國(guó)際音標(biāo),基本句型

1、英語(yǔ)國(guó)際音標(biāo)國(guó)際音標(biāo)（舊稱萬(wàn)國(guó)音符）是國(guó)際語(yǔ)音學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)（IPA - International Phonetic Association) 于1888年擬定的一套為各國(guó)語(yǔ)言注音的語(yǔ)音符號(hào)。我們這里所說(shuō)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)是專門為英語(yǔ)注音的那一部分標(biāo)音符號(hào)。目前我國(guó)通用的國(guó)際音標(biāo)共有48個(gè), 其中, 元音音標(biāo)20個(gè)，輔音音標(biāo)28個(gè)。 英語(yǔ)元音 (English vowels) 英語(yǔ)元音音素共20個(gè)。分單元音和雙元音兩大類。a. 前元音：/ i: /, / i /, / e /, / /b. 后元音：/ :/, / /, / :/, / u /, / u: /, /c. 中元音： / : /, / /a.合口

2、雙元音：/ ei /, / ai /, /i/, / au /, / u / b. 集中雙元音：/ i /, / /, / u /單元音分類 （12）雙元音分類 （8）爆破音 / p /, / b /, / t, / d /, / k /, / / 摩擦音 / f /，/ v /，/， / / s /，/ z / , /，/， / h /, / r /破擦音 / t/，/d /，/tr/， /dr/，/ts/，/dz/ 鼻音 /m/ , /n/, / 舌側(cè)音 / l /半元音 / w /, / j / 英語(yǔ)輔音 (English consonants) (共28個(gè)） 句子成分 成分 作用 例句

3、主語(yǔ) S句子所敘述的人或物 The story sounds very interesting. Seeing is believing.謂語(yǔ) V主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) He is writing a letter in the room now.The party began at seven this evening.賓語(yǔ) O動(dòng)作的對(duì)象、承受者This is an English-Chinese dictionary.I enjoy listening to pop music.I showed him my pictures.表語(yǔ) P主語(yǔ)的特征、狀態(tài)或身份All of us are smart

4、.The dinner tastes delicious. 定語(yǔ) 修飾名詞和代詞Those are good novels.The man under the tree is my maths teacher. 狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或句子，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)的狀況He looked unhappy at that time.Suddenly it began to rain.She sat there reading a book.Well go for a picnic if it is fine tomorrow.補(bǔ)語(yǔ)表明主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的特征、狀態(tài)或身份They made him monit

5、or of their class.I heard my name called.I always find her happy.畫出下列句子的句子成分You should work hard.2. The teacher got very angry.3. The nurse looks after the children well.4. At last they reached the village safely.5. The sun keeps us warm.6. Children who eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.7. Joh

6、n has waited at the bus station for nearly half an hour.8. I told him to open the window.9. I wonder where he came from.10. She found the wallet where she lost it. 基本句型主語(yǔ) ( S ) + 謂語(yǔ) (不及物動(dòng)詞 V) He will come tomorrow. The pen writes smoothly. 2. 主語(yǔ) ( S ) + 謂語(yǔ) (及物動(dòng)詞 V ) + 賓語(yǔ) ( O ) Many people bought com

7、puters. Who can tell a story? Our teacher promised to see the movie with me. 3. 主語(yǔ) ( S ) + 謂語(yǔ) (連系動(dòng)詞 V ) + 表語(yǔ) ( P ) 表狀態(tài)的系動(dòng)詞： be 表感觀的系動(dòng)詞：feel smell taste sound look appear become get turn go grow 表延續(xù)的系動(dòng)詞: keep stay remain Jennys face turned red. The food can stay fresh in the refrigerator. 4. 主語(yǔ) ( S )

8、 + 謂語(yǔ) (及物動(dòng)詞 V ) + 間接賓語(yǔ) ( IO ) + 直接賓語(yǔ) ( DO )后接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：give show send hand lend pass offer tell wish write bring take pay allow promise (2) make buy cook get sing choose spare order save She cooked her husband a delicious meal. Can I buy you a coffee? 5. 主語(yǔ) ( S ) + 謂語(yǔ) (及物動(dòng)詞 V ) + 賓語(yǔ) ( O ) + 賓補(bǔ) (OC ) I

9、felt something moving. We are making our country more and more beautiful.判斷下列簡(jiǎn)單句的類型He lost his money on his way home. 2. The time passed quickly.3.We can only spare you one room.4. I noticed Kate reading in the library.5. Everything looks different.6. He is growing tall and strong.7. On my 14th birthday, father bought me a new bike.8. Someone is knocking at the door. 9. Great changes have taken place in