考研考博-英語(yǔ)-徽商職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-徽商職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Thepolicemenwentintoaction（

）theyheardthealarm.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.promptly

B.directly

C.quickly

D.presently

【答案】B

【解析】句意:警察一聽到警報(bào)就馬上行動(dòng)了起來。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾檫B詞。分析題干可知,此處需填入連詞連接前后句子。只有B項(xiàng)directly能夠作連詞，表示“一…就…”。

2.單選題

Spaceisadangerousplace,notonlybecauseofmeteorsbutalsobecauseofraysfromthesunandotherstars.Theatmosphereagainactsasourprotectiveblanketontheearth.Lightgetsthrough,andthisisessentialforplantstomakethefoodwhichweeat.Heat,too,makesourenvironmentstolerableandsomeultravioletrayspenetratetheatmosphere.Cosmicraysofvariouskindscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesyncarescreenedoff.Assoonasmenleavetheatmospheretheyareexposedtothisradiationbuttheirspacesuitsorthewallsoftheirspacecraft,iftheyareinside,dopreventalotofradiationdamage.

Radiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersinspace.Dosesofradiationaremeasuredinunitscalled“rems”.WeallreceiveradiationhereontheEarthfromthesun,fromcosmicraysandfromradioactiveminerals.The“normal”doseofradiationthatwereceiveeachyearisabout100millirems(0.1rem);itvariesaccordingtowhereyoulive,andthisisaveryroughestimate.Scientistshavereasontothinkthatamancanputupwithfarmoreradiationthanthiswithoutbeingdamaged;thefigureof60remshasbeenagreed.Thetroubleisthatitisextremelydifficulttobesureaboutradiationdamage——apersonmayfeelperfectlywell,butthecellsofhisorhersexorgansmaybedamaged,andthiswillnotbediscovereduntilthebirthof(deformed)childrenorevengrandchildren.

EarlyspaceprobesshowedthatradiationvariesindifferentpartsofspacearoundtheEarth.Italsovariesintimebecause,whengreatspurtsofgasshootoutofthesun(solarflares),theyareaccompaniedbyalotofextraradiation.Someestimatesoftheamountofradiationinspace,basedonvariousmeasurementsandcalculations,areaslowas10remsperyear,othersareashighas5remsperhour.Missionstothemoon(theApolloflights)havehadtocrosstheVanAllenbeltsofhighradiationand,duringtheoutwardandreturnjourneys,theApollo8crewaccumulatedatotaldoseofabout200milliremsperman.ItwashopedthattherewouldnotbeanylargesolarflaresduringthetimesoftheApollomoonwalksbecausethewallsoftheLEMs(lunarexcursionmodules)werenotthickenoughtoprotectthemeninside,thoughthecommandmodulesdidgivereasonableprotection.Sofar,nodangerousdosesofradiationhavebeenreported,buttheGeminiorbitsandtheApollomissionshavebeenquiteshort.Wesimplydonotknowyethowmenaregoingtogetonwhentheyspendweeksandmonthsoutsidetheprotectionoftheatmosphere,workinginaspacelaboratoryorinabaseonthemoon.Drugsmighthelptodecreasethedamagedonebyradiation,butnoreallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfoundsofar.

Atpresent,radiationseemstobethegreatestphysicalhazardtospacetravelers,butitisimpossibletosayjusthowseriousthehazardwillturnouttobeinthefuture.

1.Scientistshavefixedasafetylevelof（）.

2.Thespacemenwereworriedaboutsolarflareswhentheywere（）.

3.Whenmenspendlongperiodsinspacehowwilltheyprotectthemselves?

4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.10remsperyear

B.60remsperyear

C.100milliremsperyear

D.5remsperhour

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.crossingtheVanAllenbelts

B.settingupamoonbase

C.exploringthesurfaceofthemoon

D.waitinginthecommandmodule

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Bytakingspecialdrugs.

B.Bywearingspecialsuits.

C.Byusingaprotectiveblanket.

D.Nosolutionhasbeenfoundyet.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thegrandchildrenofastronautsaredeformed.

B.Thechildrenofastronautshavedamagedsexorgans.

C.Radiationdamagemayshowonlyinlatergenerations.

D.Radiationdoesnotseemtobeveryharmful.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Scientistshavefixedasafetylevelof______.1.科學(xué)家們確定了______的安全水平。

A.10remsperyearA.每年10雷姆

B.60remsperyearB.每年60雷姆

C.100milliremsperyearC.每年100毫雷姆

D.5remsperhourD.每小時(shí)5雷姆

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“科學(xué)家們有理由認(rèn)為，一個(gè)人可以忍受比這多得多的輻射而不受傷害，60雷姆的數(shù)字已經(jīng)商定”，從中可知，科學(xué)家們能夠確定每年60雷姆是安全水平，B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“每年10雷姆”和D項(xiàng)“每小時(shí)5雷姆”為測(cè)量的空間輻射量，并不是科學(xué)家們確定的安全水平，屬于張冠李戴；

C項(xiàng)“每年100毫雷姆”是對(duì)我們每年接受的“正?！陛椛鋭┝康拇致怨烙?jì)，不是科學(xué)家們的計(jì)算，屬于張冠李戴。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Thespacemenwereworriedaboutsolarflareswhentheywere______.2.宇航員們?cè)赺_____時(shí)擔(dān)心太陽(yáng)耀斑。

A.crossingtheVanAllenbeltsA.穿過范艾倫帶

B.settingupamoonbaseB.建立月球基地

C.exploringthesurfaceofthemoonC.探索月球表面

D.waitinginthecommandmoduleD.在指令艙等待

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第四句“人們希望在阿波羅號(hào)月球行走期間不會(huì)有任何大的太陽(yáng)耀斑，因?yàn)樵虑蚵眯心K的墻壁不夠厚，不足以保護(hù)里面的人，盡管指令模塊確實(shí)提供了合理的保護(hù)”，從中可知，宇航員們?cè)谔剿髟虑虮砻鏁r(shí)擔(dān)心太陽(yáng)耀斑，C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“穿過范艾倫帶”和B項(xiàng)“建立月球基地”都是在探索月球表面中做的事情，從屬于C項(xiàng)，所以這兩項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

D項(xiàng)“在指令艙等待”沒有提到，無中生有。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Whenmenspendlongperiodsinspacehowwilltheyprotectthemselves?3.當(dāng)人長(zhǎng)時(shí)間待在太空時(shí)，他們將如何保護(hù)自己？

A.Bytakingspecialdrugs.A.通過服用特殊藥物。

B.Bywearingspecialsuits.B.穿特殊的衣服。

C.Byusingaprotectiveblanket.C.用保護(hù)性的毯子。

D.Nosolutionhasbeenfoundyet.D.目前還沒有找到解決辦法。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段最后一句“藥物可能有助于減少輻射造成的損害，但迄今為止還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)真正有效的藥物”，從中可知，雖然迄今為止沒有找到特效藥，但是藥物也是有助于減輕射線帶來的危害，所以是一種解決辦法，A項(xiàng)“通過服用特殊藥物”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“穿特殊的衣服”和C項(xiàng)“用保護(hù)性的毯子”在文中沒有提到，屬于無中生有；

D項(xiàng)“目前還沒有找到解決辦法”根據(jù)解題思路可知，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?4.下列哪項(xiàng)是正確的？

A.Thegrandchildrenofastronautsaredeformed.A.宇航員的孫輩都是畸形的。

B.Thechildrenofastronautshavedamagedsexorgans.B.宇航員的孩子會(huì)損壞性器官。

C.Radiationdamagemayshowonlyinlatergenerations.C.輻射損傷可能只會(huì)在后代中表現(xiàn)出來。

D.Radiationdoesnotseemtobeveryharmful.D.輻射似乎不是很有害。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段最后一句“問題是，很難確定輻射是否會(huì)造成損害，一個(gè)人可能感覺很好，但他或她的性器官細(xì)胞可能會(huì)受到損害，而且這種損害要等到孩子甚至孫輩出生后才會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)”，可知，射線的危害程度不好確定，一個(gè)人可能感覺正常，但是潛在的危害要在后輩中才能發(fā)現(xiàn)，故C項(xiàng)“輻射損傷可能只會(huì)在后代中表現(xiàn)出來”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“宇航員的孫輩都是畸形的”表述太絕對(duì)，屬于曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“宇航員的孩子會(huì)損壞性器官”，根據(jù)解題思路可知，是宇航員的性器官細(xì)胞可能會(huì)受到損害，該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“輻射似乎不是很有害”，根據(jù)第二段第一句“輻射是已知的對(duì)太空探索者最大的危險(xiǎn)”可知，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

3.單選題

Creatingsomuchconfusion,Jasonrealizedhehadbettermake（

）whathewastryingtotelltheaudience.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exclusive

B.explicit

C.objective

D.obscure

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。exclusive“獨(dú)有的，排外的”；explicit“明確的，清楚的”；objective“客觀的”；obscure“不清楚的，隱蔽的”。句意：在造成諸多困惑后，杰森意識(shí)到自己最好把試圖告訴聽眾的事情弄清楚。由Creatingsomuchconfusion可知Jason最好是把這些困惑給弄清楚。答案B

4.單選題

Between1974and1997,thenumberofoverseasvisitorsexpanded（

）27%.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.for

C.to

D.in

【答案】A

【解析】介詞辨析題。expandby“增加了”；expandfor“擴(kuò)展為”；expandto“增加到”；expandin“在……中增加”。

句意：在1974年到1997年間，海外游客的數(shù)量增加了27%。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

5.單選題

Sincetheendofthewar,asemblanceof（）hasgraduallyreturnedwithpeoplegoingtoworkandshopsreopening.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.normalization

B.norm

C.normative

D.normality

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)法和形近詞辨析。根據(jù)asemblanceof可知，空格應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)名詞，所以選項(xiàng)C可排除。normalization“正?；徽?guī)化”，norm“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，規(guī)范”；normality“常態(tài)”。句意：自從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束以來，隨著人們?nèi)ド习嗪鸵恍┥痰甑闹匦麻_張，表面上漸漸地恢復(fù)了正常狀態(tài)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.單選題

ThenewdocumentaryBullyispowerfulstuff.Trytogetthroughevenjusttheopeningsequencewithouttearingup.Hopefullyitwillwakeupparents,teachers,andschooladministrators.Butlet’salsohopetheyrespondthoughtfullytothisburningfilm,becausetooofteninourrushtoaddressaproblem,Americaneducatorsandpoliticianshaveawell-intentionedoverreactionthatminimizescommonsenseinfavorofblanketsolutions.

ManyschoolsintheUnitedStatesaregenuinelytryingtocurbchild-on-childabuseand,atlonglast,arepayingmoreattentiontothecruel,unpleasantremarks.Butatthesametime,wehavetorememberthatnoteveryunpleasant,orevenadverse,interactionbetweenstudentsconstitutesbullying.Insomeplaces,anti-bullyingpoliciesarenowsoexpansivethattheymakeeye-rollingapunishableoffense,lumpingitinwithotherformsofverbalandphysicalassault.Doingsonotonlytakesaseriousissuetotherealmoftheabsurd,italsodilutestheimportanceofanti-bullyingeffortsingeneral.Ifeverythingisbullying,thennothingis.

Somekidshavealreadyfiguredouthowtoturnthenewsystemonitshead.Insomeschools’zealtoaddressbullying,everyclaimisimmediatelyelevatedbeyondtheclassroomteachertoameetingwiththeprincipal.AparentinCaliforniasaidthatlastmonththatanelementary-schoolbullybeganthreateningtoreporthervictimsasbulliessotheywouldhavetosufferthroughsuchameeting—andineffectcreatingabullyinghallofmirrors.

We’vebeenherebefore.Weaponsanddrugsinschoolsareaseriousproblem,too.Inresponse,schooldistricts,states,andthefederalgovernmentbegantofavorzero-tolerancepolicies.Inshortorder,“zero-tolerance”policiesbecamethejokingpointforlate-nightcomicsaskidsweresuspendedforbringingtoschoolaspirin,acnemedicine,oraG.I.Joedollwithasmallplasticgun.

Theobviouslessonthereandwithbullyingisthatthereisnosubstitutefordiscretionandjudgmentbytheadultsincharge.Insomecircumstances,eye-rollingcouldbeabusivebehaviorjustasaspirincanbeusedorabused.Butadultsshouldn’tgiveupthehardroleofmakingnuancedjudgmentcallsbycreatingridiculouslyrigiddisciplinecodes.Replacingthoughtlessinactionwiththoughtlessactionwon’tsolvetheproblem.

1.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutpeople’sreactiontobullying?

2.Whatisthestrategyofthekidsindealingwithanti-bullyingpolicies?

3.The“zero-tolerance”policiestowardsdrugsandweaponsendedupbeing（）.

4.Theword“there”inthefirstlineofthelastparagraphrefersto（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theywakeupthoughtfully.

B.Theydemonstratelittlecommonsense.

C.Theyattachimportancetothefilm.

D.Theygotoofar.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toassaulttheprincipalatthemeeting.

B.Toturntheclassroomintoawallofmirrors.

C.Topayattentiontokids’verbalremarks.

D.Torenderthemineffectivebyabusingbullying.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.elevated

B.suspended

C.ridiculed

D.condemned

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.witheye-rollingandpunishableoffenses

B.withverbalandphysicalassault

C.withaspirinandacnemedicine

D.withdrugsandweapons

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)第一段最后一句“...Americaneducatorsandpoliticianshaveawell-intentionedoverreactionthatminimizescommonsenseinfavorofblanketsolutions.”因?yàn)樵谖覀兗庇诮鉀Q問題的過程中,美國(guó)教育家和政客往往出于善意,反應(yīng)過度,而忽略了有利于全面解決方案的常識(shí)。所以選項(xiàng)D（他們反應(yīng)過度）符合原文。選項(xiàng)B是選項(xiàng)D產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果,所以選項(xiàng)D更恰當(dāng)。

2.根據(jù)第三段第一句“Somekidshavealreadyfiguredouthowtoturnthenewsystemonitshead.”有些孩子已經(jīng)想出辦法如何顛覆這個(gè)新系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)本段的例子也可以看出,孩子們恃強(qiáng)凌弱使得系統(tǒng)失去效率。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第四段最后一句““zero-tolerance”policiesbecamethejokingpoint.”零容忍政策成為了一個(gè)笑柄。選項(xiàng)C與原文意思相近。

4.根據(jù)原文可知,前面兩段分別講了校園欺凌和毒品武器的問題,最后一段總結(jié)這兩種事件給人們帶來的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。所以there指的是持有毒品和武器,選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

7.單選題

Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,（

）byhand,wouldhavelostallpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinished.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadtheybeendone

B.theyhadbeendone

C.havingbeendone

D.theyweredone

【答案】A

【解析】句意:如果用手進(jìn)行數(shù)百萬次的計(jì)算，到結(jié)束時(shí)就已經(jīng)失去了意義。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾榈寡b。由句意以及wouldhavelost…推斷此句應(yīng)采用If引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句表示虛擬,而且表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。因此應(yīng)該是iftheyhadbeendonebyhand,當(dāng)省略if后需采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即Hadtheybeendonebyhand。

8.單選題

Petroleumisnature’s______ofthehydrocarbon—remainsofmanyformsofmarinelife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.component

B.composition

C.composite

D.complication

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A項(xiàng)component“組成部分，成分，組件”，B項(xiàng)composition“作文，作曲，作品”，C項(xiàng)composite“復(fù)合材料，合成物”，D項(xiàng)complication“并發(fā)癥，復(fù)雜，復(fù)雜化”。根據(jù)句子空格處部分的意思“石油是自然界的……碳?xì)浠衔铩笨芍?，空格處填入“合成物”最符合語(yǔ)境。句意：石油是自然界中多種海洋生物殘留的碳?xì)浠衔锏暮铣晌?。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Wecan（

）aconclusionfromthesefactswehavecollected.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.generalize

B.nominate

C.label

D.integrate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。generalize意為“概括，歸納”；nominate意為“提名，任命”；label意為“貼標(biāo)簽于”；integrate意為“(使)合并，成為一體”。

句意：我們可以從收集到的這些事實(shí)中歸納出一個(gè)結(jié)論。

10.單選題

Theriseofmultinationalcorporations,globalmarketing,newcommunicationstechnologies,andshrinkingculturaldifferenceshaveledtoanunparalleledincreaseinglobalpublicrelationsorPR.

Surprisingly,sincemodernPRwaslargelyanAmericaninvention,theU.S.leadershipinpublicrelationsisbeingthreatenedbyPReffortsinothercountries.Tenyearsago,forexample,theworld’'stopfivepublicrelationsagencieswereAmerican-owned.In1991,onlyonewas.TheBritishinparticulararebecomingmoresophisticatedandcreative.ArecentsurveyfoundthatmorethanhalfofallBritishcompaniesincludePRaspartoftheircorporateplanningactivities,comparedtoaboutonethirdofU.S.companies.ItmaynotbelongbeforeLondonreplacesNewYorkasthecapitalofPR.

WhyisAmericalaggingbehindintheglobalPRrace?First,Americansasawholetendtobefairlyprovincialandtakemoreofaninterestinlocalaffairs.Knowledgeofworldgeography,forexample,hasneverbeenstronginthiscountry.Secondly,AmericanslagbehindtheirEuropeanandAsiancounterpartsinknowingasecondlanguage.Lessthan5percentofBurson-Marshall’'sU.S.employeesknowtwolanguages.OgilvyandMatherhasaboutthesamepercentage.Conversely,someEuropeanfirmshavehalformoreoftheiremployeesfluentinasecondlanguage.Finally,peopleinvolvedinPRabroadtendtokeepaclosereyeoninternationalaffairs.InthefinancialPRarea,forinstance,mostAmericansreadtheWallStreetJournal.Overseas,theircounterpartsreadtheJournalaswellastheFinancialTimesofLondonandtheEconomist,publicationsnotoftenreadinthiscountry.

PerhapsthePRindustrymighttakealessonfromTedTurnerofCNN(CableNewsNetwork).Turnerrecentlyannouncedthattheword“foreign”’’wouldnolongerbeusedonCNNnewsbroadcasts.AccordingtoTurner,globalcommunicationshavemadethenationsoftheworldsointerdependentthatthereisnolongeranysuchthingasforeign.

41.Accordingtothepassage,U.S.leadershipinpublicrelationsisbeingthreatenedbecauseof______.

42.LondoncouldsoonreplaceNewYorkasthecenterofPRbecause______.

43.Theword“provincial”(Line2,Para.3)mostprobablymeans“______

”.

44.WelearnfromthethirdparagraphthatemployeesintheAmericanPRindustry______.

45.WhatlessonmightthePRindustrytakefromTedTurnerofCNN?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anunparalleledincreaseinthenumberofpublicrelationscompanies

B.shrinkingculturaldifferencesandnewcommunicationstechnologies

C.thedecreasingnumberofmultinationalcorporationsintheU.S.

D.increasedeffortsofothercountriesinpublicrelations

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.BritishcompaniesaremoreambitiousthanU.S.companies

B.BritishcompaniesplacemoreimportanceonPRthanU.S.companies

C.BritishcompaniesareheavilyinvolvedinPlanningactivities

D.Fouroftheworld’'stoppublicrelationsagenciesareBritish-owned

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.limitedinoutlook

B.likepeoplefromtheprovinces

C.rigidinthinking

D.interestedinworldfinancialaffairs

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.speakatleastoneforeignlanguagefluently

B.areignorantaboutworldgeography

C.arenotassophisticatedastheirEuropeancounterparts

D.enjoyreadingagreatvarietyofEnglishbusinesspublications

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.AmericanPRcompaniesshouldbemoreinternationally-minded.

B.TheAmericanPRindustryshoulddevelopglobalcommunicationstechnologies.

C.PeopleworkinginPRshouldbemorefluentinforeignlanguages.

D.PeopleinvolvedinPRshouldavoidusingtheword"“foreign”".

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問的是美國(guó)在公共關(guān)系業(yè)中的領(lǐng)袖地位受到威脅的原因是什么，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞leadership定位到文章首句“Theriseofmultinationalcorporations,globalmarketing,newcommunicationstechnologies,andshrinkingculturaldifferenceshaveledtoanunparalleledincreaseinglobalpublicrelationsorPR.”可得知，選項(xiàng)A、C以及D所提及的三點(diǎn)都是公共關(guān)系業(yè)迅速發(fā)展的原因，與題干原意相反。選項(xiàng)B,，根據(jù)第二段首句可得知選項(xiàng)B符合原意。

2.【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問的是不久倫敦就會(huì)代替紐約成為公共關(guān)系業(yè)的中心的原因是什么，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞London,，replace可定位到文章第二段的最后一第四句，“TheBritishinparticulararebecomingmoresophisticatedandcreative.ArecentsurveyfoundthatmorethanhalfofallBritishcompaniesincludePRaspartoftheircorporateplanningactivities,comparedtoaboutone-thirdofU.S.companies.”這句話的意思是英國(guó)的公司比美國(guó)的公司更強(qiáng)調(diào)公共關(guān)系的重要性，由此可見選項(xiàng)A為正確答案。

3.【試題解析】：語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)題干所選單詞定位到原文第三段，“Knowledgeofworldgeography,forexample,hasneverbeenstronginthiscountry.”這個(gè)國(guó)家的世界地理知識(shí)從來就不強(qiáng)可得知他們對(duì)于世界地理的了解限制了，比較狹隘。由此，答案A為正確選項(xiàng)。

4.【試題解析】：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文定位到第三段的“Knowledgeofworldgeography,forexample,hasneverbeenstronginthiscountry.”可得知，為選項(xiàng)B的同義替換。選項(xiàng)A與原文的第二點(diǎn)相反。選項(xiàng)C和選項(xiàng)D原文中沒有涉及。因此，選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。

5.【試題解析】：判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文定位到最后一段的前兩句“PerhapsthePRindustrymighttakealessonfromTedTurnerofCNN(CableNewsNetwork).Turnerrecentlyannouncedthattheword“‘foreign’’’wouldnolongerbeusedonCNNnewsbroadcasts.”可得知要避免使用“foreign”這個(gè)單詞。因此，答案為D。

11.單選題

Whatisthenatureofthescientificattitude,theattitudeofthemanorwomanwhostudiesandappliesphysics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicineoranyotherscience?Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinthesocieties.However,manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.Thefirstaspectistheapplicationofthemachines,productsandsystemsofknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop.Throughtechnology,scienceimprovesthestructureofsocietyandhelpsmantogainincreasingcontroloverhisenvironment.

Thesecondaspectistheapplicationbyallmembersofsocietyofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandactionthatscientistsuseintheirwork.

Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?Firstofall,itseemsthatasuccessfulscientistisfullofcuriosityhewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardsproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfactoryexplanation,andhiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.Moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.

Heisgoodobserver,accurate,patientandobjectiveandapplieslogicalthoughttotheobservationshemakes.Heutilizesthefactsheobservestothefullestextent.Forexample,trainedobserversobtainaverylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthesimplelinesthatappearinaspectrum.

Heisskeptical—hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailableandthereforerejectsauthorityasthesolebasisfortruth.Scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectivelytoverifythem.

Furthermore,heisnotonlycriticaloftheworkofothers,butalsoofhisown,sinceheknowsthatmanistheleastreliableofscientificinstrumentsandthatanumberoffactorstendtodisturbobjectiveinvestigation.

Lastly,heishighlyimaginativesinceheoftenhastolookforrelationshipsindatawhicharenotonlycomplexbutalsofrequentlyincomplete.Furthermore,heneedsimaginationifhewantstomakehypothesesofhowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.

Theseseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.

1.Manypeoplebelievethatsciencehelpssocietytoprogressthrough（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutcuriosity?

3.Accordingtothepassage,asuccessfulscientistwouldnot（）.

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthetopic?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appliedknowledge

B.morethanoneaspect

C.technologyonly

D.theuseofmachines

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itgivesthescientistconfidenceandpleasureinwork.

B.Itgivesrisetointerestinproblemsthatareunexplained.

C.Itleadstoeffortstoinvestigatepotentialconnections.

D.Itencouragesthescientisttolookfornewwaysofacting.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.easilybelieveinuncheckedstatements

B.easilycriticizeothers’researchwork

C.alwaysusehisimaginationinwork

D.alwaysuseevidencefromobservation

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Applicationoftechnology.

B.Progressinmodernsociety.

C.Scientists’waysofthinkingandacting.

D.Howtobecomeasuccessfulscientific.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Critical

B.Objective

C.Biased

D.Unclear

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:However,manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience(然而，許多人認(rèn)為社會(huì)的進(jìn)步取決于科學(xué)的兩個(gè)不同方面)。因此B項(xiàng)“不止一個(gè)方面”正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞curiosity定位至第三段。A:它賦予了科學(xué)家在工作中的信心和樂趣。第三段最后一句指出:Moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves(除此之外，他認(rèn)為自己能夠改善現(xiàn)有的條件并享受努力解決相關(guān)問題的過程)。由此可見，A項(xiàng)符合原文所述。B:它激發(fā)人們對(duì)未解之謎的興趣。該段還指出:hewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks(他想要發(fā)現(xiàn)宇宙運(yùn)行的原因和方式)。這里的howandwhytheuniverseworks相當(dāng)于B項(xiàng)的problemsthatareunexplained，由此可見，B項(xiàng)符合原文所述。C:它引導(dǎo)人們研究(調(diào)查)潛在的聯(lián)系。根據(jù)該段中的“hiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected(他的這種好奇心促使他去探尋事物之間潛藏的聯(lián)系，即使相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)顯示這些事物之間似乎沒有聯(lián)系)”可知C項(xiàng)也符合原文所述。D:它鼓勵(lì)科學(xué)家尋找新的行為方式。只有D項(xiàng)在原文中找不到相關(guān)信息，故本題選D。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第五段指出:hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable(他不會(huì)去接受那些不是基于充分的證據(jù)的論斷)。因此A項(xiàng)“輕易相信未經(jīng)檢查的陳述”正確。

第4題:主旨大意題。本文采取總—分的結(jié)構(gòu)，先是總述:科學(xué)在社會(huì)中起著重要作用，然而，許多人都認(rèn)為社會(huì)的進(jìn)步取決于科學(xué)的兩個(gè)不同的方面。后面重點(diǎn)講了科學(xué)的第二個(gè)方面，即科學(xué)家在工作的過程中所使用的思考和行為方法，因此C項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家思考和行動(dòng)的方式”是文章重點(diǎn)討論的。

第5題:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。此文章為說明文。文章只是客觀陳述了許多人認(rèn)為決定社會(huì)進(jìn)步的兩個(gè)不同的科學(xué)方面，重點(diǎn)介紹了科學(xué)家在工作的過程中所使用的思考和行為方法，并未摻雜個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)及情感，故選B項(xiàng)。

12.翻譯題

在不久的將來，3D打印技術(shù)將走進(jìn)千家萬戶。有了3D打印機(jī)后，人人都可以通過數(shù)碼設(shè)計(jì)制造出各種想象中的物體，或者借用不管來自世界哪個(gè)角落的某種設(shè)計(jì)。只需按一個(gè)鈕，3D打印機(jī)就可以用一層層的塑料或其它材質(zhì)，把你設(shè)計(jì)的物品在你眼前“打印”出來。10年前的科幻小說情節(jié)如今己經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。事實(shí)上，能讓我們的電腦打印紙質(zhì)文檔的點(diǎn)矩陣(dot-matrix)打印機(jī)，這是不久之前才發(fā)明出來的，而現(xiàn)在3D打印機(jī)又以同樣的方式，使我們夢(mèng)想的各種物體都能呈現(xiàn)在我們眼前。有了3D打印機(jī)的魔力，人人都是制造商，唯一能限制我們的，就是我們的想象力。

【答案】Itwon'tbelongbeforeeveryonewillhaveaccesstoa3Dprinter.Armedwitha3Dprinter,everyonecancreatetheirowndigitaldesignforanyimaginedobjectorborrowadesignfromanywherearoundtheworld.Bysimplypressingabuttonmakerscanseta3Dprinterintomotionrenderingthephysicalobjectwithlayersofplasticorothermaterialrightbeforetheireyes.Whatwassciencefictiontenyearsagoisrealitytoday.Itwasn'tlongagowelistenedtothewhirofadot-matrixprinterspittingoutdocumentsfromourcomputers,nowa3Dprinterrendersanyobjectwecandreamupthesameway.Withthemagicof3Dprintingcapabilityweareallmanufacturers,constrainedonlybyourimaginations.

13.單選題

VisatoMelina.R.D.gotthesurpriseofhercareerlastyear,whentheSeattle-basedvegetariannutritionistwasaskedtogiveaseminaronvegetarianismataseniorcitizencenter.“Ithoughtthere'dbefourorfivepeople,”shesays.Instead,theroomwaspackedwithseniorswhohadpaida$5feetohearheradvice.Andtheirinterestinbetterhealthwasn’tonlykeen;itwasinformed."They'veobviouslybeenpayingattentiontonewresearch,”shesays.

IfMelinastudieddemographictrendsforaliving,sheprobablywouldn’thavebeensosurprised.Trendwatchershaveverifiedanintriguingnewphenomenon.Olderpeopleareturningtoavegetariandietinever-increasingnumbers.Notsurprisingly,demographicsaredrivingthedrift.Bytheyear2005,peoplebombetween1949and1963theBabyBoomGeneration,willmakeup38percentoftheAmericanpopulation.Furthermore,statisticssuggestthiseducated,health-conscious,rebelliousandrelativelyaffluentcontingentfitsthetraditionalvegetarianprofile.Addtothefactthatolderpeopleseeknatural,pleasantwaystocombatproblemsassociatedwithaging-weightgain,highercholeste