中考英語復(fù)習(xí)-形容詞、副詞考點(diǎn)講解和訓(xùn)練

2010年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)——形容詞、副詞考點(diǎn)講解和訓(xùn)練【考點(diǎn)直擊】1.形容詞的用法；2.副詞的用法；3.形容詞和副詞原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的用法；4.形容詞和副詞在句中的區(qū)別和位置?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】1.形容詞的用法(1)形容詞在句中作定語,表語,賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如：Ourcountryisabeautifulcountry.（作定語）Thefishwentbad.（作表語）Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.（作賓語補(bǔ)足語）(2)形容詞修飾something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代詞時(shí),形容詞放在名詞后面。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm.(3)用and或or連接起來的兩個(gè)形容詞作定語時(shí)一般把它們放在被修飾的名詞后面。起進(jìn)一步解釋的作用。Everybody,manandwoman,oldandyoung,shouldattendthemeeting.Youcantakeanyboxaway,bigorsmall.(4)the＋形容詞表示一類人或物Therichshouldhelpthepoor.2.副詞的用法(1)副詞在句中可作狀語,表語和定語。Hestudiesveryhard.（作狀語）Lifehereisfullofjoy.（作定語）Whenwillyoubeback?（作表語）副詞按其用途和含義可分為下面五類：1)時(shí)間副詞時(shí)間副詞通常用來表示動(dòng)作的時(shí)間。常見的時(shí)間副詞有：nowtoday,tomorrow,yesterday,before,late,early,never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always等。例如：Heoftencomestoschoollate.Whatarewegoingtodotomorrow?HeisneverbeentoBeijing.2)地點(diǎn)副詞地點(diǎn)副詞通常用來表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。常見的地點(diǎn)副詞有：here,there,inside,outside,home,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere,down,up,off,on,in,out等。例如：Imetanoldfriendofmineonmywayhome.Hewentupstairs.Putdownyournamehere.3)方式副詞方式副詞一般都是回答“怎樣的？”這類問題的，其中絕大部分都是由一個(gè)形容詞加詞尾-ly構(gòu)成的,有少數(shù)方式副詞不帶詞尾-ly,它們與形容詞同形。常見的方式副詞有：anxiously,badly,bravely,calmly,carefully,proudly,rapidly,suddenly,successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,warmly,well,fast,slow,quick,hard,alone,high,straight,wide等。例如：Theoldmanwalkedhomeslowly.Pleaselistentotheteachercarefully.Thebirdsareflyinghigh.Herunsveryfast.4)程度副詞程度副詞多數(shù)用來修飾形容詞和副詞，有少數(shù)用來修飾動(dòng)詞或介詞短語。常見的程度副詞有：much,(a)little,abit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty,greatly,completely,nearly,almost,deeply,hardly,partly等。例如：Herpronunciationisverygood.Shesingsquitewell.Icanhardlyagreewithyou.5)疑問副詞是用來引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句的副詞。常見的疑問副詞有：how,when,where,why等。例如：Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudies?Wherewereyouyesterday?Whydidyoudothat?(2)副詞在句中的位置1)多數(shù)副詞作狀語時(shí)放在動(dòng)詞之后。如果動(dòng)詞帶有賓語，則放在賓語之后。例如：MrSmithworksveryhard.ShespeaksEnglishwell.2)頻度副詞作狀語時(shí)，通常放在行為動(dòng)詞之前，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞之后。例如：Heusuallygetsupearly.I’veneverheardhimsinging.Sheisseldomill.3)程度副詞一般放在所修飾的形容詞和副詞的前面,但enough作副詞用時(shí)，通常放在被修飾詞的后面。例如：Itisaratherdifficultjob.Herunsveryfast.Hedidn’tworkhardenough.4)副詞作定語時(shí)，一般放在被修飾的名詞之后。例如：Onmywayhome,Imetmyuncle.Thestudentstherehavealottimetodotheirownresearchwork.(3)部分常用副詞的用法1)very,much這兩個(gè)副詞都可表示“很”，但用法不同。Very用來修飾形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)，而much用來修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)。例如：SheisaverynicegirlI’mfeelingmuchbetternow.Much可以修飾動(dòng)詞，而very則不能。例如：Idon’tliketheideamuch.Theydidnottalkmuch.2)too,either這兩個(gè)副詞都表示“也”，但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如：Shecandance,andIcandance,too.Ihaven’treadthebookandmybrotherhasn’teither.3)already,yetalready一般用于語肯定句，yet一般用于否定句。例如：Hehasalreadyleft.Haveyouheardfromhimyet?Hehasn’tansweredyet.4)so,neitherso和neither都可用于倒裝句，但so表示肯定，neither表示否定。例如：MybrotherlikesfootballandsodoI.Mybrotherdoesn’tlikedancingandneitherdoI.3.形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)(1)兩個(gè)人或事物的比較時(shí)（不一定每一方只有一個(gè)人或一個(gè)事物），用比較級(jí)。Ourteacheristallerthanweare.Theboysinherclassaretallerthantheboysinyourclass.(2)most同形容詞連用而不用the,表示"極,很,非常,十分"。It'smostdangeroustobehere.在這兒太危險(xiǎn)。(3)"The+形容詞比較級(jí)...,the+形容詞比較級(jí)..."表示"越...就越..."。Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.(4)"形容詞比較級(jí)+and+形容詞比較級(jí)",表示"越來越..."。It'sgettinghotterandhotter.(5)主語+謂語(系動(dòng)詞)+as+形容詞原形+as+從句。表示兩者對(duì)比相同。Thisboxisasbigasmine.(6)the+形容詞表示某種人。Healwayshelpsthepoor.(7)形容詞和副詞最高級(jí)用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人和物進(jìn)行比較。ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.【實(shí)例解析】1.(2004年北京市中考試題)---Whichis________,thesun,themoonortheearth?---Ofcoursethemoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest答案：D。該題考查的是形容詞的比較等級(jí)的用法。因?yàn)槭翘?，地球和月亮三者進(jìn)行比較，選用形容詞的最高級(jí)，而且最高級(jí)之前要加定冠詞the。所以選D。2.(2004年上海徐匯區(qū)中考試題)Hehasmade_______progressthistermthanbefore.A.littleB.lessC.fewerD.much答案B。該題考查的是形容詞比較等級(jí)的用法。因?yàn)槭乾F(xiàn)在和過去進(jìn)行比較，所以要用比較級(jí)，又因?yàn)槭切揎棽豢蓴?shù)名詞，只能用less,而不能用fewer。3.(2004年江西省中考試題)---Whatdeliciouscakes!---Theywouldtaste_______withbutter.A.goodB.betterC.badD.worse答案：B。該題考查的是形容詞的比較等級(jí)。答話人的意思應(yīng)該是“如果加上點(diǎn)黃油，這些蛋糕會(huì)更好吃?！边@里就有一種比較：加黃油和不加黃油。既然是比較，就要用比較級(jí)。因?yàn)檫@里講的是好吃和更好吃，所以C,D要舍去，而選better。4.(2004年河北省中考試題)Bobneverdoeshishomework________Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulasB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyasD.ascarefulas答案：B。該題考查的是形容詞和副詞的用法區(qū)別。因?yàn)樵撛~修飾的是動(dòng)作“做家庭作業(yè)”，所以要用副詞。又因?yàn)楸硎疽环讲蝗缌硪环揭镁湫汀皀otas+副詞原級(jí)+as”，所以只能選B?！局锌佳菥殹恳?單項(xiàng)填空1．Therearemanyyoungtreeson

sidesoftheroad.A.every

B.each

C.both

D.all2．---It’ssocoldtoday.---Yes,it’s

thanitwasyesterday.A.morecold

B.morecolder

C.muchcolder

D.cold3．LittleTomhas

friends,soheoftenplaysalone.A.more

B.alittle

C.many

D.few4．Sheisn’tso

atmathsasyouare.A.well

B.good

C.better

D.best5．Peterwrites

ofthethree.A.better

B.best

C.good

D.well6．Heis

enoughtocarrytheheavybox.A.stronger

B.muchstronger

C.strong

D.thestrongest7．Ibought

exercise-bookswith

money.A.afew;afew

B.afew;alittle

C.alittle;afew

D.alittle;alittle8．Theboxis

heavyforthegirl

carry.A.too;to

B.to;too

C.so;that

D.no;to9．Theiceinthelakeisaboutonemeter

.It’sstrongenoughtoskateon.A.long

B.high

C.thick

D.wide10．WuLinran

fasterthantheotherboysinthesportsmeeting.A.so

B.much

C.very

D.too11.Jonelooksso_______todaybecauseshehasgotan“A”inhermathstest.A.happyB.happilyC.angryD.angrily12.Thesmileonmyfather’sfaceshowedthathewas______withme.A.sadB.pleasedC.angryD.sorry13.---Mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis?---Certainly,wecanbuy______onethanthis,but______this.A.abetter;betterthanB.aworse;asgoodasC.acheaper;asgoodasD.amoreimportant;goodas14.---Thisdigitalcameraisreallycheap!---The______thebetter.I’mshortofmoney,yousee.A.cheapB.cheaperC.expensiveD.moreexpensive15.IfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,youmustuseitas_______aspossible.A.oftenB.longC.hardD.soon16.Paulhas______friendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.A.manyB.someC.fewD.more17.Englishpeople_____useMr.Beforeaman’sfirstname.A.neverB.usuallyC.oftenD.sometimes18.---OnemoresatellitewassentupintospaceinChinainMay.---Right.Thegovernmentspoke______that.A.highlyforB.highofC.wellofD.highlyof19.---Rememberthis,children.______carefulyouare,______mistakesyouwillmake.---Weknow,MissGao.A.Themore;themoreB.Thefewer;themoreC.Themore;thefewerD.Theless;theless20.Ihave________todotoday.A.anythingimportantB.somethingimportantC.importantnothingD.importantsomething二.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Mypursewasstolenonthebusyesterday.__________(Fortunate),therewasnomoneyinit.2.Mobilephonesare_________(wide)usedinmostofthecitiesinChina.3.Heputonhiscoatandwentout________(quick).4.Sheis______(good)thanLiPingatswimming.5.AlotChinesepeopleare_______(pride)ofYaoMing,afamousbasketballstarinNBA.6.Tooursurprise,hesuddenlyreturnedonacold______(snow)night.7.Allieaskedme______(polite)toputthethingsaway.8.It’ssnowinghard.Youmustdrive________(careful).9.Theearthweliveonis_______(big)thanthemoon.10.Hainanisaverylargeisland.It’sthesecond________(large)islandinChina.三.用適當(dāng)?shù)男稳菰~或副詞填空(首字母已給出)1.Alargenumberofmouthsmustbefedinthoselessd________countries.2.Th