選修八unit2知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、Unit2Cloning單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)）詞匯部分詞語(yǔ)辨析1.aloud/loud/loudly2.obtain/acquire/gain/earn/achieve詞形變化1.objectvi.不贊成；反對(duì)objectionn.不贊成；反對(duì)2.popularadj.流行的，通俗的，廣受歡迎的popularityn.普及；流行；名望popularizevt.使普及，使流行3.resistv.抵（反）抗，抵制resistancen.抵抗力，反抗resistantn.抵抗者adj.反抗的，耐的4.decoratevt.裝飾，裝璜decorationn.裝飾（品）裝璜5.re

2、asonn.原因；理性v.分析，推論（理）；勸告reasonableadj.通情達(dá)理的；合理的unreasonableadj.不合理的；荒唐的重點(diǎn)單詞differvi.不同；相異undertakevt.（undertook;undertaken）著手；從事；承擔(dān)；同意，答應(yīng)forbidvt.（forbadeorforbad;forbidden）禁止；不準(zhǔn)；阻止妨礙accumulatevt.&vi.積累；聚積owevt.欠；應(yīng)該把歸功于；感激，感恩retirevi.退休（役）；退出，撤退；就寢bothervt.打擾vi.操心n.煩擾obtainvt.（正式；尤指通過(guò)努力或計(jì)劃）獲得；得到重點(diǎn)詞組

3、payoff得到好結(jié)果，取得成功（常用主動(dòng)態(tài)）；償清債款；付清工資解雇infavorof贊成；支持；對(duì)有利beboundtodo定；注定（做）beingood/poor/excellentcondition處?kù)逗玫?、壞的、極佳的狀況重點(diǎn)句型1.Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法同位語(yǔ)從句（見(jiàn)語(yǔ)法部分）語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)（模塊）I.詞語(yǔ)辨析（旨在提供完形填空所需材料）aloud/loud/loudly【解釋】aloudadv.重點(diǎn)在于出聲(能被人聽(tīng)見(jiàn)，但聲音不一定很大)，通常與read等詞連用：readaloud朗讀，讀

4、出聲shout/call/laughaloud大聲叫喊/笑loud作形容詞時(shí)意為大聲的，作副詞時(shí)特指(談笑等)大聲地，常用比較級(jí)形式；loudly大聲地，吵鬧地，強(qiáng)調(diào)聲音喧鬧、不悅耳，與quietly相對(duì)【練習(xí)】用aloud,loud,loudly的適當(dāng)形式填空。.Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepoem.Theradioisntenough.Couldyouturnitupalittle?.Icouldhearpeopleovertheretalkingwitheachotheraboutthenews.Couldyouspeak?Keys:1).aloud2).loud

5、3).loudly4).louderobtain/acquire/gain/earn/achieve【解釋】obtain意為獲得，買(mǎi)到。指通過(guò)努力或請(qǐng)求而得到，含有滿(mǎn)足要求或得達(dá)到目的的意味，用于正式語(yǔ)體中。acquire意為經(jīng)過(guò)努力逐步獲得才能、知識(shí)、習(xí)慣等，也可用于對(duì)財(cái)物等的獲得，強(qiáng)調(diào)一經(jīng)獲得就會(huì)長(zhǎng)期持有的含義。gain意為通過(guò)較大努力獲得某種利益或好處；亦可指軍事上的武力奪取等。earn意為掙得，贏(yíng)得。指因工作等而得到報(bào)酬或待遇。achieve意為得到；獲得，多指成就、目標(biāo)、幸福的取得?！揪毩?xí)】用obtain，acquire，gain，earn，achieve的適當(dāng)形式填空。.Howmu

6、chdoyouaweek?.Themoviestarsuccessandwealth.Heexperiencethroughpractice.Itisthroughlearningthattheindividulmanyhabitualwaysofreactingtosituations.Aninvestorbybuyingstocksthatgoupinvalue.Keys:1).earn2).achieved3).obtained4).acquires5).gainsII.詞性變化(旨在提供語(yǔ)法填空所需材料)1.objectvi.不贊成；反對(duì)objectionn.不贊成；反對(duì)2.popul

7、aradj.流行的，通俗的，廣受歡迎的popularityn.普及；流行；名望popularizevt.使普及，使流仃3.resistv.抵(反)抗，抵制resistancen.抵抗力，反抗resistantn.抵抗者adj.反抗的，耐的4.decoratevt.裝飾，裝璜decorationn.裝飾(品)裝璜5.reasonn.原因；理性v.分析，推論(理)；勸告reasonableadj.通情達(dá)理的；合理的unreasonableadj.不合理的；荒唐的【練習(xí)】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。.Istronglyobjectto(treat)likeachild.Ifnoonehasany

8、(object),Iwilldeclarethemeetingcloseduswithhope.Theno-smokingpolicywasintroducedwithlittle(resist)fromstaff.Whenwilltheyfinishthe(decorate)ofthebathroom?.Thebuilding(decorate)withflags.,theeventwasagreatsuccess.Dontletyourbossmake(reason)demandsonyou.Thepresidents(popular)hasdeclinedconsiderably.The

9、Presidentisvery(popularize)withJewishvoters.Keys:1).beingtreated2).objection3).resistance4).decoration.wasdecorated6).unreasonable7).popularity8).popularIII.重點(diǎn)詞匯(旨在提供詞匯綜合運(yùn)用所需材料)differvi.不同；相異differencen.不同之處differentadj.不同的典例.Theirhousediffersfrommineinhavingnogarage.他們的房子與我的不同，區(qū)別在于他們的沒(méi)有起車(chē)庫(kù)。.Thetwos

10、idesstilldifferwitheachotheroverthequestionofpay.雙方在報(bào)酬的問(wèn)題上仍各持己見(jiàn)。重點(diǎn)用法AdiffersfromBin.A與B在方面不同AdifferswithBabout/on/overA與B就意見(jiàn)相左undertakevt.(undertook;undertaken)著手；從事；承擔(dān)；同意，答應(yīng)，保證(后接todo)典例.Sheundertooktheresponsibilityforthesechanges.她承擔(dān)了做出這些改變的責(zé)任。.Heundertooktopaythemoneybackinonemonth.他答應(yīng)在一個(gè)月之內(nèi)還錢(qián)。f

11、orbidvt.(forbadeorforbad;forbidden)禁止；不準(zhǔn)；阻止妨礙典例.Thelawforbidstheuseofchemicalfertilizers.法律禁止使用化學(xué)肥料。.Iforbidyoutotellanyone.我不準(zhǔn)你告訴任何人。重點(diǎn)用法forbidsth./doingsth.禁止，不許(做某事)forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事accumulatevt.&vi.積累；聚積accumulationnu,c積累典例.Byinvestingwiselysheaccumulatedafortune.她由於投資精明而積蓄了一筆財(cái)產(chǎn)。.Dustandd

12、irtsoonaccumulateifahouseisnotcleanedregularly.房屋不經(jīng)常打掃,塵土很快就越積越多。owevt.欠；應(yīng)該把歸功于；感激，感恩典例.Heoweshisfather50.=Heowes50tohisfather.他欠他父親50英鎊。.WeowethisdiscoverytoNewton.我們的這一發(fā)現(xiàn)歸功於牛頓。重點(diǎn)用法owesbsth=owesthtosb欠(某人)債owesthtosb/sth將某事物歸因或歸功於某人/事練習(xí)根據(jù)句子的要求在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。.HowmuchdoIoweyouthegroceries?.Heoweshissucc

13、essmoreluckthanability.Iowealotmywifeandchildren.Keys:1).for2).to;to3).toretirevi.退休(役)；退出，撤退；就寢典例.Hewillretirefromthearmynextyear.他明年從部隊(duì)退役。.Ourforcesretiredtopreparedpositions.我們的部隊(duì)撤退到既設(shè)陣地上。重點(diǎn)用法retirefrom.從退休(役)/退出retire(from.)(to.)退下，退出，離開(kāi)(尤指到僻靜處)bothervt.打擾vi.操心n.煩擾典例.Iambusy;dontbothermenow.我很忙，

14、現(xiàn)在別打擾我。.Iamsorrytobotheryou,butcanyoutellmethetime.對(duì)不起，打擾了，請(qǐng)問(wèn)現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)?重點(diǎn)用法botherwith/about一為而煩惱；因操心bothertodo/doing費(fèi)神做練習(xí)根據(jù)句子的要求在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或翻譯。obtainvt.(正式；尤指通過(guò)努力或計(jì)劃)獲得；得到obtainableadj能得到的；可獲得的典例.Ihaventbeenabletoobtainthatrecordanywhere.我到處都沒(méi)買(mǎi)到那張唱片。.Hesaidthatthepolicehadobtainedthisinformationbyillegalm

15、eans.他說(shuō)警方是靠非法手段獲得這一資料的。重點(diǎn)用法obtainsthfromsb/sth從獲得某物練習(xí)根據(jù)句子的要求在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。.Arehisrecordsstill(obtain)?.Furtherinformationcanbeobtained(介詞)headoffice.Keys:1).obtainable2).From”.(旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料)payoff得到好結(jié)果，取得成功(常用主動(dòng)態(tài))；償清債款；付清工資解雇典例.Atlast,hishardworkpaidoff.最后，他的努力得到了回報(bào)。.Didyourplanpayoff?你的計(jì)劃成功了嗎?短語(yǔ)歸納pay短

16、語(yǔ)：payfor付的錢(qián)；為而付出代價(jià)paybacksth.(paysb.backsth.)償還paysb.(.)forsth.因某事而付某人paysb.(.)todosth.付某人()去做某事練習(xí)用與pay相關(guān)的詞組或所給詞適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁铡?Aftertenyearsofhardworkingshefinallyherdebt.Oureffortsaresureto.HerparentsAmerica.Haveyouthemilkmanthisweek?.Haveyouthemoneythebankyet?.Iwillyounextweek.Ipaidtheboytenyuan(clean)t

17、hewindow.Keys:1).paidoff2).payoff3).paidfor4).paid.paid;to6).pay;back7).tocleaninfavorof贊成；支持；對(duì)有利典例.Iaminfavorofyoursuggestion.我贊成你的提議。.ItalkedtoSusanaboutit,andshesallinfavorofgoing.我與蘇珊談了這件事，她完全贊同走。重點(diǎn)用法askafavor請(qǐng)求幫忙dosb.afavor=doafavorforsb.幫某人的忙beboundtodo一定；注定(做)典例.Theweatherisboundtogetbetterto

18、morrow.明天天氣一定會(huì)變好。.Youvedonesomuchworkthatyoureboundtopasstheexam.你下了這麼大工夫,一定能考及格。beingood/poor/excellentcondition處?kù)逗玫?、壞的、極佳的狀況典例.Theshipisnotinacondition/isinnoconditiontomakealongvoyage.此船的現(xiàn)狀不適宜遠(yuǎn)航。.Thecarisstillinexcellentcondition.這小車(chē)狀況極佳。短語(yǔ)歸納condition短語(yǔ)：outofcondition健康狀況欠佳working/living/syudyingconditions工作、生活、學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境oncondition(that).在條件下；倘若onnocondition一點(diǎn)也不;決不.(旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料)Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.她(多莉羊)似乎生長(zhǎng)正常的事實(shí)很鼓舞人心。解釋thatsheseemedtodevelopnormally是一一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句，作thefact的同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)從句一般由that引導(dǎo)，常放在fac