25、erious one. I enjoy laughing rather than crying. 我想看輕松的節(jié)目，而不是嚴(yán)肅的節(jié)目。我喜歡笑而不是哭。 11to have mercy on sb. (L. 33): 可憐某人 e.g. The seized soldier appealed to his enemy to have mercy on him. 被俘的士兵乞求敵人寬恕他。 12to turn to (L. 41): 轉(zhuǎn)向(求助于) e.g. Turning to drink to free you of worries tends to make your mood worse

26、.借酒澆愁愁更愁。 13. to get to ones feet (L. 45): 站起來 e.g. It is a custom in China to get to ones feet to greet visitors. 站起來迎接客人是中國人的習(xí)俗。 14. to look through (L. 52): 瀏覽，仔細(xì)查看 e.g. Ill look through my notes but I dont think I have a record of his name. 我會仔細(xì)看一下我的筆記，可我覺得我沒有記下他的名字。 e.g. Look through your exami

27、nation paper for any small mistakes before you hand it in. 交卷前，好好檢查一下你的試卷，看看有沒有小錯。 15. to be out of control (L. 59): 失去控制 e.g. The fire is burning out of control. 火勢已經(jīng)失去控制。 16. to eat (away) at (L. 59): 逐漸毀掉，侵蝕 e.g. The river is eating away at the bank. 這條河流正慢慢侵蝕著河堤。 17. to hold sb./sth. dear (L. 60

28、): 極愛某人或某物 e.g. Honor and opportunity in life I hold dear; morality and principle I hold dearer. 我珍愛生活中的榮譽(yù)與機(jī)遇，但更珍視生活中的道義與原則。 18. to seek the depths of its discontent (L. 61): 探索其對現(xiàn)實不滿的深層原因 e.g. Sociologists are working hard to seek the depths of the increasing rate of violence crime among youngsters

29、. 社會學(xué)家們正在努力探索青少年暴力犯罪率不斷上升的深層原因。Patterns for you to use as models1. Typical patterns for concurrence:Example 1: As I spoke, I set the KFC box on the planter beside the pathway. (L. 7)句型提煉: As sb did sth, sb/someone else did sth else. 應(yīng)用: a. 警察從前門沖進(jìn)大樓的時候，這群小偷從后門逃走了。 As the police were entering the bui

30、lding from the front entrance, the thieves escaped through the back door. b. 警察一邊喊著：“不許動！”， 一邊拔槍。 As he shouted: “Freeze!”, the policeman pulled out his pistol.Example 2: “Here,” I replied, extending my left arm sideways. (L. 19) 句型提煉: Sb does/did sth, doing sth else. 應(yīng)用: a. 妻子一邊開門，一邊說她再也不回這個家了。 The

31、 wife opened the door, saying she would never return to this home. b. 父親一邊威脅著要教訓(xùn)他不爭氣的兒子，一邊舉起了手中的鞭子。 The father threatened to teach his shameful son a good lesson, raising the whip in his hand. 2. Typical patterns for simile Example 1: His dark eyes shone like polished glass. (L. 22) Example 2:Turnin

32、g those pages and studying their photographs is like flowing on a sad current (L. 56)句型提煉: Sb/Sth does sth like sth. 某人/某物做某事，好像/好似一樣。 Doing sth is like / just the same as (doing) sth else.做某事仿佛(做)另一件事一樣。應(yīng)用: a. 她漂亮的長發(fā)從肩頭垂下，好似一條黑色的瀑布。 Her beautiful long hair fell down over her shoulders like a black

33、waterfall. b. 學(xué)如逆水行舟，不進(jìn)則退。 Learning is like rowing upstream; you either struggle forward or drop behind.3. Typical patterns for suggestionExample: Presently, all we can do is look at smug shots and stick our fingers in the dam. (L. 63)句型提煉: All (that) sb could/can do is (to) do sth. 某人所能做的事是應(yīng)用: a. 作

34、為大學(xué)生，你現(xiàn)在所能做的事情就是全身心地獲取知識。As a student, all youve got to do now at college is to put all your heart into acquiring knowledge.b. 在抗擊非典的戰(zhàn)斗中，一個普通公民所能做的就是堅守崗位，更加努力地工作。During the battle against SARS, all an ordinary citizen could do was stick to his / her post and work harder.VI. Reading Skills1. Introduc

35、tion：Reading Between the LinesReading between the lines means drawing understanding about the authors ideas from what is written and from what is not written. Writers dont always express all their thoughts openly, either as a matter of style, or because they assume we know and share their opinions-o

36、r because they arent sure how to express themselves. To draw inferences about the authors ideas we have to be very careful with what is advised. 1) You have to make use of context clues, common sense and our knowledge of the world 2) Connect ideas and draw conclusion from the reading passage3) Form

37、and test what you have understood between the lines. The reading act is a two-way communication between the reader and the writer about understanding, forming ideas, testing your ideas during the reading of the passage, correcting or changing your own ideas and understanding and, finally, you are ab

38、le to get what the writer is driving at or communicating.2. Examples: now here are some more examples taken from passage A. 1. “Hey,” I said, “just take it.” As I spoke, I set the KFC box on the planter beside the pathway, contriving as I did so to toss my house keys into a bush. (Para. 3, Passage A

39、) Question: Why did the writer toss his house keys into a bush? Possible answer: He would not let the robbers to have his keys to the house.2. He wasnt stupid. Ive seen enough criminal trials to know victims of armed attacks are seldom able to identify their offenders because their attention focuses

40、 on the guns, rather than on their users. I consciously noted details of their faces. (Para. 15, Passage A) Question: Do you think the writer was stupid, too? Possible answer: No. The writer was careful enough to note details of the robbers so that he could identify them later if possible.Section B

41、I. language points 1. advocate: vt. 主張，倡導(dǎo) e.g. People running for president often advocate reducing taxes. 競選總統(tǒng)的人往往主張減稅。 2. Ignorance: n. 無知，不了解 e.g. Someone who has little official education may show ignorance of history, butbe very knowledgeable about practical matters. 一些沒有受過正規(guī)教育的人可能對歷史一無所知，但對于實際

42、的事情卻知道很多。 e.g. Sometimes children do dangerous things out of ignorance. 有時孩子們出于無知會做出些危險的事情。 3. Previous: a. 先前的，之前的 e.g. He said during the previous year the company suffered heavy losses. 他說在過去的一年中公司損失很大。 4. immune to: 對不在意，不受影響 e.g. The president seems to be immune to complaints. 總統(tǒng)似乎對批評毫不在意。 5. b

43、e affected by: 受影響 e.g. The president said that his governments stand would not be affected by outside pressure. 總統(tǒng)說外界壓力不能改變他的政府的立場。 6. be capable of: 有能力做某事 e.g. He is capable of doing these experiments. 他能做這些實驗。 7. intention: n. 目的，意圖 e.g. If I hurt your feelings, it was without intention. 如果我傷害了你

44、的感情，那不是有意的。 e.g. I went to New York with the intention of seeing my brother. 我去紐約為的是看望我兄弟。 8. omit: v. 排除，刪除 e.g. The news article omitted some important details. 這篇新聞報道有意刪除了一些重要的細(xì)節(jié)。 9. reveal: v. 反映，透露，披露 e.g. Some women do not want to reveal their true ages.有些婦女不愿透露她們的真實年齡。 10. at the sight of: 一看

45、見，一看到 e.g. She cried at the sight of dogs. 她一看見狗就叫了起來。 11. bet: v. 打賭，下賭注，肯定 e.g. Did you bet on the winner of the World Cup football game? 你在世界杯足球賽的獲勝球隊上下賭注了沒有？ e.g. You will succeed, I bet. 我肯定你會成功。III. Translation Passage B在手槍脅迫之下和大多數(shù)城里人一樣，我非常小心謹(jǐn)慎。在把車開進(jìn)車庫前，我會掃視街道和周圍的小路，看看有沒有異常的人或東西。那天晚上也不例外?？墒钱?dāng)我手

46、里拿著肯德基炸雞走出車庫時，一個肥壯、留著短髭、頭戴絨線帽、身穿深色尼龍夾克的年輕人從停車處旁邊的灌木叢中鉆出來，把手槍頂在我的雙眼之間。“交出來，他媽的，”他威脅道，“交出來?！薄班?，”我說，“拿去吧?！蔽乙贿呎f，一邊把肯德基快餐盒放在小路旁邊的播種機(jī)上，同時設(shè)法把我房子的鑰匙扔進(jìn)灌木叢中?！澳愕腻X呢？你的錢呢？”他吼道。在我們遭遇的過程中，他會重復(fù)自己說的每一句話；出于本能，我也同樣重復(fù)著自己的話?！霸谖义X包里，在我錢包里，”我說。他走到我的背后，把槍頂在我的脖子上，開始搜我的褲子口袋。“你的錢包呢？”他問?！霸诤竺娴目诖?。”“還有呢？”“我就這么多錢了?！薄澳愕氖直砟?？”“在這兒，”我

47、邊回答邊把左臂伸向路旁。就在這時，他的同伙出現(xiàn)了。他很瘦小，手持一只加大的藍(lán)色鋼制手槍。他深色的眼睛里閃著光，好似擦亮了的玻璃；他手臂和雙腿冷不防的移動著，就好像是連著看不見的電線似的。他厲聲說道，“不許朝我們看，不許朝我們看?！彼⒉淮馈Ｎ铱催^許多刑事審判，因而知道在那些武裝襲擊的受害者中，很少有人能夠辨認(rèn)出襲擊他們的人，因為他們的注意力全集中在搶上，而沒有放在持槍人上。我有意識的留意了一下他們面部的細(xì)節(jié)?！拔覜]有看你們。”當(dāng)那個大個子劫匪把手表從我的手腕上扯下來時，我撒了個謊?！芭肯?，趴下，”那小個子命令我，并已把摘下了我的眼鏡，把它扔到草坪上。這時，我已面朝下趴在了地上，地上的塵土緊貼著

48、我的前額。那個大個子劫匪用槍頂著我的后腦勺，小個子用手槍頂著我左邊的太陽穴。我當(dāng)時想，“這下完了，他們就要殺死萊斯利了。主啊，可憐可憐我這個有罪的人吧。”“這是什么？”大個子問道。我把頭轉(zhuǎn)向右邊?！笆强系禄u，”我說?！拔覀儼阉鼛ё?，”大個子厲聲說道。接著，突然間劫匪們手里拿著錢包、手表和炸雞他們的腳步聲消失在了黑暗的街道上。我轉(zhuǎn)過身，看見他們的影子鉆進(jìn)了一輛汽車，急速的開走了。他們沒有殺我，但他們?yōu)槭裁催@么做呢？是仁慈？是因為時間太緊顧不上？還是因為饑餓？“多奇怪啊，”我心中暗道，“竟然是炸雞救了我的命。當(dāng)時我看見了死亡，而他們看見了食物?！蔽艺酒鹕韥?，找到了鑰匙，進(jìn)了屋，然后撥通了911。接線員記下了我對劫匪的描述，然后派了輛警車來。我剛為自己倒了一杯烈性酒，兩個穿制服的洛杉磯警察局的警察就到了。他們對此事作了筆錄，說，“幸好，沒有傷人。”“但是，”臨走時一個警察對我說，“他們拿走了你的炸雞，這也實在太不像話了?！焙髞?，一個警察打電話過來詢問另外一些細(xì)節(jié)。他說這兩個劫匪的作案手法表明他們可能就是過去幾個