外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯

外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯學(xué)生姓名： 論文題目：火車在線訂票系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)指導(dǎo)教師： 技術(shù)職稱：教授原文：ASP.NETTechniqueASP.NETandthe.NETFrameworkASP.NETispartofMicrosoft'soverall.NETframework,whichcontainsavastsetofprogrammingclassesdesignedtosatisfyanyconceivableprogrammingneed.Inthefollowingtwosections,youlearnhowASP.NETfitswithinthe.NETframework,andyoulearnaboutthelanguagesyoucanuseinyourASP.NETpages.The.NETFrameworkClassLibraryImaginethatyouareMicrosoft.Imaginethatyouhavetosupportmultipleprogramminglanguages—suchasVisualBasic,JScript,andC++.Agreatdealofthefunctionalityoftheseprogramminglanguagesoverlaps.Forexample,foreachlanguage,youwouldhavetoincludemethodsforaccessingthefilesystem,workingwithdatabases,andmanipulatingstrings.Furthermore,theselanguagescontainsimilarprogrammingconstructs.Everylanguage,forexample,canrepresentloopsandconditionals.EventhoughthesyntaxofaconditionalwritteninVisualBasicdiffersfromthesyntaxofaconditionalwritteninC++,theprogrammingfunctionisthesame.Finally,mostprogramminglanguageshavesimilarvariabledatatypes.Inmostlanguages,youhavesomemeansofrepresentingstringsandintegers,forexample.Themaximumandminimumsizeofanintegermightdependonthelanguage,butthebasicdatatypeisthesame.Maintainingallthisfunctionalityformultiplelanguagesrequiresalotofwork.Whykeepreinventingthewheel?Wouldn'titbeeasiertocreateallthisfunctionalityonceanduseitforeverylanguage?The.NETFrameworkClassLibrarydoesexactlythat.Itconsistsofavastsetofclassesdesignedtosatisfyanyconceivableprogrammingneed.Forexample,the.NETframeworkcontainsclassesforhandlingdatabaseaccess,workingwiththefilesystem,manipulatingtext,andgeneratinggraphics.Inaddition,itcontainsmorespecializedclassesforperformingtaskssuchasworkingwithregularexpressionsandhandlingnetworkprotocols.The.NETframework,furthermore,containsclassesthatrepresentallthebasicvariabledatatypessuchasstrings,integers,bytes,characters,andarrays.Mostimportantly,forpurposesofthisbook,the.NETFrameworkClassLibrarycontainsclassesforbuildingASP.NETpages.Youneedtounderstand,however,thatyoucanaccessanyofthe.NETframeworkclasseswhenyouarebuildingyourASP.NETpages.UnderstandingNamespacesAsyoumightguess,the.NETframeworkishuge.Itcontainsthousandsofclasses(over3,400).Fortunately,theclassesarenotsimplyjumbledtogether.Theclassesofthe.NETframeworkareorganizedintoahierarchyofnamespaces.StandardASP.NETNamespacesTheclassescontainedinaselectnumberofnamespacesareavailableinyourASP.NETpagesbydefault.(Youmustexplicitlyimportothernamespaces.)ThesedefaultnamespacescontainclassesthatyouusemostofteninyourASP.NETapplications:System-Containsallthebasedatatypesandotherusefulclassessuchasthoserelatedtogeneratingrandomnumbersandworkingwithdatesandtimes.System.Collections—Containsclassesforworkingwithstandardcollectiontypessuchashashtables,andarraylists.System.Collections.Specialized—Containsclassesthatrepresentspecializedcollectionssuchaslinkedlistsandstringcollections.System.Configuration—Containsclassesforworkingwithconfigurationfiles(Web.configfiles).System.Text-Containsclassesforencoding,decoding,andmanipulatingthecontentsofstrings.System.Text.RegularExpressions—Containsclassesforperformingregularexpressionmatchandreplaceoperations.System.Web—ContainsthebasicclassesforworkingwiththeWorldWideWeb,includingclassesforrepresentingbrowserrequestsandserverresponses.System.Web.Caching—Containsclassesusedforcachingthecontentofpagesandclassesforperformingcustomcachingoperations.System.Web.Security—ContainsclassesforimplementingauthenticationandauthorizationsuchasFormsandPassportauthentication.System.Web.SessionState—Containsclassesforimplementingsessionstate.System.Web.UI-ContainsthebasicclassesusedinbuildingtheuserinterfaceofASP.NETpages.System.Web.UI.HTMLControls—ContainstheclassesfortheHTMLcontrols.System.Web.UI.WebControls—ContainstheclassesfortheWebcontrols..NETFramework-CompatibleLanguagesForpurposesofthisbook,youwillwritetheapplicationlogicforyourASP.NETpagesusingVisualBasicasyourprogramminglanguage.ItisthedefaultlanguageforASP.NETpages.AlthoughyousticktoVisualBasicinthisbook,youalsoneedtounderstandthatyoucancreateASP.NETpagesbyusinganylanguagethatsupportsthe.NETCommonLanguageRuntime.Outofthebox,thisincludesC#,JScript.NET,andtheManagedExtensionstoC++.NOTETheCDincludedwiththisbookcontainsC#versionsofallthecodesamples.DozensofotherlanguagescreatedbycompaniesotherthanMicrosofthavebeendevelopedtoworkwiththe.NETframework.SomeexamplesoftheseotherlanguagesincludePython,SmallTalk,Eiffel,andCOBOL.Thismeansthatyoucould,ifyoureallywantedto,writeASP.NETpagesusingCOBOL.RegardlessofthelanguagethatyouusetodevelopyourASP.NETpages,youneedtounderstandthatASP.NETpagesarecompiledbeforetheyareexecuted.ThismeansthatASP.NETpagescanexecuteveryquickly.ThefirsttimeyourequestanASP.NETpage,thepageiscompiledintoa.NETclass,andtheresultingclassfileissavedbeneathaspecialdirectoryonyourservernamedTemporaryASP.NETFiles.ForeachandeveryASP.NETpage,acorrespondingclassfileappearsintheTemporaryASP.NETFilesdirectory.WheneveryourequestthesameASP.NETpageinthefuture,thecorrespondingclassfileisexecuted.WhenanASP.NETpageiscompiled,itisnotcompileddirectlyintomachinecode.Instead,itiscompiledintoanintermediate-levellanguagecalledMicrosoftIntermediateLanguage(MSIL).All.NET-compatiblelanguagesarecompiledintothisintermediatelanguage.AnASP.NETpageisn'tcompiledintonativemachinecodeuntilitisactuallyrequestedbyabrowser.Atthatpoint,theclassfilecontainedintheTemporaryASP.NETFilesdirectoryiscompiledwiththe.NETframeworkJustinTime(JIT)compilerandexecuted.Themagicalaspectofthiswholeprocessisthatithappensautomaticallyinthebackground.AllyouhavetodoiscreateatextfilewiththesourcecodeforyourASP.NETpage,andthe.NETframeworkhandlesallthehardworkofconvertingitintocompiledcodeforyou.ASPCLASSICNOTEWhataboutVBScript?BeforeASP.NET,VBScriptwasthemostpopularlanguagefordevelopingActiveServerPages.ASP.NETdoesnotsupportVBScript,andthisisgoodnews.VisualBasicisasupersetofVBScript,whichmeansthatVisualBasichasallthefunctionalityofVBScriptandmore.So,youhavearichersetoffunctionsandstatementswithVisualBasic.Furthermore,unlikeVBScript,VisualBasicisacompiledlanguage.ThismeansthatifyouuseVisualBasictorewritethesamecodethatyouwrotewithVBScript,youcangetbetterperformance.IfyouhaveworkedonlywithVBScriptandnotVisualBasicinthepast,don'tworry.SinceVBScriptissocloselyrelatedtoVisualBasic,you'llfinditeasytomakethetransitionbetweenthetwolanguages.NOTEMicrosoftincludesaninterestingtoolnamedtheILDisassembler(ILDASM)withthe.NETframework.YoucanusethistooltoviewthedisassembledcodeforanyoftheASP.NETclassesintheTemporaryASP.NETFilesdirectory.Itlistsallthemethodsandpropertiesoftheclassandenablesyoutoviewtheintermediate-levelcode.ThistoolalsoworkswithalltheASP.NETcontrolsdiscussedinthischapter.Forexample,youcanusetheILDisassemblertoviewtheintermediate-levelcodefortheTextBoxcontrol(locatedinafilenamedSystem.Web.dll).McDonald,ZipuzitatheAdvancedASP.NET3.5Programming(2ndEdition)外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯學(xué)生姓名:指導(dǎo)教師:論文題目：火車在線訂票系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)職稱：教授學(xué)生姓名:指導(dǎo)教師:論文題目：火車在線訂票系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)職稱：教授譯文:ASP.NET技術(shù)ASP.NET和ASP.NET結(jié)構(gòu)ASP.NET是微軟.NETframework整體的一部分，它包含一組大量的編程用的類，滿足各種編程需要。在下列的二個(gè)部分中，你如何學(xué)會(huì)ASP.NET很適合的放在.NETframework,和學(xué)會(huì)能在你的ASP.NET頁面中使用語言。.NET類庫假想你是微軟。假想你必須支持大量的編程語言-比如VisualBasic、C#和C++.這些編程語言的很多功能具有重疊性。舉例來說，對(duì)于每一種語言，你必須包括存取文件系統(tǒng)、與數(shù)據(jù)庫協(xié)同工作和操作字符串的方法。止匕外，這些語言包含相似的編程構(gòu)造。每種語言，舉例來說，都能夠使用循環(huán)語句和條件語句。即使用VisualBasic寫的條件語句的語法不與用C++寫的不一樣，程序的功能也是相同的。最后，大多數(shù)的編程語言有相似的數(shù)據(jù)變量類型。以大多數(shù)的語言，你有設(shè)定字符串類型和整型數(shù)據(jù)類型的方法。舉例來說，整型數(shù)據(jù)最大值和最小值可能依賴語言的種類，但是基本的數(shù)據(jù)類型是相同的。對(duì)于多種語言來說維持這一功能需要很大的工作量。為什么繼續(xù)再創(chuàng)輪子？對(duì)所有的語言創(chuàng)建這種功能一次，然后把這個(gè)功能用在每一種語言中豈不是更容易。.NET類庫不完全是那樣。它含有大量的滿足編程需要的類。舉例來說，.NET類庫包含處理數(shù)據(jù)庫訪問的類和文件協(xié)同工作，操作文本和生成圖像。除此之外，它包含更多特殊的類用在正則表達(dá)式和處理Web協(xié)議。.NETframework，此外包含支持所有的基本變量數(shù)據(jù)類型的類，比如：字符串、整型、字節(jié)型、字符型和數(shù)組。最重要地，寫這一本書的目的,.NET類庫包含構(gòu)建的ASP.NET頁面的類。然而你需要了解當(dāng)你構(gòu)建.NET頁面的時(shí)候能夠訪問.NETframework的任意類。理解命名空間正如你猜測(cè)的，.NETframework是龐大的。它包含數(shù)以千計(jì)的類（超過3,400）。幸運(yùn)地，類不是簡(jiǎn)單的堆在一起。.NETframework的類被組織成有層次結(jié)構(gòu)的命名空間。.NETFramework-可用的語言這一本書的目的，你將會(huì)為以VisualBasic作為你的編程語言來完成你的ASP.NET頁寫程序編寫。它是ASP.NET頁面的默認(rèn)語言。雖然你在這一本書中一直用VisualBasic,但是，你也需要了解用其它的支持公共語言庫的語言創(chuàng)建ASP.NET頁面。除此之外，這包括C#,JScript.NET和C++。提示本書所含的光碟包含C#源代碼。除微軟之外的公司產(chǎn)生的幾十個(gè)其他的語言已經(jīng)能夠和.NETframework兼容。這些其他的語言的一些例子包括Python、SmallTalk、EiffelffCOBOL。這就意味著假如你真的想，你可以使用COBOL寫ASP.NET頁面。不管你使用什么語言開發(fā)ASP.NET頁面，你需