【中考必刷題】02：詞匯填空 -2022年上海中考英語模擬押題試卷 解析版

1、02：詞匯填空-2022年上海中考模擬押題試卷精選分項薈萃第一套Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once （將下列單詞或詞組填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞或詞組只能填一次）A. flying B. colourful C. buy D. chose E. preventsOne day, a father and his son went to a kite flying festival. When they ar

2、rived, there were already many adults and their children playing in the park. When the son saw the sky filled with 16. kites in different shapes, he was excited and wanted to get one, too. His father agreed. So they went to a kite shop and 17. a beautiful one.With the string （線）in hand, the son star

3、ted 18. the kite. Soon, the kite was high up in the sky. After a while, the son said, “Father, it seems that the string 19. the kite from flying higher. If we cut it, it will be free and fly even higher. Can you cut it?” The father didnt reply, but just cut the string off the reel （線軸）.Suddenly, the

4、 kite began to go higher, which made the son much happier.A. stronger B. stay C. surprise D. slowly E. satisfactionHowever, to his 20., the kite was coming down 21. . They waited for quite some time, it fell onto the grass. The son felt upset and asked, “I thought that after cutting the string, the

5、kite would fly higher. Why did it fall down?”The father smiled and said, “The role of the string was not stopping the kite from flying higher, but helping it 22. in the sky because the kite itself cant fly up. By using the string, you help the kite go up the right direction. When you cut the string,

6、 it could not support the kite.In our life, we may sometimes feel like there are certain things that are holding us back and stopping us from growing. But in fact, these might be the things that support us most. We can really grow up and become 23. by realizing the importance of these things.16. B 1

7、7. D 18. A 19. E 20. C 21. D 22. B 23. A【分析】這篇短文主要講述了一位父親和兒子去參加風箏節(jié)，在商店給兒子買了一個風箏，陪兒子放 風箏的故事，從而告訴我們:在我們的生活中，我們有時會覺得有些事情阻礙了我們的發(fā)展， 阻止了我們的成長。但事實上，這些可能是最支持我們的事情。通過認識到這些事情的重要 性，我們可以真正成長并變得更強。句意：當兒子看到天空中布滿了各種形狀的彩色風箏時，他很興奮，也想得到一個。根據(jù)“the sky filled with.kites in different shapes”及備選詞匯可知，此處指的是“彩色的”風箏，故選B。句意：所以

8、他們?nèi)チ孙L箏店，選擇了一個漂亮的風箏。根據(jù)wanted to get one, too. His father agreed. So they went to a kite shop and.a beautiful one.”及備選詞匯可知，此處指的是選擇了 一個漂亮的風箏，故選D。句意：兒子手里拿著風箏線，開始放風箏。根據(jù)With the string （線）in hand, the son started.the kite.”及備選詞匯可知，此處指的是“開始放風箏“，fly a/the kite,故選A。句意：爸爸，似乎繩子阻止風箏飛得更高。根據(jù)“the string. the kite

9、from flying higher. If we cut it, it will be free and fly even higher.”及備選詞匯可知，此處指的是“繩子阻止了“風箏飛的更高, 故選E。句意：然而，令他吃驚的是，風箏正慢慢地降落下來。根據(jù)I thought that after cutting the string, the kite would fly higher.”以及“it fell onto the grass.”及備選詞匯可知，兒子原本以為沒有線風 箏會飛的更高，所以把線剪掉了，但是沒有想到的是風箏卻掉下來了，這是令他驚訝的，to his surprise”令他

10、驚訝的是“，故選Co句意：然而，令他吃驚的是，風箏正慢慢地降落下來。tRiSt4They waited for quite some time, it同1 onto the grass.”及備選詞匯可知，此處指的是風箏慢慢地掉下來了，故選D。句意:繩子的作用不是阻止風箏飛得更高，而是幫助它留在空中，因為風箏本身不能飛起來。 根據(jù)The role of the string was not stopping the kite from flying higher, but helping it.in the sky because the kite itself cant fly up.”及備選

11、詞匯可知，此處指的是繩子幫助風箏停留在空中， 故選Bo句意：通過認識到這些事情的重要性，我們可以真正成長并變得更強。根據(jù)“We can really grow up and become.by realizing the importance of these things.”及備選詞匯可知,此處指的是 我們會變得更強，故選A。第二套短文選詞填空(8分)A. encouraged B. effective C. still D. survey E. experimentIt is often said that the best way to solve a hard problem is t

12、o sleep on it. Is it 32? Anew study shows it is.The scientists at Northwestern University, US, found that sleeping is useful in both strengthening and reorganizing memory. This can help you solve problems.The scientists did a(n) 33 on 57 university students. They asked students to solve difficult pu

13、zzles on the first day. Students worked on each puzzle while listening to different music. The scientists 34 students to remember the music they heard while solving the puzzles. Finally, there were 35 six puzzles that the students hadnt solved.A. active B. proof C. continued D. linked E. comfortably

14、The students then went back home to sleep. They were given special sleep-observing and music boxes. The music boxes played music 36 with the unsolved puzzles while the students fell asleep. At the moment they were able to dream and reorganize their memories.The next morning, the students 37 to try t

15、he unsolved puzzles. The scientists found percent more students could solve them. The music made the memories they had of the puzzles while they were sleeping 38. It allowed them to Vork on the puzzles in their sleep.In an earlier time, studies of both people and animals have shown that sleep can no

16、t only strengthen memory, but also help us organize and send information. This study offers more39 of these findings. So next time when you face a difficult problem, sleep on it. Play some music to make yourself think of the problem.【答案】32. B 33. E 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主

17、要介紹了科學家做了一個實驗證明了考慮一晚問題更有利于解 決問題。句意：它有效嗎？根據(jù)空前的It is often said that the best way to solve a hard problem is to sleep on it.”以及備選項可知，此處是對前面提出的想法提問是否有用。故選B。句意：科學家們對57名大學生做了一個實驗。根據(jù)下文描述以及備選項可知，此處指做了 一個實驗。do an experiment做了一個實驗，固定搭配。故選E。句意：科學家們鼓勵學生們在解謎時記住他們所聽到的音樂。根據(jù)空前的“The scientists”以 及空后的“to remember th

18、e music”可知，此處應為謂語動詞，且后面加不定式。encourage sb to do slh鼓勵某人做某事，固定用法。故選A。句意：最后，還有六個謎題學生們沒有解決。根據(jù)語境以及備選項可知，此處指還有六個謎 題沒有解決。故選C。句意：當學生睡著時，音樂盒播放與未解謎題相關的音樂。根據(jù)語境以及備選項可知，此處 指播放與未解謎題相關的音樂。linkwilh與相關，固定搭配。故選D。句意：第二天早上，學生們繼續(xù)嘗試未解的謎題。根據(jù)空前的“the students”以及空后的“to try the unsolved puzzles”可知，此處應為謂語動詞，且后面加不定式。continue to

19、 do sth繼續(xù)做 某事，固定用法。故選C。句意:音樂使他們在睡覺時對拼圖的記憶活躍起來。根據(jù)空后的“It allowed them towork，on the puzzles in their sleep.”可知，此處指謎題的記憶活躍起來。故選A。句意：這項研究為這些發(fā)現(xiàn)提供了更多的證據(jù)。根據(jù)上下文描述以及備選項可知，此處指這 項研究為這些研究提供了更多的證據(jù)。故選B。第三套短文選詞填空（共8分）（本題4分）A. widelyB. rebuildC. certainly D. receive E. expressA middle school had major problems with

20、 some of its buildings. Susan, the head teacher, invited students to share their ideas about how to 17. the school. We wanted our students to decidewhat kind of school buildings they like. We wanted them to think of ideas lol8,（1 分）their own interests and hopes, * she said. The news spread 19. （1 分）

21、after it was reported by a local newspaper.Students20,（1 分）seemed very excited. And some said they couldnt wait for the project to be finally completed at the end of this year.【答案】B 18. E 19. A 20. C【分析】本文講述一所中學想重建它的大樓，老師讓學生們分享他們對于重建大樓的想法。 17.根據(jù)句子結構，此處是一個簡略的賓語從句，疑問詞how+lo do sth.根據(jù)We wanied our stud

22、ents to decide what kind of school buildings they like,可知，老師們想讓學生決定他們喜歡 哪種類型的學校大樓，所以是讓他們分享如何垂建學校的想法，故選B。their own interests and hopes,可知，是想讓學生們表達自己的興趣和希望，所以空格處 填 expresso 故選 E?？崭裉幮揎梽釉~spread,用副詞。此空表示“消息廣泛地傳播故選A?？崭裉幮揎梽釉~seem,用副詞。根據(jù)seemed very excited及所給選詞，可知，學生們似乎非 常興奮，所以空格處填certainly。故選C?！军c睛】選詞填空題考查學生

23、對備選詞的掌握及對語法的運用能力。做題時要根據(jù)句了一結構確定句中 所缺詞的詞性，然后結合句意及備選詞即可得出答案。（本題4分）A. result B. collection C. necessary D. location E. connectedIn the beginning,the school was asked to close and the buildings would have to be sold off,asthe school is in a very good21.（1 分）.But parents and teachers worked together to pr

24、otect the school and now they are pleased to see the22. （1 分）.“This school is an important part of the community and it*s 23（1 分）that it should continue, said one parent,adding, “It is also amazing that the children have had a say in the building process.This gives them the feeling that they are mor

25、e closely24. with the school.1 really think the school will develop with success.”【答案】D 22. A 23. C 24. E【分析】本文講述了一個學校在很好的位置上被迫要關閉，家長和老師們一起努力保護學校，讓它可 以繼續(xù)下去。句意：學校在非常好的位置。good是形容詞，后接名詞，根據(jù)句意和選詞，可知有一個好的地理位置；故選D。句意：他們很高興看到這個結果。the 是定冠詞,后接名詞；根據(jù)“But parents and teachers worked together to protect the schoo

26、l” 及所給選詞，可知，家長和老師們一起努力保護學校，所以他們很高興看到這個結果，故選 Ao句意：學校是社區(qū)一個重要的部分，所以它很有必要繼續(xù)下去。is 是系動詞，后接形容詞作表語；根據(jù)“This school is an important part of the community”, 可知，學校是社區(qū)一個重要的部分，所以它很有必要繼續(xù)下去。故選C。句意：他們與這個學校是更緊密地連接在一起。closely是副詞，修飾動詞或形容詞；根據(jù)句意，此空表示“學生們與這個學校是更緊密地連 接在一起”,connect with與連接一起；故選E。第四套A. provide B. at some tim

27、e C. depend on D. change into E. typeMost people had a dog or wanted one as their companion 16, in their lives. If you are thinking of buying a dog, however, you should first decide what 17. of companion you need and whether the dog is likely to be happy in the space you can 18. . Scientists9 advice

28、 is useful to help you choose the most suitable kind of dog. But in part the decisions 19. common sense. Different dogs were developed to perform specific tasks. So, if you want a dog to protect your house, for example, you should choose the one that the right size and characteristics.A. run free B.

29、 faithful C. train D. make sure E. set upYou must also be ready to take a great deal of time to 20. the dog when it is young and gives it exercise, unless you live in the countryside and can let it 21. Dogs are demanding pets. A dog is 22. to its master and consequently wants him to show proof of hi

30、s affection. The best time to buy a baby dog is when it is between 6 and 8 weeks old. If baby dogs have not 23. a relationship with the human being until they are over three months old, their strong relationship will always be with dogs. They are likely to be shy when they are brought out into the w

31、orld to become good pets.16. B 17. E 18. A 19. C 20. C 21. A 22. B 23. E【分析】本文主要介紹了選寵物狗的建議。句意：大多數(shù)人在一生中的某個時候都有一條狗或想要一條狗作為伙伴。根據(jù)Most people had a dog or wanted one as their companion.in their lives.”以及備選詞匯可知，此處指生中 的某個時候，at some time”表示“某個時期”，符合語境。故選B。句意：然而，如果你想買一只狗，你應該首先決定你需要什么樣的伙伴，以及狗在你能提供 的空間里是否會快樂。根

32、據(jù)“what. of companion you need”以及備選詞匯可知，此處指需要的 伙伴的種類，“type”表示“種類”，符合語境。故選E。句意：然而，如果你想買一只狗，你應該首先決定你需要什么樣的伙伴，以及狗在你能提供 的空間里是否會快樂。根據(jù)Whether the dog is 1 汰ely to be happy in the space you can.”以及備 選詞匯可知，此處指你能提供給狗的空間，“provide”表示“提供”，符合語境。故選A。句意：但部分決定取決于常識。根據(jù)But in part the mon sense.”以及備選詞匯 可知，此處指取決于常識，dep

33、end on”表示“取決于，符合語境。故選C。句意：你還必須準備好花大量的時間來訓練幼年的狗，并給它鍛煉，除非你住在農(nóng)村，可以 讓它自由奔跑。根據(jù)“when it is young and gives it exercise”以及備選詞匯可知，此處指訓練狗， “train”表示“訓練”，符合語境、故選C。句意：你還必須準備好花大量的時間來訓練幼年的狗，并給它鍛煉，除非你住在農(nóng)村，可以 讓它自由奔跑。根據(jù)“unless you live in the countryside”以及備選詞匯可知，此處指狗在農(nóng)村 可以自由奔跑，“run岷6”表示“自由奔跑”，符合語境。故選A。句意：狗對主人忠誠，因此

34、想讓主人表現(xiàn)出愛意。根據(jù)A dog is.to its master”以及備選詞匯 可知，此處指狗對主人忠誠，“faithful”表示“忠誠的”，符合語境。故選B。句意：如果幼犬在三個月大的時候還沒有和人類建立起關系，那么它們與狗之間的牢固關系 將永遠存在。根據(jù)“If baby dogs have not.a relationship with the human being they are over three months old”以及備選詞匯可知，此處指狗和人類建議關系，“set up”表示“建立，符合語境。 故選E。第五套Complete the following passage

35、with the words in the box. Each can only be used once. （將下歹U 單詞填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次）A. looking for B. made of C. created D. built E. filledHow could life possibly have gotten stated on Earth? Few questions have puzzled so many for so long as this. Many hypotheses （假說）have been proposed; maybe the fi

36、rst molecules （分子） formed in the deep ocean. Maybe the earliest life was actually 21 simple molecules, and created the complex ones used by the human body today. Maybe life came to Earth from outer space.But in a laboratory in Chicago, one hypothesis was tested. The team 22 a glass flasks （燒杯）with w

37、ater, to act as the early ocean, causing some of the water to become stream. They then 23 electrical sparks （火花）to act as lightning. After a few days, the water began to change color. When the flasks were studied, the scientists found what they were24: the very same molecules in all life on Earth. T

38、he experiment supported thehypothesis that conditions on the early Earth could create the necessary molecules of life, and became one of the great experiments of the 20th century.【答案】21. B 22. E 23. C 24. A【解析】【分析】本文主要講了在芝加哥的一個實驗室里，研究者驗證了地球是如何開始的一個假說。21題詳解】句意：也許最早的生命實際上是由簡單分子構成的，并創(chuàng)造了今天人體使用的復雜分子。根 據(jù)“

39、simple molecules”可知此處指最初的生命是由簡單分子構成的，川be made of表示“由構成故選B?！?2題詳解】句意：團隊將一個玻璃燒瓶裝滿水，以充當早期的海洋，使一些水變成小溪。根據(jù)“a glass flasks with water”可知用 filled . with .表示“用把裝滿故選 E。【23題詳解】句意：然后他們創(chuàng)造了電火花來充當閃電。根據(jù)“electrical sparks”可知是創(chuàng)造電火花， created創(chuàng)造” 故選 C?！?4題詳解】句意：當科學家們對燒杯進行研究時，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了他們正在尋找的東西：地球上所有生命中 的相同分子。根據(jù)“the very sa

40、me molecules in all life on Earth”結合上文內(nèi)容可知這正是科學 家們要尋找的東西，looking for“尋找”。故選A。22.A. same B. meal C. public D. other E. mistakeMany of the things which we usually think of as vegetables are, strictly speaking, fruits. Most of us know that the tomato, is a fruit - and when we make the 25 of considering

41、 a tomato as a vegetable, theres often some wise person nearby who is willing to correct us. But did you know that the pumpkin is also a fruit? The 26 goes fbr cucumbers, and even com because, in botanical terms （植物學方面）.An extremely clear definition, as one might expect from the scientific community

42、!And yet, that hasnt done much to change which foods we, the 27. think of as fruits,and which ones as vegetables. To make matters more confusing, the U.S. Supreme Court itself once had to rule on whether tomatoes were vegetables （反駁）the scientific definition as well. According to the Supreme Court,

43、a vegetable is any part of a plant which is generally served with the main part of the 28、whereas a fruit is a plant which would generally be eaten as a dessert.【答案】25.E26. A 27. C 28. B【分析】本文主要講了我們通常認為是蔬菜的東西，嚴格地說，有許多是水果的事實?！?5題詳解】 句意：我們大多數(shù)人都知道西紅柿是一種水果當我們錯誤地把西紅柿當成蔬菜時，身邊 經(jīng)常會有一曲聰明人愿意糾正我們。根據(jù)“theres oft

44、en some wise person nearby who is willing to correct us”可知有錯誤才需要糾正，mi stake錯誤，符合語境。故選E?！?6題詳解】句意：同樣 道理也適用于黃瓜，甚至玉米因為，從植物學的角度來說。根據(jù)“But did you know that the pumpkin is also a fruit?”可知此處指黃瓜與西紅柿一樣屬于水果，same“同樣的 故選Ao【27題詳解】句意：然而，這并沒有改變我們公眾認為哪些食物是水果，哪些食物是蔬菜。此處是we的 同位語，the public”民眾，公眾,故選C?！?8題詳解】句意：根據(jù)最高法院

45、的說法，蔬菜是一種植物的任何一部分，通常會搭配在一頓飯的主要部 分，而水果是一種植物，通常會被當作甜點吃。根據(jù)“a vegetable is any part of a plant”結合常 識可知蔬菜是飯的一部分，meal“早(或午、晚)餐；一頓飯”。故選B。第六套Complete the following passage with the words in the box Each word can only be used once (將下列單詞或詞組填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞或詞組只能填一次)：(共8分)21. (4 分)A) realize B) public C) experi

46、ment D) pollution E) plasticThe scientist was in a hurry. She had to get some water for her (46) C before darkness fell. She was testing the water in the rivers that went into the ocean. Her job was to find out the cause of (47) D in the sea at nearby beaches. She lifted out the water and looked ang

47、rily at the rubbish in it. Old clothes, （48） E bags and pieces of paper were in the dirty water. Dont people （49） A that everything they throw onto the street gets washed into rivers? And they lead right into the ocean!she said loudly. How many years will it take to make it clean again ?【分析】這位科學家很匆忙

48、.她必須在夜幕降臨之前去取些水進行實驗，她正在測試流 進海洋的河水.她的任務是查明在海灘附近的海水污染的原因.她提起了水，生氣地看 著里面的垃圾.舊衣服，塑料袋，紙都在臟水里.難道沒有人意識到他們?nèi)拥浇稚系乃?有東西都被沖進河流嗎？它們又正好流入海洋.她大聲地說：要多少年才能使它（海水） 重新干凈呢？【解答】46. C考查名詞用法.根據(jù)關鍵部分get some water fbr her可知形容詞性物主 代詞后應該跟名詞；結合后句 She was testing the water in the rivers that went into the ocean（她正在測試流進海洋的河水）可推知此

49、處應是指取一些水做實驗，結合選項故用名詞 experiment實驗.故選CD考查名詞用法.根據(jù)關鍵部分find out the cause of可知of相當于名詞所有格的 功能，其后應該跟名詞；結合后句 She lifted out the water and looked angrily at the rubbish in it.（她提起了水，生氣地看著里面的垃圾）可知水被污染了，所以這里應是指查明海水 污染的原因，結合選項故用名詞pollution”污染故選D.E 考查形容詞用法.根據(jù) Old clothes, .bags and pieces of paper were in the d

50、irty water 可知這些東西都是海水里的垃圾，結合bags可知前面缺少一個形容詞來修飾是什么樣的 袋子，因為是垃圾，所以聯(lián)想到白色污染塑料袋，結合選項應用形容詞plastic”塑料的故 選EA考查動詞用法.根據(jù)Dont peoplethat可知that后引導賓語從句，故空處應該 為動詞； 結合后面 everything they throw onto the street gets washed into rivers?聯(lián)系前面 可知此句為反意疑問句，表達肯定的意義；他們?nèi)拥浇稚系乃袞|西都被沖刷進河流” 是客觀事實，所以此處應是反問難道沒有意識到這一點嗎？結合選項應該用動詞realiz

51、e 意識到故選A.22. （4 分）A.brightB.filled withA.brightB.filled withC.responsibleD.worried aboutThe scientist felt sad deep in her heart.She (1) D the ocean animals as she walked back to the beach.But when she got there a group of students and teachers from a local primary school were carrying bags of rubbi

52、sh to the bins.They had spent their afternoon cleaning the beach!She was (2) B joy.As she spoke with the teacher, the students gathered around them.With (3) A smiles on their faces, they shouted, We must do something to protect the ocean!We should be (4) C for the earth/1【分析】本文中講述的是一些學生和老師在海邊收拾垃圾，希望

53、借此為保護海洋做些事 情。【解答】(1) D.考查短語。句意：在她走回沙灘的時候，她很擔心海洋生物。由后文的 轉(zhuǎn)折連詞But可知，前后的內(nèi)容是相反的，后面是讓她感到驚喜的場景，因此可推知在 去沙灘的路上，她心里很擔憂，因此此處為worried about,故答案為DoB.考查短語。句意：她很開心。此處需表達的是看到前面的情景，科學家心里充滿 了快樂。需用到短語be filled wilh,故答案為B。A .考查形容詞。句意：他們臉上洋溢著快樂，呼喊著：我們必須為保護環(huán)境做點 兒事情！ with后面加名詞，表示伴隨，smiles為名詞，前面用形容詞修飾，可知為A, A為形容詞，brighto故答

54、案為A。(4)C考查形容詞。句意：我們應該對地球負責。結合be(4)for the earth用be responsible for對負責，故答案為C.第七套III. Choose the proper words in the box to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once (選擇最恰當?shù)倪x項填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次) (本大題共8題，每題1分，共8分，每題只有一個正確選項)A. consider B. familiar C. common D. serious E. seemsPhone c

55、alls are no longer the everyday habit they once were. The development of digital technologies over the past twenty years means its now more 36. to talk by sending messages. You might not make frequent phone calls. As with anything, the less 37, you are with a certain task, the more likely you will h

56、ave problems with it.Speaking on the telephone 38. more challenging than other forms of communication. Social media, email and texts give you time to 39. what you want to say. You have space to think about what people might really mean and what your answer is going to be.A. information B. shape C. p

57、ractice D. connected E. popularAlthough the phone might not be your preferred or most 40. choice of communication, its still necessary to learn how to make a phone call. Having conversations on the phone can strengthen relationships. Hearing a friend voice can help you to feel more 41. than simply s

58、eeing their words appear on a screen. Sometimes the phone is the quickest way to get the 42. you need-when you start working, it could also be essential. However, it takes a little bit of 43. to feel a lot more confident.【答案】36. C 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. E 41. D 42. A 43. C【分析】文章大意：本文說的是電話交際的問題。文章介紹了電

59、話交流的特點和需要的技巧。36.句意：在過去的二十年里，數(shù)字技術的發(fā)展意味著通過發(fā)送信息來“交談”變得更加普遍。根 據(jù)“The development of digital technologies over the past twenty years means its now more .to “talk” by sending messages?,結合備選詞匯，可知過去二十年數(shù)字技術的發(fā)展意味著現(xiàn)在更 常見的是通過發(fā)送消息來“交談common常見的、普遍的“，符合題意，故選C。句意：就像任何事情一樣，你對某項任務越不熟悉，你就越有可能遇到問題。根據(jù)下文“the more likely y

60、ou will have problems with it.“結合the less . you are with a certain task,“結合備 選詞匯，可知你對某項任務越不熟悉，你就越有可能出現(xiàn)問題。familiar“熟悉的”，符合題 意，故選B。句意：打電話似乎比其他交流方式更具挑戰(zhàn)性。根據(jù)Speaking on the telephone . more challenging than other forms of communication.“結合下文語境，可知電話交流似乎比其他形式 的交流更具挑戰(zhàn)性。seems是seem的第三人稱單數(shù)，意思是“似乎、看上去”，符合題意， 故選